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Download Patterns of Inheritance 4. Sex-linked Recessive C. Nondisjunction
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Transcript
Patterns of Inheritance I. II. Two types A. Autosomal 1. Genes located on autosomes 2. Simple inheritance patterns B. Sex-linked (X-linked) 1. Genes located on sex chromosomes 2. Males (XY) a. Only inherit 1 allele because they only have 1 X chromosome b. The one allele comes from their mom 3. Females (XX) a. Inherit 2 alleles b. 1 allele from each parent c. X-chromosome inactivation i. A process that “turns off” one X chromosome in each cell Genetic Disorders A. Classifications of people 1. Unaffected: no copies of disease allele 2. Carrier: 1 disease allele, but not sick 3. Affected: has the disease B. Four kinds of inheritance 1. Autosomal Dominant 2. Autosomal Recessive 3. Sex-linked Dominant 4. Sex-linked Recessive C. Nondisjunction 1. Homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids do not separate properly during meiosis 2. Leads to aneuploidy a. Abnormal chromosome number 3. Examples: a. Autosomal: i. Trisomy 21 1. Down’s syndrome 2. 3 copies of chromosome 21 b. Sex-linked: i. Klinefelter Syndrome 1. XXY ii. Turner Syndrome 1. X
