Download 8.L.1.1 Vocabulary

Microbe
- Microscopic organisms that exist as
single cells (unicellular) or cell clusters
(colonies).
- Microbiology is the study of microbes.
Disease
a disorder of structure or function in a human
Types of Diseases
1. infectious (spreads from person to person)
2. deficiency (lack of something)
3. genetic (mutation in genes, can be
inherited)
4. physiological (body parts malfunction)
Virus
A nonliving infectious agent that affects cells
of almost all types of organisms.
Nonliving things do not reproduce; viruses
replicate their DNA/RNA inside a host cell.
Antibiotics will not destroy viruses.
Chicken pox, flu, HIV/AIDS, shingles, the
common cold, mono, herpes, HPV, and
mumps
Host cell
Cell that has been attacked by a virus
The cell is brainwashed into making new
viruses using the host cell’s DNA.
Bacteria
Single celled microscopic organisms
Bacteria reproduces exponentially (very
fast)
Examples of bacterial causing diseases:
Salmonella, typhoid, cholera, the plague,
syphilis, gonorrhea, tuberculosis,
pneumonia
Fungi
A group of organisms that include molds,
yeasts, and mushrooms
Can be unicellular or multicellular
Examples of fungal diseases: Candida
(yeast infections), ringworm, athlete’s
foot,
Pathogen
An organism or substance capable of
causing disease.
Virus, bacteria, fungus, and parasite.
Antibiotic
A substance that is used to prevent
microorganisms from causing disease
Antibiotic resistant is when a bacteria is
no longer effected by a antibiotic in
curing or preventing disease.
Antibiotics can only cure bacterial
diseases. NOT VIRAL!
Vaccine
A medical treatment that is used to
stimulate the immune system against a
particular disease
contagion
A disease causing agent or something
that causes a disease to spread
vector
an organism, typically a biting insect or
tick, that transmits a disease or parasite
from one animal or plant to another.
Ticks are vectors for Lyme disease