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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. ¾: A time signature representing 3 beats in a measure where the quarter note receives the beat 2/4: A time signature representing two beats in a measure where the quarter note receives the beat 4/4: A time signature representing 4 beats in a measure where the quarter note receives the beat A Cappella: Singing without instrumental accompaniment A tempo: The Italian term indicating to return to the original tempo. Accelerando: The Italian word indicating to gradually speed up. Accent: Symbol indicating the note is to be sung with extra force or stress. Accidentals: Sharps, flats or naturals occurring in a piece of music that are not in a key signature Accompaniment: A musical part (vocal or instrumental) that supports or provides background for other musical parts Accompanist: A performer who plays music that supports the main performer’(s) Alto: The lowest female singing voice Andante: A moderately slow walking tempo Arpeggio: “Broken chords” or notes of a chord sounded out at a time Arranger: A person who transfers music from one medium to another Ascending: A melodic line that raises in pitch Baritone: Second lowest male singing voice, between tenor and bass Barline: Divides the staff into measures Bass Clef: mainly used by the men and is also called the F clef Bass: The lowest male singing voice Beam: The horizontal line that connects notes into easily visible groups. Beat: The basic durational unit in a piece of music Choir: A large group of singers often associated with a church Choral: When pronounced with the accent on the first syllable, it refers to a vocal composition. Chord: Three or more pitches sounded simultaneously Chorus: A large group of singers. Often used for school groups and others not associated with a church Clef: A musical symbol used to indicate the pitch of written notes Common Time: An alternative way of identifying a time signature where there are 4 beats in a measure and the quarter note receives the beat Conductor: The leader of a musical ensemble who indicates through gestures or conducting patterns how the music should be interpreted Crescendo: to gradually become louder. Decrescendo: to gradually become softer. Descending: A melodic line that lowers in pitch Diaphragm: a muscular partition separating the abdominal and chest cavities and functioning in breathing. 33. Dotted Half Note: A note that receives 3 beats of sound in 4/4 time 34. Dotted Half Rest: A rest that receives 3 beats of silence in 4/4 time 35. Double Bar Line: A double vertical or heavy black line drawn through a staff to indicate the end of any of the main sections of a composition 36. Duet: Two performers, performing two different parts 37. Dynamics: The symbols used in music to tell how loud or soft to play 38. Eighth Note: A note that receives half a beat of sound in 4/4 39. Eighth Rest: A rest that receives half a beat of silence in 4/4 40. Ensemble: A group of musicians who perform together 41. Enunciation: To articulate or pronounce words especially clearly and distinctly 42. Fermata: A symbol indicating to hold a note longer than its normal duration 43. Flat: A symbol that lowers the pitch one half-step 44. Forte: Italian word that means loud. 45. Grand Staff: The combination of the bass and treble staves together which is used for notation 46. Half Note: A note that receives 2 beats of sound in 4/4 time 47. Half Rest: A rest that receives 2 beats of silence in 4/4 time 48. Harmony: The result produced when two or more tones are sounded simultaneously. 49. Interlude: a passage containing the main sections of a compostion 50. Interval: The pitch distance between two tones 51. Jazz: An American musical art from characterized by improvisation and rhythmic punctuation 52. Largo: A slow, broad tempo. 53. Larynx: The upper part of the trachea in the human throat, also called 'voice box', 'glottis', 'vocal apparatus', the seat of the variation in tone of the voice 54. Ledger Lines: Short horizontal lines representing an extension of the staff, drawn through the stems of notes too high or too low to be placed directly on the staff 55. Legato: to play or sing notes smoothly and connected. 56. Lines: Notes are written on 57. Lyricist: A person who writes words to songs 58. Measure: The space between two bar lines 59. Melody: A succession of single notes. 60. Mezzo Forte: Italian word meaning moderately loud 61. Mezzo Piano: The Italian word meaning moderately soft 62. Mezzo: The Italian term referring to medium 63. Natural: a symbol that cancels a previous sharp or flat. 64. Note: A pitched sound. 65. Phrase: A musical sentence with a beginning, middle, and end 66. Piano: Italian word that means soft. 67. Pitch: The location of a note related to its highness or lowness 68. Poco a poco: To change tempo or dynamics little by little 69. Quarter Note: A note that receives 1 beat of sound in 4/4 time 70. Quarter Rest: A rest that receives 1 beat of silence in 4/4 time 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. Range: The number of notes a particular voice can sing Repeat: A sign indicates that a musical section should be repeated. Rest: A symbol indicating a measured silence in music. Rhythm: The organization of music in time using long and short notes Ritardando: The Italian word indicating to gradually slow down. Sacred: Music with religious context Secular: Music with religious context. Sforzando: A sudden accented note usually followed by a piano marking Sharp: A symbol that raises the pitch one half-step Slur: A curved line notated above two or more notes that indicates they are to be played legato Soft Palate: A muscular portion located in the back of the roof of the mouth that separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity used for inhalation and exhalation 82. Solo: In music, one performer, alone 83. Soprano: The highest female singing voice 84. Spaces: Notes are written in 85. Spiritual: A musical art form by African Americans which combines African rhythms with melodies they heard in America 86. Staccato: To sing short and detached 87. Staff: The horizontal lines and spaces on which music is notated 88. Stage Presence: Proper deportment during a performance 89. Stave: The plural form of staff 90. Tempo: The speed or rate at which a song is sung or played 91. Tenor: The highest natural male singing voice 92. Tenuto: A symbol that indicates you should stress and extend the marked note 93. Tie: A curved line that joins two or more notes of the same pitch that last the duration of the combined note values 94. Time Signature: specifies how many beats are in each measure and what note value constitutes one beat. 95. Treble Clef: Mainly used by the women and is also called the G clef 96. Unison: When voice parts sound the same pitches and the same rhythms simultaneously 97. Vivace: The Italian word indicating a very fast tempo 98. Vocal Chords: The Organ of the voice by which we produce vocal sounds situated at the top of the wind pipe 99. Whole Note: A note that receives 4 beats of sound in 4/4 time 100. Whole Rest: A rest that receives 4 beats of silence in 4/4 time