Review Article Bifurcation theory and cardiac arrhythmias
... how cardiac cellular instability caused by the period doubling bifurcation scenario leads to temporal beat-to-beat action potential duration (APD) alternans of cardiac myocytes and then discuss the factors at the whole heart level that modulate the transition from spatially concordant form of APD al ...
... how cardiac cellular instability caused by the period doubling bifurcation scenario leads to temporal beat-to-beat action potential duration (APD) alternans of cardiac myocytes and then discuss the factors at the whole heart level that modulate the transition from spatially concordant form of APD al ...
Murine Regulatory T Cells Contain Hyperproliferative and Death
... incorporate a higher level of BrdU than that of Tcon after administration of BrdU into mice, suggesting that Treg are more proliferative than Tcon in normal mice (15). The causes of these distinct observations and conclusions about Treg properties have been unclear. By tracking Treg proliferation an ...
... incorporate a higher level of BrdU than that of Tcon after administration of BrdU into mice, suggesting that Treg are more proliferative than Tcon in normal mice (15). The causes of these distinct observations and conclusions about Treg properties have been unclear. By tracking Treg proliferation an ...
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... formed by strains that persist in the industry are thicker than those formed by isolates found only contamination that can lead to food spoilage or transmission of disease [22]. Biofilm formation is sporadically [31]. Furthermore, listerial cells embedded in biofilms are different in structure and i ...
... formed by strains that persist in the industry are thicker than those formed by isolates found only contamination that can lead to food spoilage or transmission of disease [22]. Biofilm formation is sporadically [31]. Furthermore, listerial cells embedded in biofilms are different in structure and i ...
1.4 Different types of hernias
... Incisional hernias arise because of a lack of strength of the surgical scar. Contributory factors include wound infection, bleeding, impaired wound healing, patient’s poor general and nutritional status, special diseases such as diabetes or cancer, overweight, medications (in particular cortisone pr ...
... Incisional hernias arise because of a lack of strength of the surgical scar. Contributory factors include wound infection, bleeding, impaired wound healing, patient’s poor general and nutritional status, special diseases such as diabetes or cancer, overweight, medications (in particular cortisone pr ...
golgi apparatus, gerl, and lysosomes of neurons in rat dorsal root
... Rapid progress is currently being made in elucidating the functional roles of the Golgi apparatus . Two procedures have been largely responsible for this progress : (a) electron microscope radioautography, and (b) biochemical assay of Golgi-enriched fractions isolated from tissue homogenates . With ...
... Rapid progress is currently being made in elucidating the functional roles of the Golgi apparatus . Two procedures have been largely responsible for this progress : (a) electron microscope radioautography, and (b) biochemical assay of Golgi-enriched fractions isolated from tissue homogenates . With ...
–plasma-membrane junctions by Kv2.1 Induction of stable ER potassium channels
... <20 nm gap between the two membranes (Carrasco and Meyer, 2011; Orci et al., 2009). Thus, in order to examine the spatial relationship between Kv2.1 clusters on the plasma membrane and the underlying cER at high resolution, we used immuno-electron microscopy. HEK cells were either mock transfected ( ...
... <20 nm gap between the two membranes (Carrasco and Meyer, 2011; Orci et al., 2009). Thus, in order to examine the spatial relationship between Kv2.1 clusters on the plasma membrane and the underlying cER at high resolution, we used immuno-electron microscopy. HEK cells were either mock transfected ( ...
Down-Regulates Expression of Cell Proliferation
... Special Fellows, and B.B.A. is a Ransom Horne, Jr., Professor of Cancer Research at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center. Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at http://molpharm.aspetjournals.org. doi:10.1124/mol.105.017400. ...
... Special Fellows, and B.B.A. is a Ransom Horne, Jr., Professor of Cancer Research at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center. Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at http://molpharm.aspetjournals.org. doi:10.1124/mol.105.017400. ...
