Biochemistry Powerpoint
... 1.Catabolic- complex molecules are broken down into simpler ones. Ex. Digesting starch into monosaccharides for energy 2. Anabolic- complex molecules are built up from simpler ones. Ex. Combining amino acids to build muscle protein ...
... 1.Catabolic- complex molecules are broken down into simpler ones. Ex. Digesting starch into monosaccharides for energy 2. Anabolic- complex molecules are built up from simpler ones. Ex. Combining amino acids to build muscle protein ...
Carbohydrates are
... Function of Monosaccharides Ribose and Deoxyribose, with five carbon atoms, are pentose sugar. They are found respectively in the nucleic acids RNA and DNA. ...
... Function of Monosaccharides Ribose and Deoxyribose, with five carbon atoms, are pentose sugar. They are found respectively in the nucleic acids RNA and DNA. ...
Congestive heart failure and sodium dichloroacetate
... consumed as stated in the article. The respiratory quotients, on the other hand, refer to the number of moles of carbon dioxide produced per mole of oxygen consumed during complete oxidation of substrate for aerobic respiration. The P/O ratio and the respiratory quotient of substrates for aerobic re ...
... consumed as stated in the article. The respiratory quotients, on the other hand, refer to the number of moles of carbon dioxide produced per mole of oxygen consumed during complete oxidation of substrate for aerobic respiration. The P/O ratio and the respiratory quotient of substrates for aerobic re ...
NoB1ch03QUICKcheck-ed
... Two proteins in a cell each contain the same number of amino acids and yet have quite different functions. Explain. The critical features that determine the function of a protein are the kinds of amino acids present and the order (sequence) of these amino acids. While the two proteins in question ma ...
... Two proteins in a cell each contain the same number of amino acids and yet have quite different functions. Explain. The critical features that determine the function of a protein are the kinds of amino acids present and the order (sequence) of these amino acids. While the two proteins in question ma ...
sugar
... Proteins = built from amino acids amino amino amino amino amino amino acid – acid – acid – acid – acid – acid Nucleic acids (DNA) = built from nucleotides ...
... Proteins = built from amino acids amino amino amino amino amino amino acid – acid – acid – acid – acid – acid Nucleic acids (DNA) = built from nucleotides ...
Cellular Respiration
... •It begins catabolism by breaking glucose into two molecules of pyruvate. •The Krebs cycle occurs in the mitochondrial matrix. •It degrades pyruvate to carbon dioxide. •Several steps in glycolysis and the Krebs cycle transfer electrons from substrates to NAD+, forming NADH. •NADH passes these electr ...
... •It begins catabolism by breaking glucose into two molecules of pyruvate. •The Krebs cycle occurs in the mitochondrial matrix. •It degrades pyruvate to carbon dioxide. •Several steps in glycolysis and the Krebs cycle transfer electrons from substrates to NAD+, forming NADH. •NADH passes these electr ...
Section 1 Metabolic Processes Cell Structure and Process
... four major classes: carbohydrates (CHOs) lipids (made of fatty acids and glycerol) proteins (made of amino acids) nucleic acids (made of nucleotides) condensation reactions aka anabolic reactions or dehydration synthesis reactions form larger molecules a molecule of water is removed, which comes fro ...
... four major classes: carbohydrates (CHOs) lipids (made of fatty acids and glycerol) proteins (made of amino acids) nucleic acids (made of nucleotides) condensation reactions aka anabolic reactions or dehydration synthesis reactions form larger molecules a molecule of water is removed, which comes fro ...
Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate
... Only about 7 % of the total potential energy present in glucose is released in glycolysis. ...
... Only about 7 % of the total potential energy present in glucose is released in glycolysis. ...
Part II: Multiple Choice Questions
... A) pyruvate is oxidized while a molecule of NAD+ is reduced to NADH. B) coenzyme A is cleaved off of the four-carbon compound. C) a carbon atom is added to make a four-carbon compound. D) More than one of the choices is correct. E) None of the choices are correct. 23) During cellular respiration, gl ...
... A) pyruvate is oxidized while a molecule of NAD+ is reduced to NADH. B) coenzyme A is cleaved off of the four-carbon compound. C) a carbon atom is added to make a four-carbon compound. D) More than one of the choices is correct. E) None of the choices are correct. 23) During cellular respiration, gl ...
Chapter 5 Gases
... Glycolysis in cytoplasm splits a glucose molecule into 2 pyruvate; 2 NADH and 4 ATP also form. An investment of 2 ATP began the reactions, so the net yield is 2 ATP. ...
... Glycolysis in cytoplasm splits a glucose molecule into 2 pyruvate; 2 NADH and 4 ATP also form. An investment of 2 ATP began the reactions, so the net yield is 2 ATP. ...
Name: Cell Biology Test #1: 50 points
... Unit Extra Credit (2 pts 4 X ½ pt): Draw/Name and amino acid that would do the following: a) Associate with the hydrophobic core of the lipid bilayer b) Could be phosphorylated by a kinase c) Would have a charged R-group that could attract calcium d) Would permit collagen to form tight bundles due t ...
... Unit Extra Credit (2 pts 4 X ½ pt): Draw/Name and amino acid that would do the following: a) Associate with the hydrophobic core of the lipid bilayer b) Could be phosphorylated by a kinase c) Would have a charged R-group that could attract calcium d) Would permit collagen to form tight bundles due t ...
