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Endosomes/Lysosomes in Macrophages Fusion between
... responsible for phagocyte binding to apoptotic cells have been proposed (reviewed in Refs. 4, 12, and 13). Immunity is central to the self-defense mechanism, which can be divided into the innate and adaptive immune responses. Innate immunity is defined as a mechanism by which self and non-self are d ...
... responsible for phagocyte binding to apoptotic cells have been proposed (reviewed in Refs. 4, 12, and 13). Immunity is central to the self-defense mechanism, which can be divided into the innate and adaptive immune responses. Innate immunity is defined as a mechanism by which self and non-self are d ...
Sequential depolarization of root cortical and stelar cells induced by
... Na+ was administered) turned out to be a trait that correlated strongly with the ability to thrive at high salt concentrations among a collection of barley cultivars, and K+ flux measurements could be employed to screen for salt tolerance of a particular cultivar (Chen et al. 2005). Na+-induced effl ...
... Na+ was administered) turned out to be a trait that correlated strongly with the ability to thrive at high salt concentrations among a collection of barley cultivars, and K+ flux measurements could be employed to screen for salt tolerance of a particular cultivar (Chen et al. 2005). Na+-induced effl ...
The 21-day postnatal rat ventricular cardiac muscle cell in culture as
... study the mechanism(s) by which cardiac muscle cells permanently exit the cell cycle during early neonatal life. Ventricular cardiomyocytes, isolated by retrograde perfusion of hearts from 21-day-old and adult rats, were compared through 10 days of culture. Expression patterns of genes encoding deve ...
... study the mechanism(s) by which cardiac muscle cells permanently exit the cell cycle during early neonatal life. Ventricular cardiomyocytes, isolated by retrograde perfusion of hearts from 21-day-old and adult rats, were compared through 10 days of culture. Expression patterns of genes encoding deve ...
Secured cutting: controlling separase at the metaphase to anaphase
... activity? The answer is open. It could be just as for the related caspases: cleavage of an inactive proform of separase may be necessary to produce the actual protease. If separase is a selfcleaving protease, a positive feedback loop may exist, and this could cause the sudden activation of many mole ...
... activity? The answer is open. It could be just as for the related caspases: cleavage of an inactive proform of separase may be necessary to produce the actual protease. If separase is a selfcleaving protease, a positive feedback loop may exist, and this could cause the sudden activation of many mole ...
05_Microb_biofilm_I_2014
... Their influence depends on the concentration and duration of exposure Various microbes markedly differ in relative resistance to different types of toxic substances In general (and contrary to drying): G– bacteria are more resistant to toxic substances than G+ bacteria (because of different structur ...
... Their influence depends on the concentration and duration of exposure Various microbes markedly differ in relative resistance to different types of toxic substances In general (and contrary to drying): G– bacteria are more resistant to toxic substances than G+ bacteria (because of different structur ...
Gene Deletion Screen for Cardiomyopathy in Adult Drosophila
... molecular pathways and pathophysiology of cardiomyopathy. However, genetic screens in mammalian models are complicated by time and effort required to identify the gene responsible for disease-related phenotypes.1–3 As a model system of human diseases, Drosophila has several advantages including effi ...
... molecular pathways and pathophysiology of cardiomyopathy. However, genetic screens in mammalian models are complicated by time and effort required to identify the gene responsible for disease-related phenotypes.1–3 As a model system of human diseases, Drosophila has several advantages including effi ...
Cell Functions Phospholipid-Binding Motif that Regulates T Subunit
... multiple effector and adaptor proteins. Mutation of the CD3 ITAM reduces the efficiency of positive selection in low avidity TCR transgenic lines (5). This is consistent with observations that the number of TCR ITAMs available for phosphorylation directly regulates both positive and negative selec ...
... multiple effector and adaptor proteins. Mutation of the CD3 ITAM reduces the efficiency of positive selection in low avidity TCR transgenic lines (5). This is consistent with observations that the number of TCR ITAMs available for phosphorylation directly regulates both positive and negative selec ...
Characterization of CIC transporter proteins Moradi, Hossein
... number of small lipophilic molecules, like O2 and CO2, can traverse the membrane unmediated, biological membranes contain various systems that allow the controlled passage of molecules. These systems are hydrophobic proteins that are inserted in the ...
... number of small lipophilic molecules, like O2 and CO2, can traverse the membrane unmediated, biological membranes contain various systems that allow the controlled passage of molecules. These systems are hydrophobic proteins that are inserted in the ...
PDF
... Normal axonal development in T. rude Axonal outgrowth during T. rude development was examined in germinal plates dissected from embryos fixed at progressively later stages and then immunostained with a crossreacting antibody directed against acetylated α-tubulin (ACT). Previous studies demonstrate t ...
... Normal axonal development in T. rude Axonal outgrowth during T. rude development was examined in germinal plates dissected from embryos fixed at progressively later stages and then immunostained with a crossreacting antibody directed against acetylated α-tubulin (ACT). Previous studies demonstrate t ...