Sensitive Interaction between Raptor a
... the eIF-4E binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) (Brunn et al., 1997; Burnett et al., 1998; Isotani et al., 1999). Recent work suggests that deregulation of the mTOR pathway plays a role in the pathogenesis of human disease, as the pathway is constitutively active in tuberous sclerosis complex (Goncharova et a ...
... the eIF-4E binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) (Brunn et al., 1997; Burnett et al., 1998; Isotani et al., 1999). Recent work suggests that deregulation of the mTOR pathway plays a role in the pathogenesis of human disease, as the pathway is constitutively active in tuberous sclerosis complex (Goncharova et a ...
Type XIII collagen. Structural and functional characterization of the
... in various tissues and that it is mostly localized to cell-cell and cell-matrix contacts. In order to study type XIII collagen at the molecular level, the protein was expressed in insect cells as a homotrimer. The recombinant protein was found to reside in the plasma membrane of insect cells with it ...
... in various tissues and that it is mostly localized to cell-cell and cell-matrix contacts. In order to study type XIII collagen at the molecular level, the protein was expressed in insect cells as a homotrimer. The recombinant protein was found to reside in the plasma membrane of insect cells with it ...
Induction of stable ER–plasma-membrane junctions by Kv2.1
... <20 nm gap between the two membranes (Carrasco and Meyer, 2011; Orci et al., 2009). Thus, in order to examine the spatial relationship between Kv2.1 clusters on the plasma membrane and the underlying cER at high resolution, we used immuno-electron microscopy. HEK cells were either mock transfected ( ...
... <20 nm gap between the two membranes (Carrasco and Meyer, 2011; Orci et al., 2009). Thus, in order to examine the spatial relationship between Kv2.1 clusters on the plasma membrane and the underlying cER at high resolution, we used immuno-electron microscopy. HEK cells were either mock transfected ( ...
Characterization of the Visceral Endoderm Components in Early
... Curran, Joy Riley, Kristina Gonzalez and Sakthi Balaji for their friendship. I would like to show my gratitude to the members of my TRAC, Greg Pazour, Brian Lewis, Hong Zhang and James Li for their guidance and valuable suggestions over the years and also to Isabel Dominguez for contributing her tim ...
... Curran, Joy Riley, Kristina Gonzalez and Sakthi Balaji for their friendship. I would like to show my gratitude to the members of my TRAC, Greg Pazour, Brian Lewis, Hong Zhang and James Li for their guidance and valuable suggestions over the years and also to Isabel Dominguez for contributing her tim ...
Formation and excretion of autophagic plastids (plastolysomes) in
... The change in developmental fate of microspores reprogrammed toward embryogenesis is a complex but fascinating experimental system where microspores undergo dramatic changes derived from the developmental switch. After 40 years of study of the ultrastructural changes undergone by the induced microsp ...
... The change in developmental fate of microspores reprogrammed toward embryogenesis is a complex but fascinating experimental system where microspores undergo dramatic changes derived from the developmental switch. After 40 years of study of the ultrastructural changes undergone by the induced microsp ...
Concomitant appearance of intrinsic
... (Thomas e t al., 1978; Mishra & Prasad, 1989), stressinduced proteins (Boucherie, 1985 ; Lindquist & Craig, 1988; BataillC e t al., 1991 ; Collinson & Dawes, 1992; Sanchez e t al. ,1992 ;Parsell e t al., 1993), glycerol and other polyols (Brown e t al., 1986; Reed e t al., 1987), and trehalose (Gadd ...
... (Thomas e t al., 1978; Mishra & Prasad, 1989), stressinduced proteins (Boucherie, 1985 ; Lindquist & Craig, 1988; BataillC e t al., 1991 ; Collinson & Dawes, 1992; Sanchez e t al. ,1992 ;Parsell e t al., 1993), glycerol and other polyols (Brown e t al., 1986; Reed e t al., 1987), and trehalose (Gadd ...
