* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Genetics Vocabulary List
Survey
Document related concepts
Gene therapy of the human retina wikipedia , lookup
Site-specific recombinase technology wikipedia , lookup
Artificial gene synthesis wikipedia , lookup
Epigenetics in stem-cell differentiation wikipedia , lookup
Quantitative trait locus wikipedia , lookup
Genome (book) wikipedia , lookup
Dominance (genetics) wikipedia , lookup
Point mutation wikipedia , lookup
Polycomb Group Proteins and Cancer wikipedia , lookup
Genetic engineering wikipedia , lookup
History of genetic engineering wikipedia , lookup
Designer baby wikipedia , lookup
Vectors in gene therapy wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Genetics Vocabulary List 1. Acquired trait: traits (characteristics) that are gained by an organism after birth (QUIZ 1) 2. Alleles: the different forms of a gene (QUIZ 2) 3. Asexual reproduction: is a mode of reproduction by which offspring arise from a single organism, and inherit the genes of that parent only (QUIZ 1) 4. Carrier: a person who has one recessive allele and one dominant allele for a trait (QUIZ 3) 5. Cell: the basic unit of structure and function in living things (from 6th-grade) (QUIZ 1) 6. Cell cycle: the series of events in which a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to two daughter cells (QUIZ 2) 7. Cell division: the division of a cell into two daughter cells with the same genetic material. 8. Chromosome: a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes. (QUIZ 3) 9. Clone: an organism that is genetically identical to the organism from which it was produced (QUIZ 1) 10. Codominance: a situation in which both alleles for a gene are expressed equally (QUIZ 3) 11. DNA: (deoxyribonucleic acid) the genetic material that carries information about an organism and is passed from parent to offspring (QUIZ 3) 12. Dominant trait: a trait that always shows up in an organism when the allele is present (QUIZ 1) 13. Egg cell: A cell, found in females, which merges with a sperm cell to form a zygote. 14. Fertilization: the process in sexual reproduction in which an egg cell and a sperm cell join to form a new cell (QUIZ 1) 15. Gene: a sequence of DNA that determines a trait and is passed from parent to offspring (QUIZ 3) 16. Genetics: the scientific study of heredity (QUIZ 1) 17. Genotype: genetic make up; alleles (QUIZ 2) 18. Heredity: the passing of traits from parents to offspring (QUIZ 1) 19. Heterozygous: having two different alleles for a particular gene(QUIZ 2) 20. Homozygous: having two identical alleles for a particular (QUIZ 2) 21. Hybrid: an offspring of crosses that has two different alleles for a trait (QUIZ 2) 22. Inherited trait: a characteristic that is passed from parent to offspring through genes (from evolution unit) (QUIZ 1) 23. Meiosis: the process that occurs in the formation of sex cells (sperm & egg) by which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half (QUIZ 2) 24. Mitosis: the second stage of the cell cycle during which the cell’s nucleus divides into two new nuclei and one set of DNA is distributed into each daughter cell (QUIZ 2) 25. Multicellular: consisting of many cells (from 6th grade) 26. Mutation: any change in the DNA of a gene or chromosome 27. Nucleus: in cells, a large oval organelle that contains the cell’s genetic material in the form of DNA and controls many of the cell’s activities (from 6th-grade) 28. Organelle: a tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within a cell (from 6th-grade) 29. Pedigree: a chart that shows the presence of absence of a trait according to the relationships within a family across several generations (QUIZ 3) 30. Phenotype: an organism’s physical appearance or visible traits (QUIZ 2) Genetics Vocabulary List 31. Probability: a number that describes who likely it is that a particular event will occur (from math) (QUIZ 2) 32. Punnett square: a chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross (QUIZ 2) 33. Purebred: an offspring of many generations that has the same form of a trait (QUIZ 2) 34. Recessive trait: a trait that is hidden whenever the dominant allele is present (QUIZ 1) 35. Scientific theory: a well-tested explanation for a wide range of observations or experiment results 36. Sexual reproduction: the production of new living organisms (offspring) by combining genetic information from two individuals (parents) (QUIZ 1) 37. Species: a group of similar organisms that can mate with each other and produce offspring that can also mate and reproduce 38. Sperm cell: a cell, found in males, which merges with an egg cell to form a zygote 39. Trait: a specific characteristic that an organism can pass to its offspring through its genes 40. Unicellular: made of one cell (from 6th-grade) 41. Variation: any difference between individuals of the same species (QUIZ 1) Words that are from previous or future units and are in BLACK font will not be specifically tested during our Genetics Unit.