Download natural selection

 HAPPY THURSDAY 
• List your 3 Genetic Modifications from your
Sweet Potato Farm.
• How would it be possible for future potato
generations to keep the same traits of your
genetically modified potatoes.
RECOMBINATION
Buff Binder
Check
Name:
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 Happy Thursday 
Get out I.A.N on Page 45
and copy down EXACTLY what
you see on the board.
11.
12.
13.
30.
31.
14.
32.
15.
33.
16.
34.
17.
35.
18.
36.
19.
37.
Make two/three columns.
Today’s Activity: Review Stations
• You will work with a partner and answer the
questions in the hallway.
• You MAY use your notes.
• Be sure to fill out the correct answers on the
correct stations.
• You must complete each station—right or
wrong—to receive ANY credit for today’s grade.
1. _______________ is defined as
change in a gene pool over time.
•
•
•
•
•
•
artificial selection
natural selection
homologous structures
vestigial organs
Darwin
Lamarck
•
•
•
•
•
•
adaptation
evolution
common descent
descent with modification
fitness
biological diversity
2. _______________ contributed more
to our understanding of evolution than
anyone else.
•
•
•
•
•
•
artificial selection
natural selection
homologous structures
vestigial organs
Darwin
Lamarck
•
•
•
•
•
•
adaptation
evolution
common descent
descent with modification
fitness
biological diversity
3. _______________is selection by
humans for breeding of useful traits
from the natural variation among
different organisms.
•
•
•
•
•
•
artificial selection
natural selection
homologous structures
vestigial organs
Darwin
Lamarck
•
•
•
•
•
•
adaptation
evolution
common descent
descent with modification
fitness
biological diversity
4. _______________ is the ability of an
organism to survive and reproduce in
its environment.
•
•
•
•
•
•
artificial selection
natural selection
homologous structures
vestigial organs
Darwin
Lamarck
•
•
•
•
•
•
adaptation
evolution
common descent
descent with modification
fitness
biological diversity
5. An _______________ is any
inherited characteristic that increases
an organism’s chance of survival.
•
•
•
•
•
•
artificial selection
natural selection
homologous structures
vestigial organs
Darwin
Lamarck
•
•
•
•
•
•
adaptation
evolution
common descent
descent with modification
fitness
biological diversity
6. Individuals with characteristics that are not well
suited to their environment die. Individuals that
are better suited to their environment survive and
reproduce most successfully. Darwin called this
process _______________.
•
•
•
•
•
•
artificial selection
natural selection
homologous structures
vestigial organs
Darwin
Lamarck
•
•
•
•
•
•
adaptation
evolution
common descent
descent with modification
fitness
biological diversity
7. _______________ is a principle that
each living species has descended, with
changes, from other species over time.
•
•
•
•
•
•
artificial selection
natural selection
homologous structures
vestigial organs
Darwin
Lamarck
•
•
•
•
•
•
adaptation
evolution
common descent
descent with modification
fitness
biological diversity
8. According to the principle of
_______________, all species – living and
extinct – were derived from common
ancestors.
•
•
•
•
•
•
artificial selection
natural selection
homologous structures
vestigial organs
Darwin
Lamarck
•
•
•
•
•
•
adaptation
evolution
common descent
descent with modification
fitness
biological diversity
9. The following phrases are from a
game of telephone. Which biology
concept(s) does this illustrate?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Dark forest
Dark force
Damp forest
Dan put forest
10. A population of tortoises inhabits
an island filled with small shrubby
bushes and vegetation that is located
off of the ground. Within the
population of tortoises are individuals
with short, medium, and long necks.
Which of the individuals will leave
behind the most offspring?
11. A type of antibiotic is used to fight
an nasty sinus infection. The 10 day
prescription kills 99% of the bacteria.
The patient feels better but in a few
days their infection is back from the
remaining bacteria reproducing.
Explain why the doctor would not
prescribe the same antibiotic.
12. Copy the statement and indicate if
it is true or false
Natural selection will occur more quickly
when resources are limited.
13. Copy the statement and indicate if
it is true or false
Natural selection will occur more
quickly when populations reproduce
slowly
14. Copy the statement and indicate if
it is true or false
Natural selection will occur more
quickly when competition is minimal
15. Copy the statement and indicate if
it is true or false
Natural selection will occur more
quickly when populations have many
genetic variations
16. Indicate (Y/N) if the situation
would cause natural selection to occur
for each situation.
A. Limited amount of food supply
B. Decreased competition for mates
C. Reduced material and space for shelter
D. Increased fighting for resources
17. How is the
organism in the
picture adapted to its
environment?
18. How is the organism in the picture
adapted to its environment?
19. Explain how humans caused
wolves to evolve into dogs.