BIO 1109 – Principles of Biology Midterm examination 2
... ____________A. Energy is not created nor destroyed, but it can change into matter. ____________B. Energy is not created nor destroyed, but it can change from one energy form to another. ____________C. Energy can be created from matter or used to produce matter. ____________D. Some useful energy is l ...
... ____________A. Energy is not created nor destroyed, but it can change into matter. ____________B. Energy is not created nor destroyed, but it can change from one energy form to another. ____________C. Energy can be created from matter or used to produce matter. ____________D. Some useful energy is l ...
Theory21_30
... Use the following information to answer Questions 28-29 The following enzymes (A-E) are all involved in the synthesis of fatty acids from glucose: ...
... Use the following information to answer Questions 28-29 The following enzymes (A-E) are all involved in the synthesis of fatty acids from glucose: ...
Incomplete citric acid cycle obliges aminolevulinic
... 1976; Shigeoka & Nakano, 1991). The enzymes catalysing these reactions, 2-oxoglutarate decarboxylase and NADP- or NAD-linked SSA dehydrogenase, were therefore assayed in M . methylotrophus to determine if they could provide a mechanism for the generation of succinate and thus, succinyl-CoA from 2-ox ...
... 1976; Shigeoka & Nakano, 1991). The enzymes catalysing these reactions, 2-oxoglutarate decarboxylase and NADP- or NAD-linked SSA dehydrogenase, were therefore assayed in M . methylotrophus to determine if they could provide a mechanism for the generation of succinate and thus, succinyl-CoA from 2-ox ...
12_Lecture
... metabolites. These reactions tend to be exergonic (-G). • Anabolism refers to chemical reactions in which metabolites combine to form larger molecules. These reactions tend to be endergonic (+G). • The energy released during catabolic reactions is captured in ATP and used to drive anabolic reactio ...
... metabolites. These reactions tend to be exergonic (-G). • Anabolism refers to chemical reactions in which metabolites combine to form larger molecules. These reactions tend to be endergonic (+G). • The energy released during catabolic reactions is captured in ATP and used to drive anabolic reactio ...
Biochemistry with Elements of Chemistry - Collegium Medicum
... 15. The pentose phosphate pathway. The directions of the pentose phosphate pathway reactions due to the cellular needs. 16. Hemolysis caused by reactive oxygen species in the conditions of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. 17. Gluconeogenesis. The maintenance of blood glucose levels by h ...
... 15. The pentose phosphate pathway. The directions of the pentose phosphate pathway reactions due to the cellular needs. 16. Hemolysis caused by reactive oxygen species in the conditions of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. 17. Gluconeogenesis. The maintenance of blood glucose levels by h ...
video slide - Northwest Florida State College
... • Prior to entering Citric Acid Cycle, Acetyl CoA is added to the pyruvate molecule Addition of CoA group makes a ...
... • Prior to entering Citric Acid Cycle, Acetyl CoA is added to the pyruvate molecule Addition of CoA group makes a ...
Nutrients that Support Phase II Detoxification
... intermediates are conjugated and altered further before expulsion from the body. Six different major biochemical reactions occur in this phase, known as: Glutathione conjugation Amino acid conjugation Methylation Sulfation Acetylation Glucuronidation Each of these reactions works on specific types o ...
... intermediates are conjugated and altered further before expulsion from the body. Six different major biochemical reactions occur in this phase, known as: Glutathione conjugation Amino acid conjugation Methylation Sulfation Acetylation Glucuronidation Each of these reactions works on specific types o ...
CHAPTER 20 - AMINO ACID METABOLISM Introduction Amino acid
... up via endycytosis, including proteins, and also cellular substances within vacuuoles by fusing with them. They contain a variety of proteases for this purpose, known as cathepsins. The internal pH of a lysosome is acidic (-5), and lysosomal proteases have optimal activities in this pH range. Presum ...
... up via endycytosis, including proteins, and also cellular substances within vacuuoles by fusing with them. They contain a variety of proteases for this purpose, known as cathepsins. The internal pH of a lysosome is acidic (-5), and lysosomal proteases have optimal activities in this pH range. Presum ...
ch25 Metabolism
... 1. Glucose oxidation is also called cellular respiration. It occurs in every cell of the body (except red blood cells, which lack mitochondria) and provides the cell’s chief source of energy. 2. The complete oxidation of glucose to CO2 and H2O produces large amounts of energy and occurs in four succ ...
... 1. Glucose oxidation is also called cellular respiration. It occurs in every cell of the body (except red blood cells, which lack mitochondria) and provides the cell’s chief source of energy. 2. The complete oxidation of glucose to CO2 and H2O produces large amounts of energy and occurs in four succ ...
File
... A fatty acid with an odd number of carbons will enter the citric acid cycle as acetylCoA and: A. α-ketoglutarate B. Malate C. Succinyl-CoA D. Citrate E. Butyrate Which of the following statements apply to the β-oxidation of fatty acids? A. The process takes place in the cytosol of mammalian cells. B ...
... A fatty acid with an odd number of carbons will enter the citric acid cycle as acetylCoA and: A. α-ketoglutarate B. Malate C. Succinyl-CoA D. Citrate E. Butyrate Which of the following statements apply to the β-oxidation of fatty acids? A. The process takes place in the cytosol of mammalian cells. B ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.