Download What you need to Know for Chapter 1 Quiz

What you need to Know for Chapter 1 Quiz
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Review Introduction to Biochemistry note:
o Key definitions: energy (definition and laws), inorganic molecules,
organic molecules, acids, bases, pH, & buffers)
Review Organic Chemistry note:
o Key definitions: isomers (3 types), polymer, monomer, condensation
reaction, hydrolysis reaction, functional group, hydrocarbons (alkanes,
alkenes, and alkynes, cyclic hydrocarbons)
o Be able to recognize and name the functional groups we discussed.
o Be able to draw a condensation or hydrolysis reactions (for sugars,
lipids, and amino acids)
Review Carbohydrates Note:
o Key definitions: monosaccharide, disaccharide, polysaccharide, &
glycosidic linkage
o What is the function of carbohydrates?
o Be able to draw alpha glucose, beta glucose, galactose, and fructose
o Describe the differences between the different glycosidic linkages (i.e
alpha versus beta and location (1,4 vs 1,6).
o What are some common disaccharides?
o Describe the structure and function of key polysaccharides (starch,
glycogen, cellulose, and chitin)
Review Lipid Note:
o Key definitions: ester linkage
o What is the function of the difference classes of lipids?
o Explain general structural features of triglycerides, phospholipids,
waxes, and sterols (steroids)
o Compare fats to oils (saturated versus unsaturated – how do they differ?
Review Protein note:
o Key definitions: amino acids, essential amino acid, peptide bond
o What are the functions of polypeptides?
o Describe the general structure of amino acids – what is the R group?
o Describe the 4 levels of protein structure
o What important interactions keep peptides folded? What influences this
folding?
o What are enzymes? What factors affect their activity?
Review Nucleic Acids note:
o What is the general structure of a nucleotide?
o In which way are DNA and RNA nucleotides different/similar?
o Describe the structure of DNA, RNA, and ATP
Review Introduction to Metabolism note:
o Key definitions: metabolism, free energy, exergonic, endergonic, entropy)
o How do living cells maintain disequilibrium?
o Draw a graph of an endergonic reaction/exergonic reaction
Review Enzyme note:
o Key definitions: substrate, active site, allosteric site, inhibitor, activator,
cofactor, and coenzyme
o Describe the induced-fit model of enzyme activity
o Describe the different ways in which enzymes can be controlled
o Describe feedback inhibition