Download Exam 4 Review - Iowa State University

Worksheet:
Exam 4 Review
Supplemental Instruction
Iowa State University
Leader:
Course:
Instructor:
Date:
Kelly
Biol 211 (1)
Roe
03/10/15
1.) What is a chromatid?
A) a chromosome in the G1 stage of mitosis
B) a replicate chromosome
C) a region that holds 2 chromosomes together
D) a structure in the cell composed of centrioles
E) extra-nuclear DNA
2.) If there are 20 chromatids in the cell, how many centromeres are there
A) 10
B) 20
C) 40
D) 60
E) 80
3.) Chromasomes first become visible during which phase of mitosis?
A) prometaphase
B) telophase
C) prophase
D) anaphase
E) metaphase
4.) In figure 1 above the stage labeled “C” represents
A) telophase
B) prophase
C) metaphase
D) anaphase
E) cytokinesis
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5.) In figure 1, the phases that precede and follow stage “A” are ___________ and_____________
respectively.
A) anaphase; cytokinesis
B) interphase, prophase
C) prophase; anaphase
D) prophase, metaphase
E) interphase; metaphase
6.) Looking through a microscope at some dividing cells, you note that the chromosomes are visible and
the stage most closely resemble that of the one labeled “A” in figure 1. What stage is it?
A) metaphase
B) prophase
C) anaphase
D) G1
E) interphase
7.) Asexual reproduction results in the production of identical offspring unless which of the following
occurs
A) natural selection
B) cloning
C) crossing over
D) mutation
E) environmental change
8.) If a species has a 2n number of chromosomes = 16 then which of the following is true?
A) The species is diploid with 32 chromosomes per cell
B) A gamete from this species contains 4 chromosomes
C) Each cell has 8 homologous pairs
D) The species has 16 sets of chromosomes per cell
E) None of the above
Use Table 1 to answer the following questions
Table 1
I Prophase I
V Prophase II
II Metaphase I
VI Metaphase II
III Anaphase I
VII Anaphase II
IV Telophase I
VIII Telophase II
9.) Tetrads of chromosomes visible, crossing over occurs.
A) I
B) II
C) VI
D) III
E) VII
10.) Centromeres of sister chromatids break apart, chromatids separate,
A) II
B) III
C) IV
D) V
E) VII
11.) Tetrads of chromosomes lined up in middle of cell, homologous chromosomes separate.
A) II
B) I
C) VI
D) III
E) VII
12.) Which of the following occurs in meiosis but not mitosis?
A) chromosome replication
B) synapsis of chromosomes
C) production of daughter cells
D) alignment of chromosomes at the center of cell
E) condensation of chromatin
13.) A human cell containing 22 autosomes and a Y chromosome is a
A) egg
B) zygote
C) sperm
D) a male somatic cell
E) a female somatic cell
14.) Which of the following happens at the conclusion of meiosis I?
A) homologous chromosomes are separated
B) the chromosome number per cell is conserved
C) sister chromatids are separated
D) four daughter cells are formed
E) the sperm cell fertilizes the egg
15.) A cross between a homozygous purple flowered and a homozygous white flowered pea plants results
in offspring with purple flowers. This demonstrates
A) blending inheritance
B) true breeding traits
C) dominance of one trait over another
D) a di-hybrid cross
E) a mistake by Mendel
16.) When you cross an organism that is homozygous recessive for a trait with one that is a heterozygote
for the same trait, what is the chance of producing homozygous recessive offspring?
A) 0%
B) 25%
C) 50%
D) 75%
E) 100%
17.) The rare llama-rabbit is known to have 2 traits: head shape (H) and tail length (T) that are controlled
by un-linked genes. The genotype of a stud-male llama-rabbit is HhTt. Which of the following is a
possible genotype found in his gametes?
A) HT
B) Hh
C) HhTt
D) Tt
E) H
18.) In llama-rabbits, big heads (H) are dominant to little heads (h) and long tails (T) are dominant to
short (t). If you cross the male above with a HHtt female what proportion of offspring will have big
heads and short tails?