Coordination of Hox identity between germ layers along the anterior
... During embryogenesis it is both common and essential that neighbouring cells but also tissues communicate with one another. There are several mechanisms to fulfil such requirement (e.g. via gap junctions, cell-to-cell adhesions or free diffusible molecules), though in the end they all provide with c ...
... During embryogenesis it is both common and essential that neighbouring cells but also tissues communicate with one another. There are several mechanisms to fulfil such requirement (e.g. via gap junctions, cell-to-cell adhesions or free diffusible molecules), though in the end they all provide with c ...
Two different but converging messenger pathways to intracellular
... play a role, but it would also seem reasonable to consider the possibility that other Ca2+-releasing messengers may be of functional importance. Both cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) and nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) release Ca2+ from sea-urchin egg microsomes (Galione, 1993; Genazz ...
... play a role, but it would also seem reasonable to consider the possibility that other Ca2+-releasing messengers may be of functional importance. Both cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) and nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) release Ca2+ from sea-urchin egg microsomes (Galione, 1993; Genazz ...
Induction of floor plate differentiation by contact
... required for the differentiation of the floor plate and ventral neurons. The ability to induce a floor plate is, however, not restricted to the notochord. Grafts of the floor plate can also induce floor plate cells and motor neurons in vivo (Placzek et al., 1991; Yamada et al., 1991; Ericson et al., ...
... required for the differentiation of the floor plate and ventral neurons. The ability to induce a floor plate is, however, not restricted to the notochord. Grafts of the floor plate can also induce floor plate cells and motor neurons in vivo (Placzek et al., 1991; Yamada et al., 1991; Ericson et al., ...
Exosomes: Implications in HIV-1 Pathogenesis
... in 2007, exosomes from human and murine mast cells were discovered to contain functional mRNA and miRNA that could be donated to recipient cells and translated into heterologous or homologous proteins [5]. Exosomes are membranous nanovesicles originating as a result of inward budding of endosomal me ...
... in 2007, exosomes from human and murine mast cells were discovered to contain functional mRNA and miRNA that could be donated to recipient cells and translated into heterologous or homologous proteins [5]. Exosomes are membranous nanovesicles originating as a result of inward budding of endosomal me ...
HELICOBACTER PYLORI VacA, A PARADIGM FOR TOXIN
... VacA cytotoxicity probably requires an initial interaction of monomeric forms of VacA with cells, and subsequent oligomerization contributes to the ability of VacA to form channels in cell membranes. The mature, secreted 88-kDa toxin can undergo limited proteolytic cleavage to yield two fragments — ...
... VacA cytotoxicity probably requires an initial interaction of monomeric forms of VacA with cells, and subsequent oligomerization contributes to the ability of VacA to form channels in cell membranes. The mature, secreted 88-kDa toxin can undergo limited proteolytic cleavage to yield two fragments — ...
Sears JC and Broihier HT
... neural stem cell homeostasis, neuronal polarity, neurite outgrowth, synaptic function, and memory consolidation (Christensen et al., 2011; la Torre-Ubieta et al., 2010; Paik et al., 2009; Renault et al., 2009; Salih et al., 2012). In addition, we previously found that the sole FoxO ortholog in Droso ...
... neural stem cell homeostasis, neuronal polarity, neurite outgrowth, synaptic function, and memory consolidation (Christensen et al., 2011; la Torre-Ubieta et al., 2010; Paik et al., 2009; Renault et al., 2009; Salih et al., 2012). In addition, we previously found that the sole FoxO ortholog in Droso ...
Low peak bone mass and attenuated anabolic response to
... dominant negative Cx43 mutant allele, Gja1Jrt (Flenniken et al., 2005). Interestingly, these animals have also generalized osteopenia, thus reinforcing the notion that functional Cx43 is important for bone mass accrual and maintenance. Such a premise could be tested in a full gene-deletion model, bu ...
