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... • glycolysis is an anaerobic process, meaning it does NOT require oxygen • occurs in the cytoplasm • glucose is broken down into pyruvate ...
... • glycolysis is an anaerobic process, meaning it does NOT require oxygen • occurs in the cytoplasm • glucose is broken down into pyruvate ...
Carbohydrate
... series of enzyme-catalyzed reactions to yield two molecules of the three-carbon compound pyruvate . During the sequential reactions of glycolysis, some of the free energy released from glucose is conserved in the form of ATP and NADH. ...
... series of enzyme-catalyzed reactions to yield two molecules of the three-carbon compound pyruvate . During the sequential reactions of glycolysis, some of the free energy released from glucose is conserved in the form of ATP and NADH. ...
Chapter 4 - Cellular Metabolism 4.1 Introduction (p. 74) A. A living
... The first part of cellular respiration is the splitting of 6-C glucose that occurs ...
... The first part of cellular respiration is the splitting of 6-C glucose that occurs ...
Cellular Respiration - Cathedral High School
... Glucose Breakdown: Overview of 4 Phases Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display ...
... Glucose Breakdown: Overview of 4 Phases Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display ...
Chapter 14 - Part I
... across which the proton pump occurs and contains ATP synthase • Inner membrane is highly folded – called cristae – increasing the surface area on which the above reactions can take place ...
... across which the proton pump occurs and contains ATP synthase • Inner membrane is highly folded – called cristae – increasing the surface area on which the above reactions can take place ...
Energy Conversion Pathways 1. Substrate level phosphorylation
... of the CAC reaction steps [succinyl CoA synthetase] that couples GTP synthesis to thioester bond cleavage. Without Pi, this enzyme reaction is inhibited and radioactive carbon would only be found in cycle intermediates that precede this reaction step. 29. The addition of citrate increased the capaci ...
... of the CAC reaction steps [succinyl CoA synthetase] that couples GTP synthesis to thioester bond cleavage. Without Pi, this enzyme reaction is inhibited and radioactive carbon would only be found in cycle intermediates that precede this reaction step. 29. The addition of citrate increased the capaci ...
Chapter 16.3: Anaerobic Respiration
... – Reoxygenation of hemoglobin in the blood – High metabolic rate (as many organs are operating at above resting levels) ...
... – Reoxygenation of hemoglobin in the blood – High metabolic rate (as many organs are operating at above resting levels) ...
Cellular Respiration - Parkway C-2
... by breaking down glucose and other food molecules. When oxygen is present, it’s aerobic; when oxygen is absent, it’s anaerobic. There are four pathways in cellular respiration (not all function at the same place or at the same time): glycolysis, fermentation (2 types – alcoholic and lactic acid), Kr ...
... by breaking down glucose and other food molecules. When oxygen is present, it’s aerobic; when oxygen is absent, it’s anaerobic. There are four pathways in cellular respiration (not all function at the same place or at the same time): glycolysis, fermentation (2 types – alcoholic and lactic acid), Kr ...
UNIT 7 Mitochondria and hepatic detoxification
... The endosymbiont hypothesis suggests that mitochondria have evolved from anaerobic bacteria which were phagocytosed by eukaryote cells at the time oxygen appeared on earth, Similarities between mitochondria and bacteria include the presence of: • cardiolipin •transporters • ribosomes • circular RNA ...
... The endosymbiont hypothesis suggests that mitochondria have evolved from anaerobic bacteria which were phagocytosed by eukaryote cells at the time oxygen appeared on earth, Similarities between mitochondria and bacteria include the presence of: • cardiolipin •transporters • ribosomes • circular RNA ...
ATP - Mhanafi123`s Blog
... malate dehydrogenase Enzyme glyceraldehyde 3P dehydrogenase required NAD+ in function ...
... malate dehydrogenase Enzyme glyceraldehyde 3P dehydrogenase required NAD+ in function ...
Academic Biology
... b. When oxygen isn’t present fermentation occurs. 7. If oxygen is available, discuss the changes in pyruvate and the products created. What is this process called? a. When oxygen is available, metabolism is eventually created through the process of the Krebs Cycle. Two Carbon molecules are created a ...
... b. When oxygen isn’t present fermentation occurs. 7. If oxygen is available, discuss the changes in pyruvate and the products created. What is this process called? a. When oxygen is available, metabolism is eventually created through the process of the Krebs Cycle. Two Carbon molecules are created a ...
