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Transcript
10/6 Opening Activity CORE 3 AND 4: FIND YOUR NEW SEATS What was Rosalind Franklin’s contribution to the discovery of DNA? How do you feel about her “recognition” in her role of DNA? 1 3 DNA • DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid is often called the blueprint of life. • In simple terms, DNA contains the instructions for making proteins within the cell. 4 Hair Color is Proteins (or lack of proteins= blonde) 5 Watson & Crick’s Model 6 Why do we study DNA? We study DNA for many reasons, e.g., • its central importance to all life on Earth, • medical benefits such as cures for diseases, • better food crops. 7 Chromosomes and DNA • Our genes are on our chromosomes. • Chromosomes are made up of a chemical called DNA. 8 The Shape of the Molecule • DNA is a very long polymer. • The basic shape is like a twisted ladder or zipper. • This is called a double helix. 9 The Double Helix Molecule • The DNA double helix has two strands twisted together. 10 One Strand of DNA • The backbone of the molecule is alternating phosphates and deoxyribose sugar • The teeth are nitrogenous bases. phosphate deoxyribose bases 11 One Strand of DNA nucleotide • One strand of DNA is a polymer of nucleotides. • One strand of DNA has many millions of nucleotides. 12 Four nitrogenous bases DNA has four different bases: C • Thymine T • Adenine A • Guanine G • Cytosine 13 APPLE TREE Adenine <-> Thymine 20 CAR GARAGE Cytosine <-> Guanine 21 DNA Model • DO NOT cut out anything yet. • On the handout, use the key and color the different parts of the DNA. 22 23 DNA by the Numbers • Each cell has about 2 m of DNA. • The average human has 75 trillion cells. • The average human has enough DNA to go from the earth to the sun more than 400 times. The earth is 150 billion m • DNA has a diameter of or 93 million miles from the sun. only 0.000000002 m. 24 25