20. Which
type of
selection is
modeled by
the blue and
green lines?
a. Stabilizing
b. directional
c. disruptive
21. In shallow water among rocks light-colored
oysters are less easy for a predator to see
because they match the rock color. Dark-colored
oysters blend into the shadows cast by the
rocks. Intermediate-colored oysters are most
heavily preyed upon by the crabs, and very light
and very dark oysters survive to reproduce
Which type of selection is modeled above?
a. stabilizing b. directional c. disruptive
Sad, but True
22. It is well known that early mortality is
common for extreme birth weights. Both very
large and very small infants suffer high mortality
rates. This is an example of ______________
selection.
a. stabilizing b. directional c. disruptive
23. Why are mutations important in all
species?
24. Which of the following is not
evidence of a common ancestor?
•
•
•
•
•
•
Vestigial Structures
Same biogeography
Similar embryonic structures
Similar gene sequences
Similar prey
Homologous structures
25. Which of the following can not be
learned from the fossil record?
(2 answers)
•
•
•
•
•
•
Where an organism lived
The ancestors of organisms
The chronological order of their existence
The full range of their variations
The climate in which they existed
All the different species that existed
26. Name that term!
• What do we call the geographical distribution
of a species?
27. Which of the following does not
apply to Natural selection?
(4 answers)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Survival advantage
Survival disadvantage
Phenotype
Genotype
Choice traits/adaptations
Change in Individuals
Acquired traits
Variety
•
•
•
•
•
•
Competition
Over Reproduction
Inherited Traits
Sudden Change
Change in Populations
Mutations
28. Scientists at Texas A&M University have
discovered how to insert a “maroon gene” into
the genetic material of a Bluebonnet that causes
it to grow maroon-colored. As this flower
reproduces, it forms additional maroon flowers.
Which evolutionary process is represented in
this scenario? (hint: today’s bellwork)
29. Short answer
• Why is variation important in a species?
30. A wildflower population consisting of blue,
purple, and pink flowers is subjected to a
mudslide that kills most of the blue ones. As
time progresses, blue flowers eventually die out,
leaving only purple and pink wildflowers.
This is an example of
A. Bottleneck effect
C. Genetic drift
B. Speciation
D. Gene Flow
31. How does Genetic Drift differ from natural
selection?
A. Founder Effect
B. Bottleneck effect
C. Co-Evolution
D. Convergent Evolution
E. Divergent Evolution F. Genetic Drift
32. The North American kangaroo rat,
Australian hopping mouse, and North
African and Asian jerboa have developed
adaptations for hot desert environments; these
include a small rounded body shape with very
large hind legs and long thin tails, a
characteristic bipedal hop, and nocturnal,
burrowing and seed-eating behaviors.
A. Founder Effect
B. Bottleneck effect
C. Co-Evolution
D. Convergent Evolution
E. Divergent Evolution F. Genetic Drift
33. The Afrikaner population of Dutch settlers in
South Africa is descended mainly from a few
colonists from the Netherlands. Today, the
Afrikaner population has an unusually high
frequency of the gene that causes Huntington’s
disease, because those original Dutch colonists
just happened to carry that gene with unusually
high frequency.
A. Founder Effect
B. Bottleneck effect
C. Co-Evolution
D. Convergent Evolution
E. Divergent Evolution F. Genetic Drift
34. A human foot evolved to be very different from a
monkey's foot, despite their common primate ancestry. It
is speculated that a new species (humans) developed
because there was no longer was a need for swinging
from trees. Upright walking on the ground required
alterations in the foot for better speed and balance.
These differing traits soon became characteristics that
evolved to permit movement on the ground. Although
humans and monkeys are genetically similar, their
natural habitat required different physical traits to evolve
for survival.
A. Founder Effect
B. Bottleneck effect
C. Co-Evolution
D. Convergent Evolution
E. Divergent Evolution F. Genetic Drift
35. American bison were once very prevalent in
North America, but were hunted close to
extinction in the late 1800's. Though the
population is recovering, the rapid decrease in
population size has led to a population with very
little genetic variability
A. Founder Effect
B. Bottleneck effect
C. Co-Evolution
D. Convergent Evolution
E. Divergent Evolution F. Genetic Drift
36. One single rough-skinned newt produces
enough toxins to kill 100 humans. So you would
think that nothing could eat these animals, but
you would be wrong! Common garter snakes are
able to eat these newts. Over time, these snakes
have become resistant to the toxins of these
newts.
A. Founder Effect
B. Bottleneck effect
C. Co-Evolution
D. Convergent Evolution
E. Divergent Evolution F. Genetic Drift
37. As the result of a catastrophic earthquake,
many brown-haired people are killed, but a
proportionately lower number of blonde-haired
people are killed, resulting in the births of more
blonde-haired babies.
