Download Mendel Quiz 1. Who was Gregor Mendel? a) He was Charles

Mendel Quiz
1. Who was Gregor Mendel?
a) He was Charles Darwin’s British colleague
b) He was an Austrian monk
c) He was a botanist
d) He was a American environmentalist
2. What was Gregor Mendel’s contribution to science?
a) His discoveries on finches initiated the theory of natural selection
b) His work on dinosaurs led to the theory of evolution
c) His work on pea plants inheritance initiated the study of modern genetics
d) His discovery on DNA molecule allowed for deeper understanding of the structure of genes
3) Mendel believed that the traits of the pea plants are determined by
a) inheritance of genes from both parents
b) inheritance of genes from the dominant parent
c) health of the parent plants at the time of pollination
d) types of pollinating insects available in the season
4) The idea that different pairs of alleles are passed to offspring separately is Mendel’s principle
of :
a) unit inheritance
b) F1 generation law
c) segregation
d) independent assortment
Use the following diagram to answer question 5, 6 and 7.
Image obtained: http://naturalselection.0catch.com/Files/gregormendel.html
5) Assuming that both pea plant parents in the diagram above are homozygous, why would all
the f1 generation have yellow phenotypes?
a) because yellow phenotypes are dominant over green phenotypes
b) because both parents passed on the yellow alleles
c) because the f1 genotypes are homozygous
d) because the f1 genotypes are heterozygous
6) Predict the dominance of the colour phenotypes and the most likely genotypes of the f1
offspring possessing yellow colour
a) yellow offspring’s genotype is YY and yellow is the dominant gene.
b) yellow offspring’s genotype is Yy and yellow is the dominant gene.
c) yellow offspring’s genotype is YY and green is the dominant gene.
d) yellow offspring’s genotype is Yy and green is the dominant gene.
7) Assuming Y is the dominant allele, YY=yellow phenotype, Yy= yellow phenotype and
yy=green phenotype. Predict the most likely genotypes of the f2 offspring possessing yellow
colour and the green colour.
a) yellow offspring’s genotype is YY and green offspring’s genotype is YY.
b) yellow offspring’s genotype is Yy and green offspring’s genotype is YY.
c) yellow offspring’s genotype is YY and green offspring’s genotype is Yy.
d) yellow offspring’s genotype is Yy and green offspring’s genotype is yy.
8) The idea that pair of alleles of either parent separate and only one allele from each parent is
passed on to the offspring is Mendel’s principle of :
a) unit inheritance
b) F1 generation law
c) segregation
d) independent assortment
9) Which of the following is not the reason Mendel selected pea plants to study?
a) Pea plants have a short life cycle
b) It is easier to breed pea plants
c) Pea plants could be cross-pollinated and self-pollinated
d) Pea plants produce pretty flowers
10) Which of the following was not a conclusion Mendel came up with at the conclusion of his
experiments on pea plants?
a) The inheritance of each trait is decided by “units” or “factors”
b) The number of offspring per plant affects the trait that is passed on in t he previous generation
c) Traits can skipped generations
d) For each trait, an individual inherits one “units” or “factors” from each parent
