of virus infection
... – ‘self’ protein is recognized by the immune response since it is homologous to a viral protein – Breakdown of immunological tolerance to cryptic self antigens leading to attack on host tissues – eg., Coxsackie B virus-induced cardiomyopathy ...
... – ‘self’ protein is recognized by the immune response since it is homologous to a viral protein – Breakdown of immunological tolerance to cryptic self antigens leading to attack on host tissues – eg., Coxsackie B virus-induced cardiomyopathy ...
Immune Worksheet Session 27- 4/7/11
... 2) In positive selection, what happens if the T cell recognizes the self-MHC? In positive selection, what happens if the T cell fails to recognize the self-MHC? 3) In negative selection, what happens if the T cell recognizes the self-antigen? In negative selection, what happens if the T cell fails t ...
... 2) In positive selection, what happens if the T cell recognizes the self-MHC? In positive selection, what happens if the T cell fails to recognize the self-MHC? 3) In negative selection, what happens if the T cell recognizes the self-antigen? In negative selection, what happens if the T cell fails t ...
Immune System Cartoon Strip
... Standard: BI10.a&b Objective: Describe the role of the skin in providing non-specific defense against pathogens, Differentiate between specific and non-specific defenses, Explain the process in which antibodies oppose antigens in order to combat pathogens, Contrast T and B lymphocytes, Explain the r ...
... Standard: BI10.a&b Objective: Describe the role of the skin in providing non-specific defense against pathogens, Differentiate between specific and non-specific defenses, Explain the process in which antibodies oppose antigens in order to combat pathogens, Contrast T and B lymphocytes, Explain the r ...
General Information
... B cells - During an immune response B-cells make antibodies. Antibodies - Antibodies are made by B-cells, they attach to “critters”, marking them for destruction by the immune system. Antibodies are specific to the “critter” (bacteria, virus, or other harmful toxins). ...
... B cells - During an immune response B-cells make antibodies. Antibodies - Antibodies are made by B-cells, they attach to “critters”, marking them for destruction by the immune system. Antibodies are specific to the “critter” (bacteria, virus, or other harmful toxins). ...
Immunology Notes
... Gather wherever there is a parasite infection or allergic reaction such as allergic asthma and then release their toxins. The toxins are very efficient at harming parasites, but will also harm us if released in the wrong place ( lining of lungs can become damaged in asthma ) 3. Neutrophil Granul ...
... Gather wherever there is a parasite infection or allergic reaction such as allergic asthma and then release their toxins. The toxins are very efficient at harming parasites, but will also harm us if released in the wrong place ( lining of lungs can become damaged in asthma ) 3. Neutrophil Granul ...
AB146PSI-AOAPO_KumariP_30092016
... disease is systemic in nature and predominantly affects bones and cartilage of synovial joints in symmetric fashion. Synovial tissue is the primary target site for inflammation where infiltrated immune cells significantly modify its protective function. Various immune mediators secreted from residen ...
... disease is systemic in nature and predominantly affects bones and cartilage of synovial joints in symmetric fashion. Synovial tissue is the primary target site for inflammation where infiltrated immune cells significantly modify its protective function. Various immune mediators secreted from residen ...
IMMUNITY MEDIATED BY B LYMPHOCYTES AND ANTIBODIES
... * First line of defense against pathogens * Components ...
... * First line of defense against pathogens * Components ...
Cell Signaling
... The Cascade Effect • The multi-step cascade uses a small number of extracellular signal molecules to produce a major cellular response. • Amplifies the signal and provides numerous ...
... The Cascade Effect • The multi-step cascade uses a small number of extracellular signal molecules to produce a major cellular response. • Amplifies the signal and provides numerous ...
Lymphatic System
... Species resistant: the development of diseases unique to that organism. Mechanical barriers: Prevent entry of infectious agents, in areas such as the respiratory, urinary and reproductive systems (Skin and mucus membranes, and sweat). Chemical barriers: Enzymes in body fluid that provide the barr ...
... Species resistant: the development of diseases unique to that organism. Mechanical barriers: Prevent entry of infectious agents, in areas such as the respiratory, urinary and reproductive systems (Skin and mucus membranes, and sweat). Chemical barriers: Enzymes in body fluid that provide the barr ...
Microscopic Level – Cells of the Epidermis
... extensions of the melanocytes reach up in between the keratinocytes. Dendritic or Langerhans cells are tissue macrophages that contribute to the immune function of the skin. They engulf foreign organisms and signal to the immune system. Since the skin is in constant contact with the environment, it ...
... extensions of the melanocytes reach up in between the keratinocytes. Dendritic or Langerhans cells are tissue macrophages that contribute to the immune function of the skin. They engulf foreign organisms and signal to the immune system. Since the skin is in constant contact with the environment, it ...
Bio07_TR__U10_CH40.QXD
... The skin is the most important nonspecific defense. It forms a barrier that few pathogens can get through. Mucus, saliva, and tears trap pathogens and contain an enzyme that kills bacteria. If pathogens manage to enter the body, other nonspecific defenses go to work. The inflammatory response occurs ...
