Download Greece Packet 2009

Classical Greece: 2000BC-300BC
5.1 Cultures of the Mountains and Sea
I.
Geography of Greece
a. Geography shaped Greek
b. Sea
i.
c.
Land
i. 75% mountains divided Greece into
ii.
iii.
d. Climate
i.
II.
Mycenaean Civilization
a. Mycenaeans 2000-1100 BC
i. Settled in
ii. Fortified city with
b. Minoans
i. Lived on the island of
ii. Influenced Mycenaeans—basis for
c.
Trojan War
i.
ii.
iii. Archaeological evidence supports the legend of
III.
The Dorians: 1150-750 BC
a. Following the collapse of the Mycenaean civilization, the
i. Much less
1. economy collapsed,
b. Homer
i.
ii.
iii.
1.
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Label on the map of
Greece: use the maps on
pages: 121, 124, 132, 137
Empires
Greece (green)
Persian Empire (purple)
Bodies of Water (blue)
Aegean Sea
Gulf of Corinth
Ionian Sea
Mediterranean Sea
City-States/settlements
(red)
Abdera
Acanthus
Aenus
Argos
Athens
Corinth
Crete
Cyclades
Delos
Delphi
Knossos
Methone
Mycenae
Olympia
Potidaea
Rhodes
Sparta
Thebes
Tiryns
Mt. Olympus (brown)
Map of Ancient Greece
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5.2 Warring City-States
I.
Greek city-states: 750 BC
a. Greek polis: political unit
i. 50-500 square
ii. Fewer than
b. Acropolis:
c.
Several forms of
i.
II.
Athens and Democracy
a. Draco—621BC
i. Everyone is equal under the
ii. Harsh punishments:
b. Solon—594BC
i.
ii. 4 social classes based on
1.
iii.
c.
Cleisthenes—500BC
i. Organized citizens into 10 districts by
ii. All citizens could
iii. Council of Five Hundred
iv.
III.
Athenian Culture
a. Citizenship
i. Only free adult male
ii.
b. Education
i. Sons of wealthy landowners
ii. Girls were educated at
IV.
Sparta
a. Region of Peloponnesus, cut off by
b. Messenians revolt 
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c.
Government
i.
d. Social Classes
i. Ruling landowning families, free nonV.
Daily Life in Sparta
a. Service to Sparta over
b. Focused on
c.
Disregard for the
d. Military training from
e. Girls received some
VI.
The Persian Wars: Greece vs. Persian Empire
a. Iron replaced
b. 546—Persians conquer Ionia, Athens sends help, Darius vows to
i. Some city-states surrendered/some
c.
Marathon
i. 25,000 Persians vs. 10,000
ii. Persian
d. Pheidippides ran 26 miles from Marathon to
i.
ii. Greek army arrived to defend
iii. Persian
VII.
Thermopylae and Salamis—480BC
a. Xerxes wanted
b. 7,000 Greeks blocked the narrow pass at
i. Held for 3 days
c.
Themistocles: abandon Athens and fight at
i. Assembled in a channel near Salamis
ii. Xerxes burned
iii.
1.
VIII.
Persian War
a. Final Persian defeat at
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b. Delian League—478BC
i. Alliance between
ii. Eventually ended all
iii. Athens emerged as the
c.
Consequences
i.
ii.
5.3 Democracy and Greece’s Golden Age
I.
The Golden Age of Athens 477-431BC
a. Pericles
i.
b. 1. Strengthen democracy
i.
ii.
c.
2. Strengthen the empire
i.
ii.
d. Glorify Athens
i.
II.
Peloponnesian War 431-404BC
a. Sparta declared war on
b. Athens
i.
ii.
iii.
c.
Sparta
i.
ii.
d. Truce in
e. Athenians attempted
i.
f. Athens fended off
g. Athens surrendered in 404BC losing their
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Philosophers of Ancient Greece Chart
Socrates
Plato
Aristotle
Early Life
Philosophy/Major
Contributions
Critics/Conflict
Death/Legacy
5.4 Alexander’s Empire
I.
Macedonia
a. King Philip II—359BC
i. Wanted
ii.
iii.
b. Athens and Thebes joined forces too
i.
c.
End of Greek
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i. City-states retained self-government locally, but under
d. After Philip’s murder, his son Alexander
II.
Alexander the Great
a. Plans to invade and conquer
b. Invasion
i. Alexander’s 35,000 soldiers met by 40,000
ii. VICTORY:
c.
Issus
i.
ii. Alexander’s troops broke through the Persian line heading directly for
III.
Conquering the Persian Empire
a. Alexander rejects
b. Egypt—332BC
i. Crowned Alexander
ii.
c.
Mesopotamia
i.
ii. VICTORY:
iii.
iv.
d. Alexander followed Darius to
e. Indus Valley—326BC
i. VICTORY:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5. Alexander died days later at the age of
f.
3 new leaders
i.
ii.
iii.
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5.5 The Spread of Hellenistic Culture: Read the section and answer the questions below. Next, make a six-panel
brochure about Hellenistic culture. You must include mathematics, astronomy, philosophy, physics and
Alexandria. Every panel must be covered.
1. How did Alexander’s conquests affect Greek culture?
2. What influences blended to form the new Hellenistic culture?
3. Which city was the center of commerce and Hellenistic civilization? What attractions lured visitors to this city?
4. What attraction lured visitors to this city?
Lost Civilizations: Greece
1.
During the ____ century, Athens became even more powerful as many city-states and islands turned to her for
____________________.
2.
Under whose leadership was the Parthenon built? The Parthenon was built to honor the goddess, ____________.
3.
When did Pericles come to power? How did he pay for Athens’ beautification?
4.
Athens was completed in _______ years. Who was allowed to vote in Athens?
5.
Deliberations were made in _________________.
6.
Athenians had a passion for _________________.
7.
Who was the god of the sea? (the statue was found by divers) Where did the gods live?
8.
_________________ was the ruler of the gods. Apollo is the god of ___________________.
9.
How did drama originate?
10. To the Greeks a beautiful _____________ was just as important as a beautiful mind.
11. Originally athletes competed in the _____________ and _________________ were excluded.
12. Why was Socrates brought to trial? What was the outcome of his trial?
13. The plague killed ____________ of the Athenian population.
14. Who defeated the Athenians in 404BC? Who became the scapegoat for the decline of Athens?
15. How long did it take to build the original Parthenon?
16. How many lived in Athens?
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STUDY GUIDE
Geography
Sea
Land
Mycenaeans
Minoans
Trojan War
Dorians
Homer
Greek city-state/polis
Types of government in city-states
Athens
Democracy
Draco
Solon
Cleisthenes
Athenian culture
Citizenship
Education
Sparta
Geography
Daily life/culture
Persian Wars
Significance of iron
Darius
Marathon
Xerxes
Thermopylae
Salamis
Themistocles
Delian League
Golden Age of Athens
Pericles—3 goals
Peloponnesian War
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Plato
Socrates
Aristotle
Macedonia
King Philip II
Chaeronea
Alexander the Great
Darius
Granicus River
Issus
Egypt
Mesopotamia
Indus Valley
Death of Alexander
End of the Persian Empire/Three new leaders
Hellenistic culture
Philosophy
Physics
Mathematics
Astronomy
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