Connections of Carbohydrate, Protein, and Lipid
... Triglycerides are a form of long-term energy storage in animals. Triglycerides are made of glycerol and three fatty acids. ...
... Triglycerides are a form of long-term energy storage in animals. Triglycerides are made of glycerol and three fatty acids. ...
Biology 12 - Biologically Important Molecules – Review Worksheet
... a large organic molecule formed from a chain or chains of amino acids a large molecule made by joining together smaller identical (or similar) molecules a gain of Hydrogen atoms (or electrons) a fatty acid whose carbons are all joined to the maximum number of hydrogens a fatty acid that has a "kink" ...
... a large organic molecule formed from a chain or chains of amino acids a large molecule made by joining together smaller identical (or similar) molecules a gain of Hydrogen atoms (or electrons) a fatty acid whose carbons are all joined to the maximum number of hydrogens a fatty acid that has a "kink" ...
Nerve activates contraction
... Definition = “All chemical reactions that take place within an organism.” ...
... Definition = “All chemical reactions that take place within an organism.” ...
mitochondria structure
... They carried the electron to one electron transport Pump and donate them to the pump. So NAD and FAD are “ Oxidized” because they loss the hydrogen ion to the pump. The pump then transport the hidrogens ion to space between two membranes, where they accumalate in high enough concentration fuel to th ...
... They carried the electron to one electron transport Pump and donate them to the pump. So NAD and FAD are “ Oxidized” because they loss the hydrogen ion to the pump. The pump then transport the hidrogens ion to space between two membranes, where they accumalate in high enough concentration fuel to th ...
October 17 AP Biology - John D. O`Bryant School of Math & Science
... B) NAD+ has more chemical energy than NADH. C) NAD+ is reduced by the action of hydrogenases. D) NAD+ can donate electrons for use in oxidative phosphorylation. E) In the absence of NAD+, glycolysis can still function. ...
... B) NAD+ has more chemical energy than NADH. C) NAD+ is reduced by the action of hydrogenases. D) NAD+ can donate electrons for use in oxidative phosphorylation. E) In the absence of NAD+, glycolysis can still function. ...
Chapter 25: Metabolism
... – Peptide bonds broken amino acids (AAs) – Free AAs used in new proteins ...
... – Peptide bonds broken amino acids (AAs) – Free AAs used in new proteins ...
Chapter 6: Biochemistry
... A. contain many carbon atoms B. they are polymers (long chains of small molecules) C. condensation reactions make monomers into polymers ...
... A. contain many carbon atoms B. they are polymers (long chains of small molecules) C. condensation reactions make monomers into polymers ...
coupling membrane
... NADH and succinate) in citric acid cycle 4) the oxidation of reduced cofactors by oxygen forming water and releasing energy (respiratory electron transfer) ...
... NADH and succinate) in citric acid cycle 4) the oxidation of reduced cofactors by oxygen forming water and releasing energy (respiratory electron transfer) ...
Chapter 1
... • TCA cycle = amphibolic pathway • Lipogenesis – CHO spares lipolysis - promotes gain – Glucose is precursor for glycerol & fatty acids ...
... • TCA cycle = amphibolic pathway • Lipogenesis – CHO spares lipolysis - promotes gain – Glucose is precursor for glycerol & fatty acids ...
Lecture 2 Glycolysis
... Recall that oxidation of aldehyde can be used to make high energy ester bond! Wouldn’t want to waste that energy!! ...
... Recall that oxidation of aldehyde can be used to make high energy ester bond! Wouldn’t want to waste that energy!! ...
Organic Macromolecules
... Organic Macromolecules Graphic Organizer Read Chapter 3 in your book and fill out this graphic organizer. You will use this when you do your Macromolecule Flapbook. Organic Molecule Simple Carbohydrate ...
... Organic Macromolecules Graphic Organizer Read Chapter 3 in your book and fill out this graphic organizer. You will use this when you do your Macromolecule Flapbook. Organic Molecule Simple Carbohydrate ...
2 - ATP
... Lactic Acid Fermentation • End Products: Lactic acid fermentation 2 - ATP (substrate-level phosphorylation) ...
... Lactic Acid Fermentation • End Products: Lactic acid fermentation 2 - ATP (substrate-level phosphorylation) ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.