Rb is required for progression through myogenic differentiation but
... To investigate the cellular basis for the muscle deficits in newborn Rbf/f:Myf5-Cre mice, we isolated primary myoblasts from Rbf/f adult muscle. To generate null mutations in Rb, we infected primary myoblasts isolated from Rbf/f mice with Cre-expressing adenovirus (Ad-Cre; Anton and Graham, 1995). M ...
... To investigate the cellular basis for the muscle deficits in newborn Rbf/f:Myf5-Cre mice, we isolated primary myoblasts from Rbf/f adult muscle. To generate null mutations in Rb, we infected primary myoblasts isolated from Rbf/f mice with Cre-expressing adenovirus (Ad-Cre; Anton and Graham, 1995). M ...
Uptake of Dissolved Organic Selenides by Marine Phytoplankton
... Total and particle-associated radioactivity were measured prior to adding cells and four to five times over the next 5 d (Fisher and Wente 1993). Initial values (before the addition of cells) were subtracted from later values to correct for adsorption of organic Se onto the filters, typically 1%–2% ...
... Total and particle-associated radioactivity were measured prior to adding cells and four to five times over the next 5 d (Fisher and Wente 1993). Initial values (before the addition of cells) were subtracted from later values to correct for adsorption of organic Se onto the filters, typically 1%–2% ...
A Pd8 Tetrafacial Molecular Barrel as Carrier for Water Insoluble
... synthesis of the famous “molecular square” in 1990 via this approach, the next two decades have seen a tremendous growth in this field with the introduction of numerous fascinating twodimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) architectures of diverse shapes, sizes and functionality.2 While, the “mo ...
... synthesis of the famous “molecular square” in 1990 via this approach, the next two decades have seen a tremendous growth in this field with the introduction of numerous fascinating twodimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) architectures of diverse shapes, sizes and functionality.2 While, the “mo ...
Neutrophils injure cultured skeletal myotubes
... epidermal growth factor (EGF), 10 g/ml insulin, 50 g/ml fetuin, 50 g/ml bovine serum albumin, 375 ng/ml dexamethasone, 50 g/ml gentamicin, and 50 ng/ml amphotericin-B. Myoblasts were maintained in a humidified, 37°C, and 5% CO2 atmosphere. At ⬃90% confluence, the growth medium was exchanged for ...
... epidermal growth factor (EGF), 10 g/ml insulin, 50 g/ml fetuin, 50 g/ml bovine serum albumin, 375 ng/ml dexamethasone, 50 g/ml gentamicin, and 50 ng/ml amphotericin-B. Myoblasts were maintained in a humidified, 37°C, and 5% CO2 atmosphere. At ⬃90% confluence, the growth medium was exchanged for ...
Promoting central nervous system regeneration: Lessons from
... might be much slower with some receptor cells in mice living up to 12 months of age, i.e. to at least half the average life expectancy of this species (Hinds et al., 1984; Mackay-Sim & Kittel 1991a, b). The majority of adult-born cells in the OE do not appear to mature or survive long-term and most ...
... might be much slower with some receptor cells in mice living up to 12 months of age, i.e. to at least half the average life expectancy of this species (Hinds et al., 1984; Mackay-Sim & Kittel 1991a, b). The majority of adult-born cells in the OE do not appear to mature or survive long-term and most ...
Somatic Embryogenesis
... method of micropropagation where shoot culture has not been successful (but note however that in some attempts to clone oil palms through embryogenesis, the resulting plants have been very variable); • Providing embryogenic cell suspensions can be established, plantlets can theoretically be produced ...
... method of micropropagation where shoot culture has not been successful (but note however that in some attempts to clone oil palms through embryogenesis, the resulting plants have been very variable); • Providing embryogenic cell suspensions can be established, plantlets can theoretically be produced ...
... Vancouver strain are now occurring in the United States (54). Given that there are clinical differences in cryptococcosis caused by the two cryptococcal species, there is a need for rapid diagnostic tests that can distinguish these isolates. The classical methodology for distinguishing between serot ...
The tumor suppressor Scrib interacts with the zyxin
... shown that the three LIM domains of LPP have transcriptional activation capacity [11], this bait, although well expressed, did not activate the reporter genes in yeast cells (results not shown). This is similar to what has been found for zyxin's LIM domains [22], but in contrast to what has been fou ...
... shown that the three LIM domains of LPP have transcriptional activation capacity [11], this bait, although well expressed, did not activate the reporter genes in yeast cells (results not shown). This is similar to what has been found for zyxin's LIM domains [22], but in contrast to what has been fou ...
biofilms as complex differentiated communities
... or more distinct biofilm phenotypes presage a new concept in which biofilms are seen as complex differentiated communities. Observations of biofilms formed in pure cultures of the gamma proteobacteria group of bacteria and of mixed species biofilms in natural ecosystems show a basic organization in ...