... dominant negative Cx43 mutant allele, Gja1Jrt (Flenniken et al., 2005). Interestingly, these animals have also generalized osteopenia, thus reinforcing the notion that functional Cx43 is important for bone mass accrual and maintenance. Such a premise could be tested in a full gene-deletion model, bu ...
Low peak bone mass and attenuated anabolic response to
... dominant negative Cx43 mutant allele, Gja1Jrt (Flenniken et al., 2005). Interestingly, these animals have also generalized osteopenia, thus reinforcing the notion that functional Cx43 is important for bone mass accrual and maintenance. Such a premise could be tested in a full gene-deletion model, bu ...
... dominant negative Cx43 mutant allele, Gja1Jrt (Flenniken et al., 2005). Interestingly, these animals have also generalized osteopenia, thus reinforcing the notion that functional Cx43 is important for bone mass accrual and maintenance. Such a premise could be tested in a full gene-deletion model, bu ...
Dissecting stimulus-specific Ca2+ signals in amyloplasts and
... chloroplasts, and in plastids in general, is still elusive, with only little information so far available on the involvement of plastids in Ca2+ homeostasis and the generation of specific Ca2+ signals inside the plastids (Nomura and Shiina, 2014). Moreover, it has to be considered that different fun ...
... chloroplasts, and in plastids in general, is still elusive, with only little information so far available on the involvement of plastids in Ca2+ homeostasis and the generation of specific Ca2+ signals inside the plastids (Nomura and Shiina, 2014). Moreover, it has to be considered that different fun ...
Plant Growth Regulation
... Institute (Guangzhou, China). Embryos of similar size and fresh weight were selected after they have been dissected from mango fruits. Embryos were rinsed with tap water for 1 h and then surface-sterilized with 10% (v/v) commercial bleach for 10 min. After five washes in sterile distilled water, emb ...
... Institute (Guangzhou, China). Embryos of similar size and fresh weight were selected after they have been dissected from mango fruits. Embryos were rinsed with tap water for 1 h and then surface-sterilized with 10% (v/v) commercial bleach for 10 min. After five washes in sterile distilled water, emb ...
Short- and long-range functions of Goosecoid in
... organizer, elicits partial secondary axes when expressed ventrally in Xenopus, similar to an organizer transplant. Although gsc is expressed in all vertebrate organizers examined, knockout studies in mouse suggested that it is not required for DV patterning. Moreover, experiments in Xenopus and zebr ...
... organizer, elicits partial secondary axes when expressed ventrally in Xenopus, similar to an organizer transplant. Although gsc is expressed in all vertebrate organizers examined, knockout studies in mouse suggested that it is not required for DV patterning. Moreover, experiments in Xenopus and zebr ...
Ectopic Expression of AINTEGUMENTA in Arabidopsis Plants
... Flowers are derived from groups of undifferentiated cells called floral meristems. Floral organ primordia arise at defined positions from within these meristems, grow, and eventually differentiate into the four organs of a flower (sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels). As plant cells do not undergo ...
... Flowers are derived from groups of undifferentiated cells called floral meristems. Floral organ primordia arise at defined positions from within these meristems, grow, and eventually differentiate into the four organs of a flower (sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels). As plant cells do not undergo ...
Tissue engineering
Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, engineering and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to improve or replace biological functions. While it was once categorized as a sub-field of biomaterials, having grown in scope and importance it can be considered as a field in its own right.While most definitions of tissue engineering cover a broad range of applications, in practice the term is closely associated with applications that repair or replace portions of or whole tissues (i.e., bone, cartilage, blood vessels, bladder, skin, muscle etc.). Often, the tissues involved require certain mechanical and structural properties for proper functioning. The term has also been applied to efforts to perform specific biochemical functions using cells within an artificially-created support system (e.g. an artificial pancreas, or a bio artificial liver). The term regenerative medicine is often used synonymously with tissue engineering, although those involved in regenerative medicine place more emphasis on the use of stem cells or progenitor cells to produce tissues.