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Standard #: SC.912.L.14.22 This document was generated on CPALMS - www.cpalms.org Describe the physiology of nerve conduction, including the generator potential, action potential, and the synapse. Subject Area: Science Grade: 912 Body of Knowledge: Life Science Standard: Organization and Development of Living Organisms A. Cells have characteristic structures and functions that make them distinctive. B. Processes in a cell can be classified broadly as growth, maintenance, reproduction, and homeostasis. C. Life can be organized in a functional and structural hierarchy ranging from cells to the biosphere. D. Most multicellular organisms are composed of organ systems whose structures reflect their particular function. Date Adopted or Revised: 02/08 Content Complexity Rating: Level 2: Basic Application of Skills & Concepts - More Information Date of Last Rating: 05/08 Status: State Board Approved Related Courses Course Number 2000360: Course Title Anatomy and Physiology Honors (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 and beyond (current)) Related Resources Lesson Plan Name Description In this lesson, students will analyze an informational text intended to support reading in the content area. The article presents exciting new research findings regarding axon generation in scar tissue formation following spinal cord injury. Astrocytes were once thought to decrease the growth of Astrocytes Got Your Back new axon connections, but now these important cells have been shown to actually stimulate growth and connections in the neural network. The lesson plan includes a note-taking guide, text-dependent questions, a writing prompt, answer keys, and a writing rubric. Numerous options to extend the lesson are also included. This a inquiry investigates plasmolysis in plant cells when exposed to NaCl solution. The ionic solution causes the water within the cell to move out and the cell membrane shrinks Plasmolysis in Plant Cells inward. Students will prepare wet mount slides, view, draw, record time data for plasmolysis, and analyze the data generated. This lesson provides a description of the anatomy and physiology of the nerve cell/neuron. Vocabulary words, diagrams of the nerve cell, and the steps of nerve conduction are presented in this lesson. This lesson also includes a hands-on The Nerve Cell: It's All About activity for making and edible nerve cell, group discussion, Connection group activities, diagram worksheets, sentence completion worksheets, and assessments that require written responses from the students to describe how nerve cells transmit information from one cell to another. Tutorial Name Nerve Impulse Transmission The Nerve Impulse Description The transmission of a nerve impulse along a neuron from one end to the other occurs as a result of electrical changes across the membrane of the neuron. This tutorial will help students to visualize and understand the transmission of a nerve impulse. This tutorial explains that the source of the impulse in a neuron is a rapid change in the polarity of the cell membrane in a restricted area. The direction of the electrical gradient is rapidly reversed and then returns to normal. The change in charge Voltage-Gated Channels and the Action Potential stimulates the process to happen in adjacent parts of the cell and the change in the polarity travels down the neuron. This tutorial explains how a charge is generated across a membrane. The function and role of the voltage-gated sodium ion channel and voltage-gated potassium ion channel are explained in detail. Virtual Manipulative Name Nerve Signaling Game Neuron Description This game is based on several Novel Prizes in Physiology or Medicine from 1906 until today that have been awarded for discoveries related to nerve signaling. Student playing the game will learn... -How are nerve cells composed? -How do nerve cells carry the signals that coordinate all the activities in our body? -How has the research into neuroscience developed through the 20th century? In this simulation, you will explore how neurons conduct electrical impulses by using the action potential. This phenomenon is generated through the flow of positively charged ions across the neuronal membrane. Stimulate a neuron and monitor what happens. You can pause, rewind, and move forward in time in order to observe the ions as they move across the neuron membrane. Other ways to explore: Describe why ions can or cannot move across neuron membranes. Identify leakage and gated channels, and describe the function of each. Describe how membrane permeability changes in terms of different types of channels in a neuron. Describe the sequence of events that generates an action potential. Text Resource Name New Role Identified for Scars at the Site of Injured Spinal Cord Description Recent research funded by the National Institutes of Health points to scar tissue being beneficial to nerve regrowth in spinal injury. Previously it was believed scar tissue prevented nerve regrowth, but this new research shows that astrocyte scars may actually be required for repair and regrowth following spinal cord injury. Student Resources Name Description The transmission of a nerve impulse along a neuron from one end to the other occurs as a result of electrical changes across the membrane of the neuron. This tutorial will help students to visualize and understand the transmission of a nerve impulse. This game is based on several Novel Prizes in Physiology or Medicine from 1906 until today that have been awarded for discoveries related to nerve signaling. Student playing the game will learn... Nerve Signaling Game -How are nerve cells composed? -How do nerve cells carry the signals that coordinate all the activities in our body? -How has the research into neuroscience developed through the 20th century? In this simulation, you will explore how neurons conduct electrical impulses by using the action potential. This phenomenon is generated through the flow of positively charged ions across the neuronal membrane. Stimulate a neuron and monitor what happens. You can pause, rewind, and move forward in time in order to observe the ions as they move across the neuron membrane. Other ways to explore: Nerve Impulse Transmission Neuron The Nerve Impulse Describe why ions can or cannot move across neuron membranes. Identify leakage and gated channels, and describe the function of each. Describe how membrane permeability changes in terms of different types of channels in a neuron. Describe the sequence of events that generates an action potential. This tutorial explains that the source of the impulse in a neuron is a rapid change in the polarity of the cell membrane in a restricted area. The direction of the electrical gradient is rapidly reversed and then returns to normal. The change in charge stimulates the process to happen in adjacent parts of the cell and the change in the polarity travels down the neuron. Voltage-Gated Channels and the Action Potential This tutorial explains how a charge is generated across a membrane. The function and role of the voltage-gated sodium ion channel and voltage-gated potassium ion channel are explained in detail. Parent Resources Name Description This game is based on several Novel Prizes in Physiology or Medicine from 1906 until today that have been awarded for discoveries related to nerve signaling. Student playing the game will learn... Nerve Signaling Game -How are nerve cells composed? -How do nerve cells carry the signals that coordinate all the activities in our body? -How has the research into neuroscience developed through the 20th century? In this simulation, you will explore how neurons conduct electrical impulses by using the action potential. This phenomenon is generated through the flow of positively charged ions across the neuronal membrane. Stimulate a neuron and monitor what happens. You can pause, rewind, and move forward in time in order to observe the ions as they move across the neuron membrane. Other ways to explore: Neuron Describe why ions can or cannot move across neuron membranes. Identify leakage and gated channels, and describe the function of each. Describe how membrane permeability changes in terms of different types of channels in a neuron. Describe the sequence of events that generates an action potential.