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Mendelian Genetics/Pedigree/Meiosis Study Guide
1. Define the following: Heredity, trait, allele, gene, gamete, heterozygous, homozygous, genetics, monohybrid
cross, filial.
2. Who is regarded as the father of genetics?
3. What are Mendel’s 4 laws?
4. What is a dominant trait and how is it represented?
5. What is a recessive trait and how is it represented?
6. What is a phenotype?
7. What is a genotype?
8. What did Mendel experiment on?
Monohybrid Punnett Square
9. Matt recently met a cute brown-haired girl, Kayli, in Biology class. Use your knowledge of genetics to
answer the questions below.
(a) If Kayli’s father is a heterozygous brown-haired and her mother has blonde hair, what is her
genotype?
Create and complete the Punnett square to show the possible genotypes that would result to help
you determine Kayli’s genotype.
(b) Matt is heterozygous for his brown hair. What is his genotype?
(c) Complete a Punnett square to show the possibilities that would result if Matt & Kayli had
children.
(d) List the possible genotypes and phenotypes for the kids.
(e) What is the probability of kids with blonde hair?
(f) What is the probability of kids with brown hair?
10. Explain how a person inherits a recessive disorder.
11. Explain how a person inherits a dominant disorder.
12. What is a pedigree? ***You also need to know how to read one. See Fig 12-2 on p.310 for an example
13. Explain cystic fibrosis. What race does it mainly affect?
14. Explain Tay-Sachs Disease. In some cases, when does death occur to a person with it?
15. What happens to a person with Huntington’s disease? When do the symptoms start to appear?
16. If you see a phenotype that is a mixture of two dominant traits, is this codominance or incomplete
dominance? Ex. Red (R) and white (W) flower color produces a pink (RW) flower.
17. If you see a phenotype that is shows both of the two dominant traits, is this codominance or incomplete
dominance? Ex. Black (B) and white (W) cats produce a white cat with black spots (BW).
18. What is a sex-linked disorder?
19. Explain X-linked inheritance.
20. Explain Y-linked inheritance.
21. What does polygenic inheritance mean? Would eye color and height be an example?
22. In a karyotpe (a map of all of a person’s chromosomes), which ones are autosomes?
23. What are the 8 factors that can also influence gene expression?
24. Define: diploid, haploid, meiosis, homologous chromosome, crossing over, genetic recombination,
nondisjunction, tetrad, & polyploidy
25. A. What is the difference between a diploid cell and a haploid cell?
B. When diploid cells divide, what is this called? What about when haploid cells divide?
26. What gamete comes from a father? From a mother?
27. Make a chart of the stages of meiosis (in order) and what happens during each phase.
28. Compare/contrast mitosis & meiosis.