... or more distinct biofilm phenotypes presage a new concept in which biofilms are seen as complex differentiated communities. Observations of biofilms formed in pure cultures of the gamma proteobacteria group of bacteria and of mixed species biofilms in natural ecosystems show a basic organization in ...
Soluble factors from human endometrium promote angiogenesis
... device. In all women in the endometriotic group of this study the clinical diagnosis of endometriosis was confirmed laparoscopically. Women in the non-endometriotic group had no symptoms of endometriosis and in addition, 6 out of the 10 women in this group had the absence of endometriosis confirmed ...
... device. In all women in the endometriotic group of this study the clinical diagnosis of endometriosis was confirmed laparoscopically. Women in the non-endometriotic group had no symptoms of endometriosis and in addition, 6 out of the 10 women in this group had the absence of endometriosis confirmed ...
the 5 kingdmcard 5 - Henrico County Public Schools
... Vascular plants have tubes to transport water and nutrients. Nonvascular plants do not have a system of tubes. SOL 5.5 ...
... Vascular plants have tubes to transport water and nutrients. Nonvascular plants do not have a system of tubes. SOL 5.5 ...
Coers, J, Bernstein-Hanley, I, Grotsky, D
... was generated by taking advantage of the fact that most mouse knockout strains have been made using 129-derived embryonic stem cell lines and subsequently backcrossed to B6 mice, thus creating 129 congenic mice on a B6 background. To make the B6.Ctrq3129 strain, the congenic mouse strain B6.129S2-Ir ...
... was generated by taking advantage of the fact that most mouse knockout strains have been made using 129-derived embryonic stem cell lines and subsequently backcrossed to B6 mice, thus creating 129 congenic mice on a B6 background. To make the B6.Ctrq3129 strain, the congenic mouse strain B6.129S2-Ir ...
The physical basis of active mechanosensitivity by the hair
... currents show no sign of fast adaptation or Ca2þ sensitivity [42]. Alternatively, a protein associated with the channel may change conformation [31] or reduce its stiffness [43] to relax tip-link tension and in turn allow channel reclosure. The involvement of myosin 1c in fast adaptation points to t ...
... currents show no sign of fast adaptation or Ca2þ sensitivity [42]. Alternatively, a protein associated with the channel may change conformation [31] or reduce its stiffness [43] to relax tip-link tension and in turn allow channel reclosure. The involvement of myosin 1c in fast adaptation points to t ...
Transcriptional Control of Endothelial Cell Development
... et al., 1998; Figure 2). Interestingly, blood vessels do form in the absence of Tal1, suggesting that this transcription factor may not be required for the initial specification of endothelial cells (Patterson et al., 2005; Visvader et al., 1998). On the other hand, overexpression of Tal1 induces ex ...
... et al., 1998; Figure 2). Interestingly, blood vessels do form in the absence of Tal1, suggesting that this transcription factor may not be required for the initial specification of endothelial cells (Patterson et al., 2005; Visvader et al., 1998). On the other hand, overexpression of Tal1 induces ex ...
here - The Nebenführ Lab
... shown). The gradual loss of Golgi stacks and the simultaneous increase in ER-like fluorescence are indicative of a redistribution of the GmMan1-GFP Golgi marker into the ER. Although some of the ER-like fluorescence may have resulted from newly synthesized GFP in the ER, the speed with which the flu ...
... shown). The gradual loss of Golgi stacks and the simultaneous increase in ER-like fluorescence are indicative of a redistribution of the GmMan1-GFP Golgi marker into the ER. Although some of the ER-like fluorescence may have resulted from newly synthesized GFP in the ER, the speed with which the flu ...
Curriculum Guide Template DRAFT
... • Calculate total magnification as well as steps in proper microscope usage. • Describe the hierarchy of cell organization: cells→tissues→organs→organ systems. • Describe the structure of cells as it relates to their specific functions. • Distinguish between a variety of cells with particular emphas ...
... • Calculate total magnification as well as steps in proper microscope usage. • Describe the hierarchy of cell organization: cells→tissues→organs→organ systems. • Describe the structure of cells as it relates to their specific functions. • Distinguish between a variety of cells with particular emphas ...
Cell culture
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cell_Culture_in_a_tiny_Petri_dish.jpg?width=300)
Cell culture is the process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside of their natural environment. In practice, the term ""cell culture"" now refers to the culturing of cells derived from multicellular eukaryotes, especially animal cells, in contrast with other types of culture that also grow cells, such as plant tissue culture, fungal culture, and microbiological culture (of microbes). The historical development and methods of cell culture are closely interrelated to those of tissue culture and organ culture. Viral culture is also related, with cells as hosts for the viruses. The laboratory technique of maintaining live cell lines (a population of cells descended from a single cell and containing the same genetic makeup) separated from their original tissue source became more robust in the middle 20th century.