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Transcript
AP Biology Mrs. Morton Study Guide: Ch. 15 “The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance” Key terms: Chromosome theory of inheritance Wild type ` Mutant phenotype Sex-linked Linked genes Parental types Recombinants Genetic map Map unit Linkage map Duchenne muscular dystrophy Hemophilia Barr body nondisjunction aneuploidy trisomic monosomic polyploidy deletion duplication translocation inversion Down syndrome Turner syndrome Klinfelter syndrome genomic imprinting Fragile X syndrome Objectives: 1. Describe the contributions that Walter Sutton, Thomas Hunt Morgan, and Theodor Boveri made to the current understanding of chromosomal inheritance. 1. Define linkage and explain why linkage interferes with independent assortment. 2. Show how cross over frequencies are used to make chromosome maps. 3. Describe the inheritance of sex-linked gene such as color-blindness. 4. Explain how sex is genetically determined in humans and the significance of the SRY gene. 5. Describe the process of X-inactivation in female mammals. 6. Distinguish among nondisjunction, aneuploidy, trisomy, and polyploidy. Explain how these major chromosomal changes occur and describe the consequences. 7. Distinguish among deletions, duplications, inversions, and translocations. 8. Describe the type of chromosomal alterations implicated in the following human disorders: Down Syndrome, Klinfelter’s syndrome, extra Y, triple X, Turner’s syndrome 9. Define genomic imprinting. 10. Give some exceptions to the chromosome theory of inheritance. Explain why extranuclear genes are not limited in a Mendelian fashion and how they can contribute to disease.
