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Chapter 20 Study Notes Ocean Water 1 • Most ______________ enters the ocean from the ______________________. – oxygen – atmosphere 2 • _______________ dissolve most easily in _____________ ocean water. – Gases – cold 3 • Ocean water ________ depends on the solar energy an area receives and the water’s ________________. – temperature – movement. 4 • As deep ocean water becomes ________, it also becomes ________ and ______ through the ocean basins. – colder, – sinks 5 • _____ is the “_______of life” in the ocean. – Plankton – foundation 6 • ______ _______ live in the ______ zone. – Marine – mammals – pelagic 7 • The ocean is the main source of the _____ minerals _______ and _______. – trace – magnesium – bromine. 8 • Most offshore ________ and petroleum deposits are found along continental _________________. – oil – margins. 9 • A major problem for ________ is ________. – aquaculture – pollution. 10 • In addition to increased use of _____ chemicals, increased world _______ has reduced the ocean’s ability to renew itself. – toxic – population 11 • Raising aquatic plants and animals for human consumption is __________. – aquaculture. 12 • The process of _______ salt from ocean water is called ___________. – removing – desalination. 13 • As the ________ changes, the ocean and atmosphere are continuously exchanging ___________. – temperature – gases. 14 • The Ocean is often referred to as a ______ _____ because it contains 60 times more carbon than the atmosphere. – carbon – sink 15 • ________ elements in the ocean are those minerals that are _______ in amount. – Trace – smallest 16 • By studying variations in _____ in the ocean, scientists can determine the presence of ________. – color – phytoplankton. 17 • ______ are the foundation of life in the ocean because they form the base of the ocean ______ _____. – Plankton – food chain. 18 • A layer of _____ covering ocean water in Polar Regions is called ____ ______. – ice – pack ice. 19 • When surface ocean water is ______ by solar energy, its density _________. – warmed – decreases. 20 • _____ _____ are an example of _______. – Sea sponges – benthos. 21 • The ocean zone that receives the ______ _____ energy and is home to the most diverse ocean life forms is the ______ _________. – most – solar – pelagic zone. 22 • Most wavelengths of visible ______ are absorbed by ocean water and microscopic sea life, the one color that is most _________ is _______. – light – reflected – blue. 23 • The most ______ ocean resource, found beneath the ocean floor, is _________. – valuable – petroleum. 24 • Some of the most deadly _________ found in ocean water today include mercury, toxic chemicals such as DDT, and ________. – pollutants – lead. THE END