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Endocrine System
Endocrine System

... 1. Nervous system uses physical structures for communication 2. Endocrine system uses body fluids to transport messages (hormones) a. referred to as humeral versus neural control II. Hormones A. Classically, hormones are defined as chemical substances produced by ductless glands and secreted into th ...
Endocrine System
Endocrine System

... do not require continuous adjustment. In positive feedback mechanisms, the original stimulus is promoted rather than negated. Positive feedback increases the deviation from an ideal normal value. Unlike negative feedback that maintains hormone levels within narrow ranges, positive feedback is rarely ...
Endocrine System
Endocrine System

... do not require continuous adjustment. In positive feedback mechanisms, the original stimulus is promoted rather than negated. Positive feedback increases the deviation from an ideal normal value. Unlike negative feedback that maintains hormone levels within narrow ranges, positive feedback is rarely ...
Endocrine System booklet
Endocrine System booklet

... Endocrine System The endocrine system involves a group of small organs that regulate metabolism, growth and development, puberty and tissue function. These organs work by releasing extracellular signaling molecules known as hormones. Overview of Endocrine Glands: Hypothalamus ...
The Endocrine System
The Endocrine System

... C. Endothelin and bradykinin are paracrine molecules that are used in the circulatory system for control of vessel constriction and dilation. D. Paracrine molecules are released directly into the circulatory system. E. Nerve growth factor, platelet-growth factor, and insulin-like growth factor are s ...
The Endocrine System
The Endocrine System

... Anterior Pituitary III Follicle-Stimulating Hormone • stimulates development of ova and estrogen production in ovaries; stimulates sperm production Lutenizing Hormone • stimulates ovulation and prepares uterus for possible implantation of fertilized ovum; stimulates the production of testosterone ...
Principles of Endocrinology
Principles of Endocrinology

... • neuroendocrine reflex - hormone release in response to nervous system signals • suckling infant stimulates nerve endings  hypothalamus  posterior lobe  oxytocin  milk ejection ...
File
File

... Chapter Thirteen Endocrine System ...
chapter 16-the endocrine system
chapter 16-the endocrine system

... a. Somatotrophic Hormone (STH)-regulates the growth of the skeleton. It is regulated by the hypothalamus via Growth Hormone Releasing. Factor and Growth Hormone Inhibiting Factor. This is also known as Human Growth Hormone. 1) What is gigantism? 2) What is acromegaly? 3) What is pituitary dwarfism? ...
Dr. AASHISH H. PANCHAL (M.PHARM., Ph.D.) GSEB, CBSE, ICSE
Dr. AASHISH H. PANCHAL (M.PHARM., Ph.D.) GSEB, CBSE, ICSE

... 3) The main function of thyroid gland is to control :(A) Growth (B) Reproduction (C) Secondary sexual characters (D) Basal metabolic rate 4) The two lobes of thyroid gland are joined by a horizontal connection called :(A) Inter thyroidal connective (B) Inter thyroidal commissure (C) Interme diary lo ...
Chemical messengers - Our eclass community
Chemical messengers - Our eclass community

... 3. Are either proteins, amines (small molecules derived from amino acids) or steroids (derived ...
Endocrinology
Endocrinology

... the blood stream or lymph, Their production called hormones which they have either stimulating or inhibitor effects upon the development or function of the body organs. There is no anatomical continuity between these glands, except on a physiological level. Note: Not all ductless organs are endocrin ...
Objectives Endocrine System
Objectives Endocrine System

... influence metabolic activities, growth, and development. Maintenance of homeostasis through feedback loops.. ...
File - Anatomy & Physiology
File - Anatomy & Physiology

... body’s activities (but still controlled by the hypothalamus) • Size of a grape • Connected to hypothalamus by a stalk called infundibulum • Consists of two distinct portions: • Anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) – hormonally controlled • Posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis)- neurally controlled ...
Note 10.2 - Endocrine Gland
Note 10.2 - Endocrine Gland

... nervous systems. The hypothalamus receives nerve impulses and produces special type of hormones, called a neurohormone. The hypothalamus coordinates actions between the brain and the endocrine system. Neurohormone leaves the hypothalamus and travels to the pituitary gland. The hypothalamus is also i ...
Chapter 15-B Endocrine Glands
Chapter 15-B Endocrine Glands

