Download Study Guide for Final #1

Study Guide #1 for Final
(Chapters 1- 6)
Chapter 1
Vocabulary Terms
matter
chemistry
organic chemistry
inorganic chemistry
biochemistry
analytical chemistry
physical chemistry
scientific method
theory
Topics to Know
1.) Know the parts of the scientific method and how they relate to each other.
2.) Know the difference between pure (basic) and applied chemistry and how they both
contribute to the knowledge base in chemistry.
3.) What is the difference between the macroscopic view and the microscopic view?
Chapter 2
Vocabulary Terms
mass
volume
extensive properties
intensive properties
chemical change
product
substance
physical change
mixture
solution
chemical reaction
phase
heterogeneous mixture
homogeneous mixture
element
compound
reactant
Topics to Know
1.) Know what extensive and intensive properties are.
2.) Know what the three states of matter are and how matter changes from one state to
another.
3.) Know what physical properties are and be able to give examples.
4.) Know what physical changes are and how they are different from chemical changes.
5.) Know the difference between heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures.
6.) Know the difference between an element and a compound.
7.) Know what chemical changes are and what occurs during the course of a chemical
change.
8.) Know some signs that a chemical reaction has occurred.
9.) Know what the law of conservation of mass states.
Chapter 3
Vocabulary Terms
accuracy
density
precision
scientific notation
Topics to Know
1.) Know how to write numbers in scientific notation.
2.) Describe the difference between accuracy and precision.
3.) Know how to determine significant figures when multiplying, dividing, subtracting,
and adding measurements.
4.) Know the prefixes used in the metric system and what they mean.
Chapter 4
Vocabulary Terms
atom
nucleus
electrons
atomic number
protons
mass number
atomic mass
period
group
neutrons
isotopes
Topics to Know
1.) Know who the important contributors were who helped to derive the different models
of the atom. Know what their contributions were.
2.) Be able to describe Dalton’s atomic theory.
3.) Know where the three different subatomic particles are located, their charges, and
their relative sizes.
4.) Know what the difference is between the different isotopes of an atom.
5.) Given the mass number and the atomic number, be able to determine the number of
electrons, protons, and neutrons present in a given atom.
6.) Given an isotope, be able to calculate how many electrons, protons, and neutrons it
has.
7.) Know how to calculate average atomic masses from the percent abundance of the
isotopes of an element.
Chapter 5
Vocabulary Terms
energy levels
atomic orbitals
quantum
aufbau principle
Pauli Exclusion principle
Hund’s Rule
amplitude
wavelength
frequency
electromagnetic radiation
ground state
atomic emission spectrum
photon
Topics to Know
1.) Know what the basic differences are between the Dalton model, the Rutherford
model, the Thomson model, the Bohr model, and the quantum mechanical model of the
atom.
2.) Know what happens to an electron when it moves up and down the different energy
levels.
3.) Know what the four atomic orbitals are that we discussed in class and be able to
describe the shapes of the “s” and “p” orbitals.
4.) Know how to write the electron configurations of an atom using the noble gas
configuration.
5.) Know how to apply the Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle, and Hund’s rule
to writing electron configuration.
6.) Know how to describe an electromagnetic wave and be able to relate it to the
frequency and energy of electromagnetic radiation.
7.) Be able to calculate the wavelength given the frequency of an electromagnetic
radiation, and vice versa.
Chapter 6
Vocabulary Terms
periodic law noble gases
metals
halogens
nonmetals
representative element
metalloids
transition metals
alkali metals
atomic radius
ion
cation
anion
ionization energy
electronegativity
Topics to Know
1.) Know how the modern periodic table was developed and Mendeleev’s and Moseley’s
contribution.
2.) Know how the periodic table is divided up into the different blocks.
3.) Know the how the periods and groups are numbered.
4.) Know how to use the periodic table to write the electron configurations for different
elements and ions.
5.) Know the periodic trends for atomic radius, ionization energy, and electronegativity.
6.) Know the size differences between neutral atoms, cations, and anions.
7.) Know how cations and anions form.