... The skin is the most important nonspecific defense. It forms a barrier that few pathogens can get through. Mucus, saliva, and tears trap pathogens and contain an enzyme that kills bacteria. If pathogens manage to enter the body, other nonspecific defenses go to work. The inflammatory response occurs ...
Lesson 1: The Immune System - Lecture Notes | Vaccine Education
... The immune system protects the body against disease. The roles of the immune system include: 1) recognizing the presence of an infection; 2) containing the infection and working to eliminate it; 3) regulating itself so that it does not damage the body; and 4) remembering pathogens to prevent disease ...
... The immune system protects the body against disease. The roles of the immune system include: 1) recognizing the presence of an infection; 2) containing the infection and working to eliminate it; 3) regulating itself so that it does not damage the body; and 4) remembering pathogens to prevent disease ...
March 24 (PP)
... MHC antigens major cause of rejection Requires immunosuppression for successful transplants Cyclosporin A, tacrolimus interfere with cell signaling inhibit clonal expansion of T cells ...
... MHC antigens major cause of rejection Requires immunosuppression for successful transplants Cyclosporin A, tacrolimus interfere with cell signaling inhibit clonal expansion of T cells ...
CfE Higher Human Biology Unit 4 – Immunology and Public Health
... I can state that some T- and B-lymphocytes produced in response to antigens by clonal selection survive long-term as memory cells. A secondary exposure to the same antigen rapidly gives rise to a new clone of lymphocytes producing a rapid and greater immunological response I can describe the transmi ...
... I can state that some T- and B-lymphocytes produced in response to antigens by clonal selection survive long-term as memory cells. A secondary exposure to the same antigen rapidly gives rise to a new clone of lymphocytes producing a rapid and greater immunological response I can describe the transmi ...
Type of Innate immune
... Antigens , antibodies , MHC, TCR, adhesion molecules (CD), Cytokines. Several types of molecules play vital roles in immune responses. Antibodies are substances which provoke an immune response. Antibodies are not only the surface receptors of B cells that recognize specific antigens, but once the a ...
... Antigens , antibodies , MHC, TCR, adhesion molecules (CD), Cytokines. Several types of molecules play vital roles in immune responses. Antibodies are substances which provoke an immune response. Antibodies are not only the surface receptors of B cells that recognize specific antigens, but once the a ...
Parts of the Immune System that Protect Against Infection
... Like the skin, these conduits are lined with cells, albeit different from the skin, that are collectively known as the mucosa. An interesting concept is that the open areas bounded by these mucosal cell linings are actually “outside the body,” even though we may think of them as “in” the body. In ot ...
... Like the skin, these conduits are lined with cells, albeit different from the skin, that are collectively known as the mucosa. An interesting concept is that the open areas bounded by these mucosal cell linings are actually “outside the body,” even though we may think of them as “in” the body. In ot ...
Stress and the Immune Response
... enabling more antigens to enter the body. Acute stressors appear to reduce the natural killer cell activity and lymphocyte responsivity. Chronic ...
... enabling more antigens to enter the body. Acute stressors appear to reduce the natural killer cell activity and lymphocyte responsivity. Chronic ...
How can your immune system malfunction?
... What happens during an Allergic reaction? • The allergen will bind to receptors on WBC’s stimulating the production of histamines. • Histamines are chemical that call trigger an inflammatory response • May experience wheezing, hives, nausea, or shock • What can we take for ANTIHISTAMINES! allergies ...
... What happens during an Allergic reaction? • The allergen will bind to receptors on WBC’s stimulating the production of histamines. • Histamines are chemical that call trigger an inflammatory response • May experience wheezing, hives, nausea, or shock • What can we take for ANTIHISTAMINES! allergies ...
Innate immune system
The innate immune system, also known as the nonspecific immune system, is an important subsystem of the overall immune system that comprises the cells and mechanisms that defend the host from infection by other organisms. The cells of the innate system recognize and respond to pathogens in a generic way, but, unlike the adaptive immune system (which is found only in vertebrates), it does not confer long-lasting or protective immunity to the host. Innate immune systems provide immediate defense against infection, and are found in all classes of plant and animal life. They include both humoral immunity components and cell-mediated immunity components.The innate immune system is an evolutionarily older defense strategy, and is the dominant immune system found in plants, fungi, insects, and primitive multicellular organisms.The major functions of the vertebrate innate immune system include: Recruiting immune cells to sites of infection, through the production of chemical factors, including specialized chemical mediators, called cytokines Activation of the complement cascade to identify bacteria, activate cells, and promote clearance of antibody complexes or dead cells The identification and removal of foreign substances present in organs, tissues, the blood and lymph, by specialised white blood cells Activation of the adaptive immune system through a process known as antigen presentation Acting as a physical and chemical barrier to infectious agents.↑ ↑ ↑