... function of the gonads; ovaries and testes • Two gonadotrophins secrete from ant. Pituitary are: • LH (Luteinizing hormone) & FSH (Follicle stimulating hormone) : – Both hormones regulate production of gametes sperm cells in testes and oocytes in ovaries – And reproductive hormones • Testosterone in ...
CRYDERS-Endocrine System
CRYDERS-Endocrine System

... – GHRH. Growth hormone-releasing hormone : Causes the ant. pituitary to release growth hormone – TRH. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone : Causes ant. pituitary to release thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) – CRH. Corticotropin-releasing hormone : Causes ant. pituitary to produce adrenocorticotropic hormo ...
内分泌学―――Lecture Note
内分泌学―――Lecture Note

... 1) Almost all secretion by the pituitary is controlled by either hormonal or nervous signals from hypothalamus. 2) Hypothalamus is the highest integrative center in the endocrine hierarchy. The secretion of hypothalamic hormones is pulsatile which is critical for maintaining normal secretion of pitu ...
Transcripts/3_9 2
Transcripts/3_9 2

... h. We have vasopressin and OT generated by cells in the hypothalamus, they are released into the bloodstream of the posterior pituitary and they affect collecting ducts increasing permeability to water for vasopressin and uterine and breast tissue for OT. X. Feedback loop and hierarchical control[S1 ...
The Pathology of Pituitary
The Pathology of Pituitary

... Gonadtropin (FSH/LH) ...
Part B
Part B

... • Posterior pituitary (composed of nervous tissue) • Anterior pituitary (true gland tissue) ...
The Endocrine System
The Endocrine System

... • Is located at the base of the brain just below the hypothalamus. • Is known as the master gland • Secretes hormones on the basis of the emotional and seasoal changes • Divided into two part: the anterior lobe and the posterior lobe ...
Slides - gserianne.com
Slides - gserianne.com

... – Has a corresponding effect on target organ – Remember, this can apply to hypothalamus, pituitary, or other endocrine organ (recall ‘axis’) ...
Important Glands of the Endocrine System
Important Glands of the Endocrine System

... about the size of a pea. ...
Endocrinology of reproduction I (Lecture 6 and 7 combined)
Endocrinology of reproduction I (Lecture 6 and 7 combined)

... disulfide bonds. It is similar in size and structure to insulin. 2. Secreted by CL during pregnancy. 3. In some species it may be secreted by the uterus and/or placenta. 4. Generally requires tissue first be exposed to estrogens for its effects. 5. Functions • cervical dilation • inhibits uterine co ...
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Prolactin

Prolactin (PRL), also known as luteotropic hormone or luteotropin, is a protein that in humans is best known for its role in enabling female mammals to produce milk; however, it is influential over a large number of functions with over 300 separate actions of PRL having been reported in various vertebrates. Prolactin is secreted from the pituitary gland in response to eating, mating, estrogen treatment, ovulation, and nursing. Prolactin is secreted in a pulsatile fashion in between these events. Prolactin also plays an essential role in metabolism, regulation of the immune system, and pancreatic development.Discovered in non-human animals around 1930 by Oscar Riddle at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory on Long Island, New York, and confirmed in humans in 1970 by Henry Friesen prolactin is a peptide hormone, encoded by the PRL gene.Although often associated with human milk production, prolactin plays a wide range of other roles in both humans and other vertebrates. (For example, in fish—the oldest known vertebrates—an important function is probably related to control of water and salt balance.) Prolactin also acts in a cytokine-like manner and as an important regulator of the immune system. It has important cell cycle related functions as a growth-, differentiating- and anti-apoptotic factor. As a growth factor, binding to cytokine like receptors, it also has profound influence on hematopoiesis, angiogenesis and is involved in the regulation of blood clotting through several pathways. The hormone acts in endocrine, autocrine, and paracrine manner through the prolactin receptor and a large number of cytokine receptors.Pituitary prolactin secretion is regulated by endocrine neurons in the hypothalamus, the most important ones being the neurosecretory tuberoinfundibulum (TIDA) neurons of the arcuate nucleus, which secrete dopamine (aka Prolactin Inhibitory Hormone) to act on the D2 receptors of lactotrophs, causing inhibition of prolactin secretion. Thyrotropin-releasing factor (thyrotropin-releasing hormone) has a stimulatory effect on prolactin release, however Prl is the only adenohypophyseal hormone whose principal control is inhibitory.Several variants and forms are known per species. Many fish have variants prolactin A and prolactin B. Most vertebrates including humans also have the closely related somatolactin. In humans, three smaller (4, 16, and 22 kDa) and several larger (so called big and big-big) variants exist.
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