11. Genes are passed on
a) from one parent to the offspring
b) equally from both parents’ genes
c) from parent that is the same gender as the offspring
d) via the nucleus of the offspring’s cell
12. An allele is:
a) another word for a gene
b) a homozygous phenotype
c) a type of chromosome found in the cell
d) one of the possible forms of a gene
13. Genotype refers to
a) what genes the individual possess
b) the physical appearance of the individual
c) recessive alleles of the individual
d) inheritance of genes from the parents
14. Phenotype refers to
a) what genes the individual possess
b) the physical appearance of the individual
c) dominant alleles of the individual
d) homozygous genes from the parents
15. Which of the following is an example of homozygous dominant genotype?
a) height gene
b) short gene
c) TT
d) tt
16. Which of the following is an example of homozygous recessive genotype?
a) height gene
b) tall gene
c) TT
d) tt
Answer Key
1) b
2) c
3) a
4) d
5) a
6) b
7) d
8) c
9) d
10) b
11) b
12) d
13) a
14) b
15) c
16) d
Punnet Square Quiz
1. A pair of mice parents that are black in colour produced some offsprings that are white in
colour. Assuming black mice has “B” alleles, the genotypes of the parents are most probably
a) BB and bb
b) BB and Bb
c) Bb and Bb
d) bb and bb
2. Two heterozygous parents are crossed. What is the predicted ratio of the resulting offspring
with the dominant phenotype versus the recessive phenotype?
a) 1:1
b) 2:1
c) 3:1
d) 4:1
3. Most breeders of Dalmation dogs want dogs that are white in colour with small black spots.
One breeder breed two white Dalmation dogs with small black dots and the offsprings produced
contained some offspring with solid white coats, some offspring with large black spots and some
with small black spots. What is the probable genotype of the Dalmatians with small black spots?
a) homozygous dominant
b) homozygous recessive
c) heterozygous
d) sex-linked recessive
4. In guinea pigs, the phenotype for fur are rough hair (dominant) and straight hair (recessive). If
two heterozygous guinea pigs are crossed, the largest number of any one genotype of offspring
would be
a) homozygous straight hair
b) homozygous rough hair
c) heterozygous rough hair
d) intermediate between rough hair and straight hair
5. If an individual possesses two identical genes for a certain trait. This individual’s gene is said
to be
a) homozygous
b) heterozygous
c) dominant
d) hybrid
6. The physical appearance of a particular trait in an organism is referred to as a(n)
a) genotype
b) phenotype
c) allele
d) chromosome
7. The genetic disease called cystic fibrosis is a recessive gene. If both parents are heterozygous
for this trait, what is the probability that their offspring will be heterozygous?
a) 25%
b) 50%
c) 75%
d) 100%
8. In fruit flies, long wing is dominant over vestigial wing. If two flies that are homozygous
dominant and homozygous recessive for this trait are crossed, what is the probability that their
offspring will be heterozygous?
a) 25%
b) 50%
c) 75%
d) 100%
9. In peas, tall is dominant over short. If a heterozygous plant is crossed with a homozygous
recessive plant, what is the probability that the offspring will be short?
a) 25%
b) 50%
c) 75%
d) 100%
10. Brown hair color is dominant to blond hair color. If two brown-haired parents (heterozygous)
have one blond-haired child, what is the probability that their second child will have brown hair?
a) 25%
b) 50%
c) 75%
d) 100%
11. In squash, the allele for white fruits (W) is dominant over the allele for yellow (w). If a
white-fruited plant is crossed with a yellow-fruited plant and 50% of the offspring are yellow,
what are the possible genotypes of the parents and the offspring?
a. parents ______________________________
b. offspring ____________________________
In humans, there are two alleles for the hairline trait. The dominant trait is “H” with a widow’s
peak and the recessive trait is “h” for non-widow’s peak.
Image obtained from http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_Wkff0lN4kzo/R0nC6wqrwI/AAAAAAAAAGc/XllkIxtFMF4/s320/img_Bio_00129.jpg
12. A woman that is homozygous dominant and a man that is heterozygous have a child.
Calculate the probability that their child will have a widow’s peak.
a. Complete the following Punnet square. Place the female alleles on the first 2 rows, and the
male alleles on the first row of the second and third columns.
b. Complete the following table by writing the genotypes, genotype proportion annd phenotypes
of the child this couple will have.
Genotype
Genotype Proportion
Phenotype
c. The possible phenotype(s) of the child with the percentage/ratio.
______% widow’s peak
______% non-widow’s peak
Now you have accomplished monohybrid (1 trait) crosses, we want to see if you can accomplish
dihybrid (2 traits) crosses. The two traits we are selecting for peas are seed shape and seed
colour.
