Download verb endings

VERB ENDINGS
RECOGNIZE
THEM
IDENTIFY THEM
USE THEM
Know the subject pronouns.
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1 yo
2 tú
3 él / ella / usted
4 nosotros/nosotras
5 ellos / ellas / ustedes
Always memorize the verb endings
in the same order as the pronouns.
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1 yo
2 tú
3 él / ella / usted
4 nosotros/nosotras
5 ellos / ellas / ustedes
1. What is the verb in its “pure”
form called?
Infinitive
Remember that there are 5 endings to
memorize for the Present Tense.
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1 yo
2 tú
3 él / ella / usted (These are always the same as each other.)
4 nosotros/nosotras
5 ellos / ellas / ustedes
(These are always the same as each other)
Know an example of the
“Present Indicative” in English.
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1. I speak Spanish.
2. You speak Spanish.
3. He speaks Spanish.
She speaks Spanish.
4. We speak Spanish.
5. They speak Spanish.
THE PRESENT INDICATIVE TENSE
AR VERB ENDINGS
1. o
2. as
3. a, a, a
4. amos
5. an, an, an
THE PRESENT INDICATIVE
ER VERB ENDINGS
1. o
2. es
3. e, e, e
4. emos
5. en, en, en
THE PRESENT INDICATIVE
IR VERB ENDINGS
1. o
2. es
3. e, e, e
4. imos
5. en, en, en
¡OJO!
“ER” AND “IR” ENDING
ARE THE SAME EXCEPT FOR THE
“NOSOTROS” FORM
ER VERB ENDINGS
•1. o
•2. es
•3. e
•4. emos
•5. en
IR VERB ENDINGS
 1. o
 2. es
 3. e
 4. imos
 5. en
2. What word do all “pure” verbs include
in English?
To
3. What are the 3 ways these infinitive
“pure” verbs end in Spanish?
4. How can you compare a
“pure” infinitive verb to a hand
grenade?
A
lot of potential;
no action
Know how to find the stem
of an infinitive verb.
 To
find the stem of an infinitive
verb, remove the “ar”, “er’, “ir” at
the end of the Infinitive.
 Remember an “infinitive verb” has
not been conjugated. (changed)
Now what?



•
•
Put the appropriate ending on the “stem.”
“Hablar” is an infinitive verb, an “ar” verb.
Remove the “ar” and you are left with the
stem.
Hablar
Habl
Add the ending you need.
o, as, a, amos, an are the endings.
So……….

If you want the “yo” form, add the ending
for “yo.”
Yo
o

Habl + o = hablo or Yo hablo.

Many of the other tenses in
Spanish work the same way.

The Preterite is one of them.

The Preterite is used for talking about
something that ended at a definite time in the
past.
Example: I ate bacon and eggs for breakfast
yesterday.

Memorize the
Preterite endings
AR Verbs
1. é
2. aste
3. ó
4. amos
5. aron
ER Verbs
1. í
2. iste
3. ió
4. imos
5. ieron
IR Verbs
1. í
2. iste
3. ió
4. imos
5. ieron
Note: the “er” and “ir” endings are the same.
The “Imperfect” is another past tense
that works the same way.
It is used to talk about an on going, or
habitual activity in the past.
 Example:
I used to eat eggs for breakfast everyday.
I always ate eggs and bacon.
I was eating eggs three times a week.

The Imperfect Endings.
Ar
1. aba
2. abas
3. aba
4. ábamos
5. aban
Er and Ir
1. ía
2. ías
3. ía
4. íamos
5. ían
The Future Tense
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
The “Future Tense” is used to talk about
things that haven’t happened yet.
It is used to talk about future events or things
that will happen.
In English, the Future Tense always has the
word “will” in front of the verb.
Example: I will have a chicken ranch and we
will eat the eggs!
The “Future Endings”
are attached to the entire
“Infinitive Verb”.
Or, in other words, the “Infinitive” is
used as the stem.
 The Infinitive + future ending= the future
tense

Example: hablar + é = hablaré
The Future Endings
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
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“Ar,” “Er,” and “Ir” verbs all use the same
endings in the Future.
1. é
2. ás
3. á
4. emos
5. án
A few verbs are irregular in the Future
Tense.
 You
must memorize the
irregular stem.
 Then add the “future
endings.”
These are the common verbs with an
irregular stem in the future.
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Hacer
Tener
Venir
Salir
Poder
Poner
Querer
Saber
har + ending
tendr + ending
vendr+ ending
saldr + ending
podr + ending
pondr + ending
querr + ending
sabr + ending
Here are a few more…
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Valer
Caber
Haber
Decir
valdr +ending
cabr + ending
habr + ending
dir + ending
The Present Perfect
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


English example: I have eaten already.
The Present perfect is constructed a different
way than the previous tenses.
It is a compound verb tense.
In other words, it is composed of 2 verbs.
The Present Perfect

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
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
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The present tense of the verb “haber” is
used. “Haber” means “to have”: it is only
used in the “Perfect” tenses
1. he
2. has
3. ha
4. hemos
5. han
The “Present Perfect” also requires a
“past participle.”
Form the “past participle” by dropping the “ar,
er, ir” ending.
 Add “ado” for “ar” verbs
 Add “ido” for “er and ir” verbs
Example: hablar
habl +ado=hablado
“Comer” turns into “comido”
“Vivir” turns into “vivido”

The Present Perfect uses “haber” and
a past participle.
Example:
Yo he hablado mucho hoy.
 “he” is the “yo” form of “haber.”
 “hablado” is the past participle of hablar.
In English, ”I have spoken a lot today or I have
talked a lot today.”
There are some common verbs that
form irregular “Past Participles.”
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Escribir
Hacer
Decir
Abrir
Romper
Ver
Volver
Poner
escrito
hecho
dicho
abierto
roto
visto
vuelto
puesto
The Past Perfect

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

English example: I had eaten already.
The Past perfect is constructed a different
way than the previous tenses.
It is a compound verb tense.
In other words, it is composed of 2 verbs.
The Past Perfect


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The Imperfect tense of the verb “haber” is
used. “Haber” means “to have”: it is only
used in the “Perfect” tenses
1. había
2. habías
3. había
4. habíamos
5. habían
The “Past Perfect” also requires a
“past participle,” just like
the “Present Perfect”
Form the “past participle” by dropping the “ar,
er, ir” ending.
 Add “ado” for “ar” verbs
 Add “ido” for “er and ir” verbs
Example: hablar
habl +ado=hablado
“Comer” turns into “comido”
“Vivir” turns into “vivido”

These are the same “Past Participles” as the
“Present Perfect”
The Past Perfect uses “haber” and a
past participle.
Example:
Yo había hablado mucho hoy.
 “había” is the “yo” form of “haber.”
 “hablado” is the past participle of hablar.
In English, ”I had spoken a lot today or I had
talked a lot today.”
What tense endings are these?
1. é
2. aste
3. ó
4. amos
5. aron
Preterite
What tense endings are these?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
o
as
a
amos
an
Present Indicative
What tense endings are these?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
é
ás
á
emos
án
Future
What tense endings are these?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
o
es
e
emos
en
Present Indicative
In which tense is this helping verb
used?

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1. he
2. has
3. ha
4. hemos
5. han
Present Perfect
What else do you need to
make the Present Perfect?
A “Past Participle”
What are these?
Hablado
Comido
Vivido
“Past Participles”
What is the past participle for
“escribir?”
Escribir
escrito
What is the “past participle” for “ver?”
 Visto

What is the “past participle” for “hacer?”
 Hecho

What is the “past participle” for “romper?”
roto