* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Chapter 2 Study Guide
Survey
Document related concepts
Isotopic labeling wikipedia , lookup
Microbial metabolism wikipedia , lookup
Genetic code wikipedia , lookup
Fatty acid synthesis wikipedia , lookup
Proteolysis wikipedia , lookup
Amino acid synthesis wikipedia , lookup
Basal metabolic rate wikipedia , lookup
Protein structure prediction wikipedia , lookup
Evolution of metal ions in biological systems wikipedia , lookup
Deoxyribozyme wikipedia , lookup
Fatty acid metabolism wikipedia , lookup
Biosynthesis wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Chapter 2 Study Guide Name: Hour: 1. Define biochemistry. 2. What four elements make up 96% of the material in the human body? 3. List the three types of chemical bonds and explain how each is formed. 4. Diagram the four basic types of chemical reactions. 5. Discuss the properties of water that make it so important in living organisms. See (Table 2-2) 6. List three biologically important inorganic compounds. 7. What is an electrolyte? 8. What does the pH of a solution mean? 9. List the four major groups of organic substances. 10. What is the most important monosaccharide? 11. Explain how a carbohydrate polymer (disaccharide or polysaccharide) is formed? 12. Draw the basic structure of all amino acids. 13. What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids? How does this affect their physical properties? 14. Which nucleic acids are called purine bases? Which nucleic acids are called pyrimidine bases? 15. What is meant by the term “base pair”? 16. What two reactions (processes) take place during metabolism? What is the difference between the two? 17. Define and give an example of an isotope. 18. What is the difference between a cation and an anion? 19. What are the structural units, or building blocks, of proteins? of carbohydrates? of triglycerides? of DNA? What elements do each of these include? Use the table below. Macromolecules Structural Units Elements Proteins Carbohydrates Triglycerides DNA 20. Write the corresponding bases to match the given sequence. Write the letter below the ones provided. AGTGACCGTA Challenge Questions 1. In modern blimps, the gas of choice is helium rather than hydrogen. Hydrogen would be lighter, but helium is much safer. What characteristics of the atomic structure of helium make is so much less reactive than hydrogen? 2. If a person has a body weight of 170 pounds, how much of it is due to water? 3. Using the “lock and key model’, explain why an enzyme is only able to catalyze one specific reaction. 4. How does ATP supply the cells with the energy they need to work? What type of reaction does this require?