C. elegans the L1 larval stage
... Human thought, behaviour, perception and sensation all depend on the development of the billions of neurons in our nervous system. The beauty and complexity of this network can be seen through the various developmental processes ranging from the morphological differences amongst various cells in the ...
... Human thought, behaviour, perception and sensation all depend on the development of the billions of neurons in our nervous system. The beauty and complexity of this network can be seen through the various developmental processes ranging from the morphological differences amongst various cells in the ...
Actin and Myosin Function in Directed Vacuole Movement during
... One feature of vacuole inheritance that distinguishes it from other membrane trafficking pathways, such as secretion and endocytosis, is that it requires the delivery of a membrane-enclosed structure to a subcellular location that does not contain a pre-existing acceptor membrane. Therefore, not onl ...
... One feature of vacuole inheritance that distinguishes it from other membrane trafficking pathways, such as secretion and endocytosis, is that it requires the delivery of a membrane-enclosed structure to a subcellular location that does not contain a pre-existing acceptor membrane. Therefore, not onl ...
Erythropoietin critically regulates the terminal
... mature over developmental time (Figure 5A and B). The persistence of some Epor-null primitive erythroblasts allowed us to analyze their maturational status, compared to wild-type littermate controls. After excluding cells with apoptotic morphology, we observed that Epor-null primitive erythroblasts ...
... mature over developmental time (Figure 5A and B). The persistence of some Epor-null primitive erythroblasts allowed us to analyze their maturational status, compared to wild-type littermate controls. After excluding cells with apoptotic morphology, we observed that Epor-null primitive erythroblasts ...
Applied and Environmental Microbiology
... examined in slide cultures by light and electron microscopy. Inocula were grown for 5 days on defined Bll agar medium and represented the large subpopulation of fully encapsulated single cells which uniformly bind the clover lectin trifoliin A. When 107 cells or more were added per seedling, bacteri ...
... examined in slide cultures by light and electron microscopy. Inocula were grown for 5 days on defined Bll agar medium and represented the large subpopulation of fully encapsulated single cells which uniformly bind the clover lectin trifoliin A. When 107 cells or more were added per seedling, bacteri ...
Combinatorial signals from the neural tube, floor plate and
... Myf-5 is necessary for the determination or survival of myogenic precursor cells and that myogenin is necessary to execute the differentiation program (Hasty et al., 1993; Nabeshima et al., 1993; Rudnicki et al., 1993). Detailed in situ hybridization studies have shown that the myogenic bHLH genes a ...
... Myf-5 is necessary for the determination or survival of myogenic precursor cells and that myogenin is necessary to execute the differentiation program (Hasty et al., 1993; Nabeshima et al., 1993; Rudnicki et al., 1993). Detailed in situ hybridization studies have shown that the myogenic bHLH genes a ...
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... We next sought to identify potential molecular links between Baz and F-actin assembly that might explain their reciprocal relationship at epithelial edges. For these experiments, we used DC as our model system. A good candidate for such a link is Pten, as it binds directly to Baz and influences acti ...
... We next sought to identify potential molecular links between Baz and F-actin assembly that might explain their reciprocal relationship at epithelial edges. For these experiments, we used DC as our model system. A good candidate for such a link is Pten, as it binds directly to Baz and influences acti ...
A microfluidic culture platform for CNS axonal injury, regeneration
... The neuronal cell body is classically considered the exclusive source of axonal proteins. Figure 2 | Axons are isolated without somata or dendrites. When barrier widths of 450 mm or more were used, axons (red; tau) extended past the barrier at 14 d in vitro without detecting dendrites (green; But re ...
... The neuronal cell body is classically considered the exclusive source of axonal proteins. Figure 2 | Axons are isolated without somata or dendrites. When barrier widths of 450 mm or more were used, axons (red; tau) extended past the barrier at 14 d in vitro without detecting dendrites (green; But re ...
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vprmediated G2 cell cycle
... Fig. 1. Vpr associates with the PP2A holoenzyme complex through a speci®c interaction with the B55a subunit. (A) Schematics of PP2A Aa, AD5, Flag-B55a and T7-Vpr expression vectors. The CMV promoter is represented by a dark circle. Antibodies used against each protein in immunoprecipitation (IP) and ...
... Fig. 1. Vpr associates with the PP2A holoenzyme complex through a speci®c interaction with the B55a subunit. (A) Schematics of PP2A Aa, AD5, Flag-B55a and T7-Vpr expression vectors. The CMV promoter is represented by a dark circle. Antibodies used against each protein in immunoprecipitation (IP) and ...
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... until their exit from the thymus, again through the vasculature (Lind et al., 2001). This migration is directed by molecular, rather than structural, cues and the TECs form a complex 3D network (Fig. 1D) rather than the more ‘typical’ 2D epithelial structures (van Ewijk et al., 1999). Thus, the corr ...
... until their exit from the thymus, again through the vasculature (Lind et al., 2001). This migration is directed by molecular, rather than structural, cues and the TECs form a complex 3D network (Fig. 1D) rather than the more ‘typical’ 2D epithelial structures (van Ewijk et al., 1999). Thus, the corr ...
ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: GENETIC REGULATION OF AUTOPHAGIC CELL... Sudeshna Dutta, Doctor of Philosophy, 2008
... grateful for what he has done for me. My cordial thank to my committee member and MOCB program director Dr. Leslie Pick for her guidance and support. I am also grateful to my other committee members: Dr. Louisa Wu for her suggestions and encouragements, Dr. Stephen Mount for his guidance and advice, ...
... grateful for what he has done for me. My cordial thank to my committee member and MOCB program director Dr. Leslie Pick for her guidance and support. I am also grateful to my other committee members: Dr. Louisa Wu for her suggestions and encouragements, Dr. Stephen Mount for his guidance and advice, ...
Separation of Bacteria, Protozoa and Carbon Nanotubes by Density
... Based on XPS performed previously [26], 6-h probe-sonication also increased the surface oxygen content of MWCNTs from 7.4% to 8.6%, further contributing to the stability of the stock suspensions. In this study, most 88% ± 2% of the MWCNTs remained stably dispersed by the 4th day after sonication and ...
... Based on XPS performed previously [26], 6-h probe-sonication also increased the surface oxygen content of MWCNTs from 7.4% to 8.6%, further contributing to the stability of the stock suspensions. In this study, most 88% ± 2% of the MWCNTs remained stably dispersed by the 4th day after sonication and ...
Microtubules Contribute to Tubule Elongation and
... ER dynamics in eukaryotes depend on the cytoskeleton. In plants, major contributors for ER organization are actin filaments (Quader et al., 1989; Knebel et al., 1990; Lichtscheidl and Hepler, 1996; Sparkes et al., 2009a) and the actin-associated motor proteins (myosins; Prokhnevsky et al., 2008; Pere ...
... ER dynamics in eukaryotes depend on the cytoskeleton. In plants, major contributors for ER organization are actin filaments (Quader et al., 1989; Knebel et al., 1990; Lichtscheidl and Hepler, 1996; Sparkes et al., 2009a) and the actin-associated motor proteins (myosins; Prokhnevsky et al., 2008; Pere ...
Analysis of the tendon cell fate - Development
... skeletal elements in order for the force generated during muscle contraction to be transmitted faithfully to the skeleton. The collagen-rich muscle attachments range from narrow bands of connective tissue in some axial muscles to the long limb tendons (Benjamin and Ralphs, 2000). Most studies of dif ...
... skeletal elements in order for the force generated during muscle contraction to be transmitted faithfully to the skeleton. The collagen-rich muscle attachments range from narrow bands of connective tissue in some axial muscles to the long limb tendons (Benjamin and Ralphs, 2000). Most studies of dif ...
Thermogenesis in Muscle - Tag-A
... relationships (22, 23) indicates the billfishes share a common ancestor to the exclusion of other scombroids, which indicates that a thermogenic organ associated with the superior rectus eye muscle is a synapomorphy of these taxa. However, the heater organ is an independently acquired specialization ...
... relationships (22, 23) indicates the billfishes share a common ancestor to the exclusion of other scombroids, which indicates that a thermogenic organ associated with the superior rectus eye muscle is a synapomorphy of these taxa. However, the heater organ is an independently acquired specialization ...
Nitric Oxide Inhibits Matrix Metalloproteinase
... NO Donor Releases NO and Is Noncytotoxic to ECs. ECs constantly release a basal level of NO, which is important for maintaining vascular integrity. The molecular mechanism of NO effects on vascular cells remains unclear. To study the direct effects of NO on ECs, NO donor was used in this study. To a ...
... NO Donor Releases NO and Is Noncytotoxic to ECs. ECs constantly release a basal level of NO, which is important for maintaining vascular integrity. The molecular mechanism of NO effects on vascular cells remains unclear. To study the direct effects of NO on ECs, NO donor was used in this study. To a ...
Evidence for Lymphatics in the Developing and
... been shown to be between 4 and 10 nm in diameter.1 In our study the anchoring filaments identified using TEM ultrastructural criteria were on average 6 nm in diameter, making our anchoring filament structure consistent with the conclusion that they contain fibrillin. They extend to the surrounding c ...
... been shown to be between 4 and 10 nm in diameter.1 In our study the anchoring filaments identified using TEM ultrastructural criteria were on average 6 nm in diameter, making our anchoring filament structure consistent with the conclusion that they contain fibrillin. They extend to the surrounding c ...
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... screen for injected mRNAs with the ability to induce secondary head structures in Xenopus (Bell et al., 2003). Maternal Coco controls germ layer specification by inhibition of Activin, Nodal, and BMP signaling (Bates et al., 2013). Zygotic Coco expression, by contrast, is involved in proper specific ...
... screen for injected mRNAs with the ability to induce secondary head structures in Xenopus (Bell et al., 2003). Maternal Coco controls germ layer specification by inhibition of Activin, Nodal, and BMP signaling (Bates et al., 2013). Zygotic Coco expression, by contrast, is involved in proper specific ...