Answer key
1. evolution is defined as change over
time.
•
•
•
•
•
•
artificial selection
natural selection
homologous structures
vestigial organs
Darwin
Lamarck
•
•
•
•
•
•
adaptation
evolution
common descent
descent with modification
fitness
biological diversity
2. Darwin
contributed more to our understanding
of evolution than anyone else.
•
•
•
•
•
•
artificial selection
natural selection
homologous structures
vestigial organs
Darwin
Lamarck
•
•
•
•
•
•
adaptation
evolution
common descent
descent with modification
fitness
biological diversity
3. artificial selection
is selection by humans for breeding of
useful traits from the natural variation
among different organisms.
•
•
•
•
•
•
artificial selection
natural selection
homologous structures
vestigial organs
Darwin
Lamarck
•
•
•
•
•
•
adaptation
evolution
common descent
descent with modification
fitness
biological diversity
4. fitness is the ability of an organism
to survive and reproduce in its
environment.
•
•
•
•
•
•
artificial selection
natural selection
homologous structures
vestigial organs
Darwin
Lamarck
•
•
•
•
•
•
adaptation
evolution
common descent
descent with modification
fitness
biological diversity
5. An adaptation is any inherited
characteristic that increases an
organism’s chance of survival.
•
•
•
•
•
•
artificial selection
natural selection
homologous structures
vestigial organs
Darwin
Lamarck
•
•
•
•
•
•
adaptation
evolution
common descent
descent with modification
fitness
biological diversity
6. Individuals with characteristics that are not well
suited to their environment die. Individuals that are
better suited to their environment survive and
reproduce most successfully. Darwin called this
process natural selection.
•
•
•
•
•
•
artificial selection
natural selection
homologous structures
vestigial organs
Darwin
Lamarck
•
•
•
•
•
•
adaptation
evolution
common descent
descent with modification
fitness
biological diversity
7. descent with modification is a principle
that each living species has descended,
with changes, from other species over
time.
•
•
•
•
•
•
artificial selection
natural selection
homologous structures
vestigial organs
Darwin
Lamarck
•
•
•
•
•
•
adaptation
evolution
common descent
descent with modification
fitness
biological diversity
8. According to the principle of common
descent, all species – living and extinct –
were derived from common ancestors.
•
•
•
•
•
•
artificial selection
natural selection
homologous structures
vestigial organs
Darwin
Lamarck
•
•
•
•
•
•
adaptation
evolution
common descent
descent with modification
fitness
biological diversity
9. The following phrases are from a
game of telephone. Which biology
concept(s) does this illustrate?
evolution
1.
2.
3.
4.
Dark forest
Dark force
Damp forest
Dan put forest
10. A population of tortoises inhabits
an island filled with small shrubby
bushes and vegetation that is located
off of the ground. Within the
population of tortoises are individuals
with short, medium, and long necks.
Which of the individuals will leave
behind the most offspring? Long
necks
11. A type of antibiotic is used to fight an nasty
sinus infection. The 10 day prescription kills 99%
of the bacteria. The patient feels better but in a
few days their infection is back from the
remaining bacteria reproducing. Explain why
the doctor would not prescribe the same
antibiotic.
The 1% of bacteria that survived was immune and
passed on the “immunity trait” to the new population
of bacteria. (natural selection)
12 - 15. Copy the statement and
indicate if it is true or false
12. Natural selection will occur more quickly when
resources are limited True
13. Natural selection will occur more quickly when
populations reproduce slowly False
14. Natural selection will occur more quickly when
competition is minimal False
15. Natural selection will occur more quickly when
populations have many genetic variations False
16. Indicate (Y/N) if the situation
would cause natural selection to occur.
•
•
•
•
Limited amount of food supply Yes
Decreased competition for mates No
Reduced material and space for shelter Yes
Increased fighting for resources Yes
17. How is the organism
in the picture adapted
to its environment?
Spines protect from
predators, no leaves
(stores water in the
plant), etc.
18. How is the organism in the picture
adapted to its environment?
Smell discourages predators, coloring
discourages predators
19. Explain how humans caused wolves
to evolve into dogs.
People only bred wolves with traits
they wanted (cuteness, tameness, etc).
Over many generations wolves evolved
into dogs.
