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Name: ___________________________________ Biology-________
Date __________
Characteristics of Bacteria Worksheet
Big Idea!
Bacteria are microscopic organisms that lack a membrane-bound nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
Ideas
Bacteria are usually unicellular prokaryotes.
Bacteria reproduced by binary fission or conjugation.
Bacteria can survive harsh conditions by forming endospores.
Part A
Match each lettered part of the diagram to its
cell structure by writing its letter on the line
provided.
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
DNA
Cell membrane
Flagella
Cell Wall
Pili
Cytoplasm
Part B
Match each term in Column B with its description in Column A by writing its letter on the line provided.
_____ 1. small pieces of circular DNA
_____ 2. chromosome replication, followed by cell division
a. binary fission
b. conjugation
c. endospore
_____ 3. special, dehydrated cell formed when conditions are unfavorable
_____ 4. exchange of genetic material through cell-to-cell contact
_____ 5. hair-like structures on the surface of bacteria
d. pili
e. plasmid
Part C
1. How does binary fission differ from
conjugation?
2. What is a way in which Bacteria can
share genetic information?
Identify the Domain and Group of
prokaryotes based on the descriptions given below.
3. Live in very salty environments such as Great Salt Lake. ______________________________
4. Live in very hot environments such as thermal vents. ______________________________
5. Chemoautotrophs that form methane from Hydrogen sulfide.
______________________________
List 3 ecological benefits for the Domain Bacteria. 6. ____________________________________________
7. ____________________________________________
8.____________________________________________
Name and Describe the 3 shapes of bacteria.
9. ______________ 10. _________________________________________________________________
11. ______________ 12. _________________________________________________________________
13. ______________ 14. _________________________________________________________________
15. Streptococcus and Staphylococcus are examples of which shape of bacteria. _____________________
16. What is the difference between Gram Positive and Gram Negative?
17. What are three types of environments in which archaebacteria are found?
18. Where is the genetic material of a bacterium found?
19. What structure do some bacteria use to move?
20. Compare/Contrast Archaea and Eubacteria
TERMS:
Unicellular
thrive in extreme conditions
form colonies
Prokaryotic
can live without oxygen
Plasmid DNA
thermophiles
some aerobic and some
anaeorobic
Cell wall
methanogens
Pili
halophiles
flagella
live everywhere
Archaea ONLY
Eubacteria ONLY
come in different shapes
E.coli is an example
Peptidoglycan in cell wall
Archaea & Eubacteria
Archaea – early or primitive
- Derived from one of the oldest groups of living organisms on earth
- They thrive under extreme conditions (conditions that other organisms cannot tolerate)
- Many live without oxygen
- 3 types: thermophiles, methanogens, halophiles
- Thermophiles live in extremely HOT environments (over 45) like hot springs
- Methanogens grow on H2 and CO2 to procude methane gas, foundin places LOW in O2 like deep sea vents,
swamps, intestines (these are decomposers)
- Halophiles live in very salt environments
Eubacteria – more common bacteria that are found everywhere
- Shape - (coccus, bacillus, spirillus), formation of colonies
- Cell wall composition – amount of peptidoglycan in their cell wall
- respiration: aerobic (use oxygen) and anaerobic bacteria (don’t use oxygen, use sulphur)
- Anaerobic example  (e. Coli is an example of this).
- what they eat (autotrophs, chemosynthetic, heterotrophs)
- autotrophs – make their own food from inorganic substances
- heterotrophs – break down organic compounds for energy (most bacteria are heterotrophs)
- chemosynthetic – use chemical reactions as their energy source
- Asexually reproduce by binary fission
- Sexually reproduce by conjugation
- optimum conditions for bacteria to survive? – constant temperature, standard food source