Image obtained from:
http://bioserv.fiu.edu/~walterm/human_online/inheritance/introduction_to_genetics_files/image0
02.gif
Seed shape:
Peas that are spherical are dominant, and we’ll pick “R” as the dominant allele. Wrinkled seeds
(“r”) are recessive.
Seed colour:
Peas that are yellow are dominant, and we’ll pick “Y” as the dominant allele. Green seeds (“y”)
are recessive.
The two parents we are selecting are YyRr x YyRr.
13. In the space below, fill in and complete the following Punnet square.
YR
Yr
yR
yr
YR
Yr
yR
yr
14. Complete the following table of the genotypes, genotype proportion and phenotypes
matching the information in the table above. (Y=allele for yellow, y=allele for green, R=allele
for round, r=allele for wrinkled.)
Genotype
Genotype Proportion
Phenotype
15. Write down the phenotype ratio of the offspring resulting from this cross.
______yellow-round: ______yellow-wrinkled: ______green-round: ______green-wrinkled
Answer Key
1) c
2) c
3) c
4) c
5) a
6) b
7) b
8) d
9) b
10) c
(multiple choice can be 2 points each)
11. In squash, the allele for white fruits (W) is dominant over the allele for yellow (w). If a
white-fruited plant is crossed with a yellow-fruited plant and 50% of the offspring are yellow,
what are the possible genotypes of the parents and the offspring?
a. parents: White fruited squash’s genotype is Ww and yellow fruited squah’s genotype is ww
b. offspring: 50% Ww and 50% ww
(a and b are each 4 points each for a total of 8 points)
12 a)
H
h
H
HH
Hh
H
HH
Hh
(each box is 1 point each for a total of 8 points)
12b)
Genotype
Genotype Proportion
HH
50%
Hh
50%
(each row is 4 points each for a total of 8 points)
12c)
100% widow’s peak
0% non-widow’s peak
Phenotype
Widow’s peak
Widow’s peak
13)
YR
Yr
yR
YYRR
YYRr
YyRR
YR
YYRr
YYrr
YyRr
Yr
YyRR
YyRr
yyRR
yR
YyRr
Yyrr
yyRr
yr
(each box is 1 point each for a total of 16 points)
14)
Genotype
Genotype Proportion
YYRR
1/16
YYRr
2/16 or 1/8
YYrr
1/16
YyRR
2/16 or 1/8
YyRr
4/16 or 1/4
Yyrr
2/16 or 1/8
yyRR
1/16
yyRr
2/16 or 1/8
yyrr
1/16
(each box is 1 point each for a total of 27 points)
yr
YyRr
Yyrr
yyRr
yyrr
Phenotype
Yellow and Round
Yellow and Round
Yellow and Wrinkled
Yellow and Round
Yellow and Round
Yellow and Wrinkled
Green and Round
Green and Round
Green and Wrinkled
15.
9 yellow-round: 3 yellow-wrinkled: 3 green-round: 1 green-wrinkled
(1 points for each ratio, for a total of 4 points)
Checking for Understanding Discussion Questions:
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What are alleles?
How are genotype and phenotypes different? Give an example of a situation in which
two organisms might have identical phenotypes but different genotypes.
What does it mean for a gene to be homozygous dominant, homozygous recessive, and
heterozygous?
Why can’t there be heterozygous dominant/recessive traits?
What is a Punnett square? Explain what the Punnett square shows.
What is a test cross? When would a breeder need to perform a test cross?
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How does a dihybrid cross differ from a monohybrid cross? Can a dihybrid cross be
modeled using a Punnett square? How would the Punnett square for a dihybrid cross
differ from one for a monohybrid cross?
What is the principle of independent assortment? Why is the principle of independent
assortment important when we consider dihybrid crosses? Could basic Punnett squares
be used to make predictions about dihybrid crosses if the principle of independent
assortment did not hold true?