A) 25%.
B) 50%
C) 75%
D) 100%
E) 0%.
19.) What proportion of offspring will have little heads?
A) 10%
B) 100%
C) 50%
D) 20%
E) 0%
20.) An organisms appearance or observable traits are referred to as its
A) genotype
B) phenotype
C) character
D) trait
E) dominant allele
21.) What is the chromosomal system for sex determination in mammals?
A) haploid-diploid
B) X-O
C) X-X
D) X-Y
E) Z-W
22.) Red-green color blindness in humans is a sex-linked recessive trait. A husband and a wife with
normal vision have a color-blind son. What are the genotypes of the parents?
A)Xc Xc and XcY
B) Xc Xc and XCY
C) XC XCand XcY
D) XC XC and XCY
E) XC Xc and XCY
23.) Which of the following statements is true?
A) The closer two genes are on a chromosome, the lower the probability of a crossing over event will
occur between them,
B) The observed frequency of recombination of two genes that are on the same chromosome has a
maximum value of 100%
C) All of the traits that Mendel studied are due to linked genes
D) Linked genes are found on different chromosomes
E) Crossing over occurs during prophase II of meiosis
Figure 2
A
W
3
E
5
G
12
24.) Figure 2, is a map of 4 genes (A, W, E, and G) and their relative distances on a chromosome.
Between which 2 genes would you expect the highest frequency of recombination?
A) A and W
B) A and E
C) A and G
D) E and G
E) W and E
25.) Using Figure 2, between which two genes would you expect the lowest frequency of recombination?
A) W and E
B) A and W
C) A and G
D) E and G
E) W and G
26.) Mendel’s law of segregations refers to
A) mitosis
B) alleles segregating during gamete production
C) the independent orientation of homologous chromosome pairs relative to each other
D) fertilization of the egg by an independent sperm
27.) Mendel’ slaw of independent assortment refers to
A) mitosis
B) alleles segregating during gamete production
C) the independent orientation of homologous chromosome pairs relative to each other
D) fertilization of the egg by an independent sperm
Mitosis
Interphase
M-phase
Briefly explain the highlights of each phase
Where are the Checkpoints? Why?
Meiosis
Meiosis 1
Briefly explain the highlights of each phase
Meisosis 2
Mitosis vs. Meiosis
Is there genetic diversity introduced?
(What are sources of genetic diversity?)
What is the result?
When is the DNA replicated?
What cells are involved?
What different terminology is used?
What special events occur in one, but not the other?
Punnett Square Practice: (This is easier than what will be on the exam to demonstrate test
crosses, independent assortment, and dependent assortment(linkage). Therefore, I highly
recommend doing Dr. Roe's practice worksheet on BlackBoard!
P: RRHH and rrhh (Determine the F1 generation)
F1:
F2: Do a test cross assuming all genes are assorting independently.
P: EEAA and eeaa
F1:
F2: Do a test cross assuming genes are dependently assorting
Sex linked: If the mother is a carrier for colorblindness XCB then what ratio of her children will
be colorblind? (The father is not colorblind.)
What is it?
Examples?
Incomplete Dominance
Multiple Alleles
Polygenic Inheritance
Pleiotropy
Genomic Imprinting
Organelle genes
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Terms to know....
Chromosome
Centrosome
Sister
Chromatids
Chromatin
Centrioles
Centromere
Kinetichore
Mitotic
Spindle
Microtubules
Checkpoints
(G1, G2, M)
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Homologous
Chromosomes
Crossing Over
Chisasma
Synapsis
Benign
Malignant
Radiation
Chemotherapy
Henrietta
Lacks
Blending
Hypothesis
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Particulate
Hypothesis
Locus
Gene
Allele
Character
Trait
Genotype
Phenotype
Dominant
Recessive
Heterzygote
Homozygote
Monohybrid
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*All of these terms are important, but make sure you can distinguish between the
highlighted ones.
Dihybrid
Law of
Segregation
Law of
Independent
Assortment
Wildtype
Mutant
Vestigial
Recombinant
Parental