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Cells and Viruses/Bacteria DQ 2013-2014 2/4/2014 1. What is the role of the mitochondrion in cells? A. It converts sunlight to energy. C. It transports water throughout the cell. Name: ________________________________ 1 B. It controls all functions of the cell. D. It breaks down sugar to release energy. Justify---__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Liz is examining a plant cell under a microscope. She sees many small green organelles inside the cell. Her teacher explains that the process of photosynthesis takes place inside these organelles. What organelles are Liz looking at? A. Golgi apparatus B. chloroplasts C. mitochondria D. ribosomes Justify---__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Which characteristic distinguishes a plant cell from an animal cell? A. cell membrane B. vacuole C. nucleus D. cell wall Justify---__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 4. What part of the cell has a similar function to a school security guard, whose job it is to control who enters and leaves the school? A. nucleus B. Golgi body C. mitochondrion D. cell membrane Justify---__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Which cell structure carries out a function for a cell that is similar to the function that bark carries out for a tree? A. cell wall B. nucleus C. chloroplast D. mitochondrion Justify---__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 6. Which of these is a characteristic of body cells that require large amounts of energy? A They have a large number of mitochondria. B They have a supplementary Y chromosome. C They have a two-layer membrane. D They have a storage area for albumin proteins. Justify---__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 7. Which of the following organelles use carbon dioxide to produce sugars? A vacuoles B ribosomes C chloroplasts D mitochondria Justify---__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 8. Which molecule provides most of the energy used to drive chemical reactions in cells? A. DNA B. RNA C. ATP D. ADP Justify---__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ Cells and Viruses/Bacteria DQ 2013-2014 2/5/2014 Name: ________________________________ 2 1. Why are photosynthesis and cellular respiration often considered opposites? A. Photosynthesis produces twice as many ATP molecules as cellular respiration does. B Water is released during photosynthesis and consumed during cellular respiration. C Photosynthesis occurs during the day, and cellular respiration occurs at night. D Oxygen is produced during photosynthesis and used during cellular respiration. Justify---__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 2. During photosynthesis in plants, what is the source of the carbon in the sugar molecule (C6H12O6)? A carbon dioxide in the air B carbon monoxide in the air C carbon particles in the soil D carbon particles in water Justify---__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Cell membranes perform all the following functions except — A making nutrients for cells B holding cytoplasm within cells C regulating substances exiting cells D recognizing other cells Justify---__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 4. What is the main function of a vacuole? A. storage of water B. synthesis of energy C. replication of DNA D. formation of proteins Justify---__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Research has led scientists to conclude that fevers help the human body fight infection by elevating body temperatures and causing parts of the immune system to work better. Which statement does this conclusion best support? A. Fevers are a disruption of homeostasis. B. Fevers should immediately be treated with medication. C. Fevers are a necessary part of maintaining homeostasis. D. Fevers are rarely caused by bacterial infections. Justification: ____________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 6. All of the following symptoms are likely associated with bacterial infection except — A. skin rashes or lesions B. elevated body temperature C. swollen glands or tissues D. increased red blood cell count Justification: ____________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 7. Viruses differ from bacteria in that all viruses — A. must be reproduced in living cells B. can be destroyed by antibiotics C. cause insect-borne diseases D. have rigid cell walls Justification: ____________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Cells and Viruses/Bacteria DQ 2013-2014 2/6/2014 Name: ________________________________ 3 1. The cell shown in the diagram is found in which type of organism? A. bacterium B. moss C. yeast D. paramecium Justify--___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ 2. Antibiotics are a type of medicine that kills bacteria. Antibiotics can be used to fight bacterial infections. Which of the following diseases could antibiotics be used to treat? A. yellow fever B. AIDS C. strep throat D. common cold Justification: ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 3. Why is it important to wash and protect cuts and open wounds? A. to prevent a scab from forming B. to remove dirt only C. to make it bleed more D. to remove dirt and prevent infection Justify---__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Which of the following hurts the body by interfering with its ability to get oxygen? A. a virus in the eye B. bacteria that infect lung tissue C. a fungus that grows on the skin D. parasites in the intestines Justification: ____________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 5. Some infections, particularly those of the mucus membrane, are caused by a type of fungal microorganism. Although this fungus is usually harmless in small amounts, if it is allowed to multiply in the human body, it can become painful and, in rare cases, even lead to death. What type of microorganism is this? A. bacterium B. parasite C. virus D. yeast Justification: ____________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 6. Which of these does a virus need in order to multiply? A. Chloroplasts from a host cell B. A host cell to provide oxygen for the virus C. New ADP from a host cell D. A host cell to replicate the virus’s DNA Justification: ____________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Cells and Viruses/Bacteria DQ 2013-2014 Name: ________________________________ 4 2/7/2014 1. Lactose is a naturally occurring sugar found in milk. Some dairy products, such as yogurt, may contain live bacteria. These products are useful to people who lack the ability to digest lactose. What does this information demonstrate? A Some bacteria are beneficial to human health. B Some bacteria interfere with digestion. C Bacteria can prevent insulin production. D Bacteria raise the acidity of processed foods. Justification: ____________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 2. The myxoma virus was used to control an overpopulation of European rabbits in Australia. When first introduced in the mid-1900s, the virus greatly reduced the European rabbit population. Today the virus is not an effective control of the European rabbit population. Fewer European rabbits are affected by the virus today because they have — A. learned to avoid the virus B. moved away from infected areas C. undergone a change in diet D. developed resistance to the virus Justification: ____________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 3. Which of these events is most likely to cause a widespread influenza outbreak? A. People in northern regions are affected by weather patterns. B. The influenza virus is recognized by host immune systems. C. Global warming causes increased winter precipitation. D. People lack immunity to a new strain of flu virus. Justification: ____________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 4. Which of these conditions is caused by bacteria? A. AIDS B. Seasonal allergies C. Dental cavities D. Colds Justification: ____________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 5. Streptococcus infection in a person’s throat can cause pain and fever. Streptococcus can be controlled by antibiotics. Streptococcus is a — A. virus B. bacterium C. protozoan D. fungus Justification: ____________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 6. People infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have an increased risk of dying from secondary infections. Which of these best explains how HIV increases the danger of secondary infections? A HIV produces antigens that damage red blood cells. B HIV adds genetic material from harmful microbes. C HIV destroys helper T cells. D HIV consumes beneficial microbes in the body. Justification: ____________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________