20. Which type of
selection is
modeled by the
blue and green
lines?
a. stabilizing
b. directional
c. disruptive
21. In shallow water among rocks light-colored
oysters are less easy for a predator to see
because they match the rock color. Dark-colored
oysters blend into the shadows cast by the
rocks. Intermediate-colored oysters are most
heavily preyed upon by the crabs, and very light
and very dark oysters survive to reproduce
Which type of selection is modeled above?
a. stabilizing b. directional c. disruptive
Sad, but True
22. It is well known that early mortality is
common for extreme birth weights. Both very
large and very small infants suffer high mortality
rates. This is an example of ___________
selection.
a. stabilizing b. directional c. disruptive
23. Why are mutations important in all
species?
Mutations are the source of new
traits.
24. Which of the following is not
evidence of a common ancestor?
•
•
•
•
•
•
Vestigial Structures
Same biogeography
Similar embryonic structures
Similar gene sequences
Similar prey
Homologous structures
25. Which of the following can not be
learned from the fossil record?
(2 answers)
•
•
•
•
•
•
Where an organism lived
The ancestors of organisms
The chronological order of their existence
The full range of their variations
The climate in which they existed
All the different species that existed
26. Name that term!
• What do we call the geographical distribution
of a species?
Biogeography
27. Which of the following does not
apply to Natural selection?
(4 answers)
•
•
•
•
•
Survival advantage
Survival disadvantage
Phenotype
Genotype
Choice
traits/adaptations
• Change in Individuals
• Acquired traits
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Variety
Competition
Over Reproduction
Inherited Traits
Sudden Change
Change in Populations
Mutations
28. Scientists at Texas A&M University have
discovered how to insert a “maroon gene” into
the genetic material of a Bluebonnet that causes
it to grow maroon-colored. As this flower
reproduces, it forms additional maroon flowers.
Which evolutionary process is represented in
this scenario? (hint: today’s bellwork)
Recombination
29. Short answer
• Why is inherited variation important in a
species?
It is essential for natural selection to result in a
new species.
30. A wildflower population consisting of blue,
purple, and pink flowers is subjected to a
mudslide that kills most of the blue ones. As
time progresses, blue flowers eventually die out,
leaving only purple and pink wildflowers.
This is an example of
A. Bottleneck effect
C. Genetic drift
B. Speciation
D. Gene Flow
31. How does Genetic Drift differ from Natural
Selection?
Genetic Drift are organisms dying by chance.
Natural Selection is organisms being selected
by nature/environment for specific traits that
are well adapted to that habitat.
A. Founder Effect
B. Bottleneck effect
C. Co-Evolution
D. Convergent Evolution
E. Divergent Evolution F. Genetic Drift
32. The North American kangaroo rat,
Australian hopping mouse, and North
African and Asian jerboa have developed
adaptations for hot desert environments; these
include a small rounded body shape with very
large hind legs and long thin tails, a
characteristic bipedal hop, and nocturnal,
burrowing and seed-eating behaviors.
A. Founder Effect
B. Bottleneck effect
C. Co-Evolution
D. Convergent Evolution
E. Divergent Evolution F. Genetic Drift
33. The Afrikaner population of Dutch settlers in
South Africa is descended mainly from a few
colonists from the Netherlands. Today, the
Afrikaner population has an unusually high
frequency of the gene that causes Huntington’s
disease, because those original Dutch colonists
just happened to carry that gene with unusually
high frequency.
A. Founder Effect
B. Bottleneck effect
C. Co-Evolution
D. Convergent Evolution
E. Divergent Evolution F. Genetic Drift
34. A human foot evolved to be very different from a
monkey's foot, despite their common primate ancestry. It
is speculated that a new species (humans) developed
because there was no longer was a need for swinging
from trees. Upright walking on the ground required
alterations in the foot for better speed and balance.
These differing traits soon became characteristics that
evolved to permit movement on the ground. Although
humans and monkeys are genetically similar, their
natural habitat required different physical traits to evolve
for survival.
A. Founder Effect
B. Bottleneck effect
C. Co-Evolution
D. Convergent Evolution
E. Divergent Evolution F. Genetic Drift
35. American bison were once very prevalent in
North America, but were hunted close to
extinction in the late 1800's. Though the
population is recovering, the rapid decrease in
population size has led to a population with very
little genetic variability
A. Founder Effect
B. Bottleneck effect
C. Co-Evolution
D. Convergent Evolution
E. Divergent Evolution F. Genetic Drift
36. One single rough-skinned newt produces
enough toxins to kill 100 humans. So you would
think that nothing could eat these animals, but
you would be wrong! Common garter snakes are
able to eat these newts. Over time, these snakes
have become resistant to the toxins of these
newts.
A. Founder Effect
B. Bottleneck effect
C. Co-Evolution
D. Convergent Evolution
E. Divergent Evolution F. Genetic Drift
37. As the result of a catastrophic earthquake,
many brown-haired people are killed, but a
proportionately lower number of blonde-haired
people are killed, resulting in the births of more
blonde-haired babies.