Autoregulation of Actin Synthesis by Physiological
... emission wavelengths were 542 and 563 nm. Cellular protein was determined according to Bradford (21) in parallely cultured hepato^ cytes lysed in the presence of 5 g/1 Triton X-100. Data were expressed as ng rhodamine-phalloidin per mg cellular protein. In addition, the ratio of filamentous to non-f ...
... emission wavelengths were 542 and 563 nm. Cellular protein was determined according to Bradford (21) in parallely cultured hepato^ cytes lysed in the presence of 5 g/1 Triton X-100. Data were expressed as ng rhodamine-phalloidin per mg cellular protein. In addition, the ratio of filamentous to non-f ...
Solutions: Chronic Wounds - Veterans Memorial Hospital
... Wound Debridement is removal of devitalized tissue from the wound bed. 5 – Autolytic debridement: The removal of devitalized tissue using moisture-retentive dressings – Biodebridement: The use of maggots/larval therapy to remove necrotic tissue – Enzymatic (chemical) debridement: The removal of devi ...
... Wound Debridement is removal of devitalized tissue from the wound bed. 5 – Autolytic debridement: The removal of devitalized tissue using moisture-retentive dressings – Biodebridement: The use of maggots/larval therapy to remove necrotic tissue – Enzymatic (chemical) debridement: The removal of devi ...
Multiple classes of yeast mutants are defective in vacuole
... proteins required for vacuole partitioning must be correctly localized to the vacuole. In addition, some components may be involved both in protein transport and vacuole segregation. The Class D vacuolar protein-sorting (vps) mutants, which missort vacuole proteins from the Golgi to the cell surface ...
... proteins required for vacuole partitioning must be correctly localized to the vacuole. In addition, some components may be involved both in protein transport and vacuole segregation. The Class D vacuolar protein-sorting (vps) mutants, which missort vacuole proteins from the Golgi to the cell surface ...
NUBBIN and JAGGED define stamen and carpel
... An error in Fig. 4 was not corrected before the article went to press. Panel B should be labelled as wild type (WT) and panel C as jag nub. The legend should read: Similar to wild type (A), FIL expression in stage 6 jag nub stamens (C) is observed throughout the abaxial half. Although the FIL expres ...
... An error in Fig. 4 was not corrected before the article went to press. Panel B should be labelled as wild type (WT) and panel C as jag nub. The legend should read: Similar to wild type (A), FIL expression in stage 6 jag nub stamens (C) is observed throughout the abaxial half. Although the FIL expres ...
Differential Auxin-Transporting Activities of PIN
... lyze auxin efflux at the cellular level. On the other hand, PIN5 and PIN8 possess a very short putative central loop (hereafter called short-looped PINs). Although PIN5 was recently shown to be localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and proposed to transport auxin metabolites into the ER lumen, ...
... lyze auxin efflux at the cellular level. On the other hand, PIN5 and PIN8 possess a very short putative central loop (hereafter called short-looped PINs). Although PIN5 was recently shown to be localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and proposed to transport auxin metabolites into the ER lumen, ...
Production and consumption of nitrous oxide in nitrate
... procedures were used (Sambrook et al., 1989). Genomic DNA was isolated from W. succinogenes using the DNeasy Tissue kit (Qiagen). PCR was carried out using Phusion High Fidelity DNA polymerase (Finnzymes) for cloning procedures or Biotaq Red DNA polymerase (Bioline) for mutant and plasmid screening ...
... procedures were used (Sambrook et al., 1989). Genomic DNA was isolated from W. succinogenes using the DNeasy Tissue kit (Qiagen). PCR was carried out using Phusion High Fidelity DNA polymerase (Finnzymes) for cloning procedures or Biotaq Red DNA polymerase (Bioline) for mutant and plasmid screening ...
Inguinal hernia
... parts of the intestines, protrudes.s are a widespread phenomenon. Accordingly, around 27 % of men and 3% of women will suffer from an inguinal herniaThe most common type of hernia with hernial orifice above the inguinal ligament in the region of the lateral or medial inguinal fossa (Latin term: [no- ...
... parts of the intestines, protrudes.s are a widespread phenomenon. Accordingly, around 27 % of men and 3% of women will suffer from an inguinal herniaThe most common type of hernia with hernial orifice above the inguinal ligament in the region of the lateral or medial inguinal fossa (Latin term: [no- ...
Self-assembled pH-responsive hyaluronic acid–g-poly(l
... 1742-7061/Ó 2014 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ...
... 1742-7061/Ó 2014 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ...
Tissue engineering
Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, engineering and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to improve or replace biological functions. While it was once categorized as a sub-field of biomaterials, having grown in scope and importance it can be considered as a field in its own right.While most definitions of tissue engineering cover a broad range of applications, in practice the term is closely associated with applications that repair or replace portions of or whole tissues (i.e., bone, cartilage, blood vessels, bladder, skin, muscle etc.). Often, the tissues involved require certain mechanical and structural properties for proper functioning. The term has also been applied to efforts to perform specific biochemical functions using cells within an artificially-created support system (e.g. an artificial pancreas, or a bio artificial liver). The term regenerative medicine is often used synonymously with tissue engineering, although those involved in regenerative medicine place more emphasis on the use of stem cells or progenitor cells to produce tissues.