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Score Reading Vocabulary Key signature: The sharps or flats that are placed at the beginning of a staff to indicate the key of the music Time Signature: A symbol with 2 numbers, one on top of the other (like a fraction), that indicates how many beats are in a measure; the bottom number indicates the type of notes that receives one beat Meter: The organization of beats and their divisions Tempo: The rate of speed at which beats are played Beat: Any pulsing unit of musical time Accidental: A marking used the raise and lower the indicated pitch; sharps raise the note a whole step, flats lower the note a half step, the naturals return the note to the original pitch Notation: The art of writing musical notes on paper Note: A symbol used to indicate the duration and pitch of sound, as in whole notes, and quarter notes Pitch: The highness or lowness of a tone Score: The written deception of all the individual parts sung or played by each of the voices or instruments in an ensemble Staff: An assembly of horizontal lines and spaces that represent different pitches Measure: A group of beats, indicated by the placement of bar lines on the staff Key: The relationship of tones with a common center or tonic (Also a lever on a keyboard or woodwind instrument) Bar Lines: The vertical line placed on the staff between measures Rhythm: The organization of sound in time; the arrangement of beats and accents in music Tonality: The organization of musical notes around a tonic, or home pitch, based on a major or minor scale or mode Tonic: The first note of a scale (“Do” in solfeggio), which serves as the home base Upbeat: The last of a measure as conducted; a weak beat which anticipated the downbeat (the first beat of the next measure) Common Time: The 4/4 time signature Syncopation: An accent on an unexpected beat – or the lack of an accent on an expected beat