Non-Specific Defense
... Helper T cells spot the foreign antigen on the macrophage and begin to multiply. They alert other white blood cells and direct the body's defense. ...
... Helper T cells spot the foreign antigen on the macrophage and begin to multiply. They alert other white blood cells and direct the body's defense. ...
Aankondiging_Immuno_7nov
... and thus determines the outcome of antigen-specific responses. Specific immune responses are driven by antigen-specific T cells, which do not only expand after initial MHC-dependent antigen contact, but do also polarize into effector cells.These differentiated cells are characterized by their functi ...
... and thus determines the outcome of antigen-specific responses. Specific immune responses are driven by antigen-specific T cells, which do not only expand after initial MHC-dependent antigen contact, but do also polarize into effector cells.These differentiated cells are characterized by their functi ...
LSU Neuroscience Center of Excellence Health Sciences
... The role of immune cells in repair of the central nervous system (CNS) has been a subject of controversy for decades. We recognized that innate immune cells (macrophages/microglia) play an essential part in CNS recovery from axotomy. Subsequently, we found that T cells recognizing CNS-specific antig ...
... The role of immune cells in repair of the central nervous system (CNS) has been a subject of controversy for decades. We recognized that innate immune cells (macrophages/microglia) play an essential part in CNS recovery from axotomy. Subsequently, we found that T cells recognizing CNS-specific antig ...
Chapter 40 Review
... host, they should cause the same disease that infected the original host 4. The injected pathogen should be isolated from the second host. It should be identical to the original pathogen. ...
... host, they should cause the same disease that infected the original host 4. The injected pathogen should be isolated from the second host. It should be identical to the original pathogen. ...
ninth lecture
... Once C1q is activated, C1r and C1s are sequentially bound to generate enzyme activity for C4 and C2, splitting both into a and b fragments. The complex C4b2a is known as C3 convertase. It cleaves C3 into C3a (with anaphylatoxic and chemotactic activity) and C3b (with opsonic activity). The interact ...
... Once C1q is activated, C1r and C1s are sequentially bound to generate enzyme activity for C4 and C2, splitting both into a and b fragments. The complex C4b2a is known as C3 convertase. It cleaves C3 into C3a (with anaphylatoxic and chemotactic activity) and C3b (with opsonic activity). The interact ...
31.3 Immune Responses
... • The job of the immune systems is to fight off pathogens & infections. – Skin is a physical barrier to infection. – Mucous Membranes trap pathogens entering the body. ...
... • The job of the immune systems is to fight off pathogens & infections. – Skin is a physical barrier to infection. – Mucous Membranes trap pathogens entering the body. ...
the immune system phagocytosis antibody function
... Chemical – tears, sweat, saliva and mucous (chemicals and enzymes in body fluids) ...
... Chemical – tears, sweat, saliva and mucous (chemicals and enzymes in body fluids) ...
THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
... • they bind to cells using an antibody “bridge”, then kill it by secreting a chemical (perforin) that makes holes in the cell membrane of the target cell. With enough holes, the cell will die, because water rushing inside the cell will induce osmotic swelling, and an influx of calcium may trigger ap ...
... • they bind to cells using an antibody “bridge”, then kill it by secreting a chemical (perforin) that makes holes in the cell membrane of the target cell. With enough holes, the cell will die, because water rushing inside the cell will induce osmotic swelling, and an influx of calcium may trigger ap ...
Innate_Immunity
... • they bind to cells using an antibody “bridge”, then kill it by secreting a chemical (perforin) that makes holes in the cell membrane of the target cell. With enough holes, the cell will die, because water rushing inside the cell will induce osmotic swelling, and an influx of calcium may trigger ap ...
... • they bind to cells using an antibody “bridge”, then kill it by secreting a chemical (perforin) that makes holes in the cell membrane of the target cell. With enough holes, the cell will die, because water rushing inside the cell will induce osmotic swelling, and an influx of calcium may trigger ap ...
Introduction to immunology
... Immunologic concept of self • Recognizing self –whether an encountered molecule is a part of the body • Recognizing of absence of self – loss of some surface molecules such as transplantation antigens in cancer • Recognizing nonself - such as pathogens or foreign grafts • Recognition possible by: - ...
... Immunologic concept of self • Recognizing self –whether an encountered molecule is a part of the body • Recognizing of absence of self – loss of some surface molecules such as transplantation antigens in cancer • Recognizing nonself - such as pathogens or foreign grafts • Recognition possible by: - ...
CH 40 The Immune System and Disease
... reaction to tissue damage caused by injury or infection If the infection become severe the body will release chemicals to increase body temperature or a Fever ...
... reaction to tissue damage caused by injury or infection If the infection become severe the body will release chemicals to increase body temperature or a Fever ...
10 General anatomy of immune system
... • they bind to cells using an antibody “bridge”, then kill it by secreting a chemical (perforin) that makes holes in the cell membrane of the target cell. With enough holes, the cell will die, because water rushing inside the cell will induce osmotic swelling, and an influx of calcium may trigger ap ...
... • they bind to cells using an antibody “bridge”, then kill it by secreting a chemical (perforin) that makes holes in the cell membrane of the target cell. With enough holes, the cell will die, because water rushing inside the cell will induce osmotic swelling, and an influx of calcium may trigger ap ...
Chapter 17 Immune Response
... • IgG – 80% of the antibodies in the serum. • Cross placenta and give passive immunity to the fetus. • Protect against viruses, bacteria and toxins that are circulating in the body fluids. • Activates the complement system. • Enhances phagocytosis. ...
... • IgG – 80% of the antibodies in the serum. • Cross placenta and give passive immunity to the fetus. • Protect against viruses, bacteria and toxins that are circulating in the body fluids. • Activates the complement system. • Enhances phagocytosis. ...
Prentice Hall Biology - Valhalla High School
... • May be natural (the body fights an infection) • May be artificial (through vaccination) – Vaccine – injection of a weakened form of an antigen to produce an immune response – Passive – receiving antibodies to fight off an infection – only lasts a short time because the body will eventually destroy ...
... • May be natural (the body fights an infection) • May be artificial (through vaccination) – Vaccine – injection of a weakened form of an antigen to produce an immune response – Passive – receiving antibodies to fight off an infection – only lasts a short time because the body will eventually destroy ...
Lymphatic System
... come to the inflamed area and phagocytose the bacteria and dead tissue due to the trauma. Natural Killer Cells Lymphocytes that kill virus-infected cells and tumor cells by cell to cell contact. May also be cells involved in the aging process – may be involved in apoptosis (programmed cell death). ...
... come to the inflamed area and phagocytose the bacteria and dead tissue due to the trauma. Natural Killer Cells Lymphocytes that kill virus-infected cells and tumor cells by cell to cell contact. May also be cells involved in the aging process – may be involved in apoptosis (programmed cell death). ...
White Blood Cell
... Allergy – Abnormal reaction of the immune system to a substance that is harmless. ...
... Allergy – Abnormal reaction of the immune system to a substance that is harmless. ...
T-cells
... 2nd –Line (generalized internal cellular and chemical defenses): • White Blood Cells = Leukocytes (see Table 16.1) – Granulocytes are polymorphonuclear (PMN) with intracellular granules that can be stained and seen by microscopy. All involved in non-specific resistance. • Neutrophils: highly phagoc ...
... 2nd –Line (generalized internal cellular and chemical defenses): • White Blood Cells = Leukocytes (see Table 16.1) – Granulocytes are polymorphonuclear (PMN) with intracellular granules that can be stained and seen by microscopy. All involved in non-specific resistance. • Neutrophils: highly phagoc ...
Innate immune system
The innate immune system, also known as the nonspecific immune system, is an important subsystem of the overall immune system that comprises the cells and mechanisms that defend the host from infection by other organisms. The cells of the innate system recognize and respond to pathogens in a generic way, but, unlike the adaptive immune system (which is found only in vertebrates), it does not confer long-lasting or protective immunity to the host. Innate immune systems provide immediate defense against infection, and are found in all classes of plant and animal life. They include both humoral immunity components and cell-mediated immunity components.The innate immune system is an evolutionarily older defense strategy, and is the dominant immune system found in plants, fungi, insects, and primitive multicellular organisms.The major functions of the vertebrate innate immune system include: Recruiting immune cells to sites of infection, through the production of chemical factors, including specialized chemical mediators, called cytokines Activation of the complement cascade to identify bacteria, activate cells, and promote clearance of antibody complexes or dead cells The identification and removal of foreign substances present in organs, tissues, the blood and lymph, by specialised white blood cells Activation of the adaptive immune system through a process known as antigen presentation Acting as a physical and chemical barrier to infectious agents.↑ ↑ ↑