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Computational modelling of mitotic exit in budding yeast: the role of
... A mathematical model with reduced number of components was developed previously for the budding yeast ME transition from metaphase (i.e. high Cdk1 activity) to G1 (i.e. low Cdk1 activity state) [11,12]. Queralt’s model (QM) centres around the non-proteolytic function of separase (Esp1), which trigge ...
... A mathematical model with reduced number of components was developed previously for the budding yeast ME transition from metaphase (i.e. high Cdk1 activity) to G1 (i.e. low Cdk1 activity state) [11,12]. Queralt’s model (QM) centres around the non-proteolytic function of separase (Esp1), which trigge ...
BAFF, APRIL and their receptors: Structure, function - Serval
... primers. In conclusion, conserved splicing events are relatively few (BAFF and to a certain extent TWE-PRIL). Most other splicing events are species-specific, and therefore unlikely to play major biological roles. 1.2. Specificity of BAFF and APRIL interactions Determining the true affinities of BAF ...
... primers. In conclusion, conserved splicing events are relatively few (BAFF and to a certain extent TWE-PRIL). Most other splicing events are species-specific, and therefore unlikely to play major biological roles. 1.2. Specificity of BAFF and APRIL interactions Determining the true affinities of BAF ...
Rat Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells Show Specificity of
... swelling of ROS (29), while low temperature (4°C) and low pH (6.0) were used to minimize actin microfilament destruction by osmium tetroxide (39). Fixed cell colonies were stored overnight in 0.2 M cacodylate buffer conraining 7% sucrose. Coverslips were rinsed 2 x 5 min with water, dehydrated rapid ...
... swelling of ROS (29), while low temperature (4°C) and low pH (6.0) were used to minimize actin microfilament destruction by osmium tetroxide (39). Fixed cell colonies were stored overnight in 0.2 M cacodylate buffer conraining 7% sucrose. Coverslips were rinsed 2 x 5 min with water, dehydrated rapid ...
FKBP12-rapamycin-associated protein associates
... cells to sorbitol-induced hyperosmolarity causes a marked decline in mitochondrial proton gradient within minutes. The decline in mitochondrial function in response to osmotic stress is time-dependent, dose-dependent, and almost completely reversible (Fig. 2 A and B). Because mitochondrial dysfuncti ...
... cells to sorbitol-induced hyperosmolarity causes a marked decline in mitochondrial proton gradient within minutes. The decline in mitochondrial function in response to osmotic stress is time-dependent, dose-dependent, and almost completely reversible (Fig. 2 A and B). Because mitochondrial dysfuncti ...
Dispersal of Golgi matrix proteins during mitotic Golgi
... analysis was performed by collecting a stack of images by deconvolution microscopy. Total fluorescence above background, as well as fluorescence attributed to objects, was then analyzed in three dimensions. To reduce experimental bias and to account for possible variation between cells, a statistica ...
... analysis was performed by collecting a stack of images by deconvolution microscopy. Total fluorescence above background, as well as fluorescence attributed to objects, was then analyzed in three dimensions. To reduce experimental bias and to account for possible variation between cells, a statistica ...
Does multiple freezing and thawing cycles of
... compounds, not many studies are available investigating this issue. In literature, there are different studies investigating whether the freezing and thawing procedure has any effect on detection of antibodies against measles, rubella, mumps viruses in human serum and the detection of HBV-DNA with t ...
... compounds, not many studies are available investigating this issue. In literature, there are different studies investigating whether the freezing and thawing procedure has any effect on detection of antibodies against measles, rubella, mumps viruses in human serum and the detection of HBV-DNA with t ...
CASK (LIN2) interacts with Cx43 in wounded skin and their
... In vertebrates, connexin proteins assemble into tightly packed gap junctional channels to connect the cytoplasms of adjacent cells via an aqueous-filled channel. Gap junctions allow the passive diffusion of molecules lower than 1000 Da in size such as ions, amino acids, nutrients and secondary messe ...
... In vertebrates, connexin proteins assemble into tightly packed gap junctional channels to connect the cytoplasms of adjacent cells via an aqueous-filled channel. Gap junctions allow the passive diffusion of molecules lower than 1000 Da in size such as ions, amino acids, nutrients and secondary messe ...
Threshold Levels of Fluid Shear Promote Leukocyte
... St. Louis, MO) and leupeptin (5 mg/ml; Sigma Chemical Co.). P23 (anti–Pselectin) was coupled to Sepharose (CNBr-activated 4B; Pharmacia Biotech AB, Uppsala, Sweden) (Ma et al., 1994), the platelet lysate was passed over the P23 column twice, and P-selectin was eluted with acetate buffer (50 mM, pH 3 ...
... St. Louis, MO) and leupeptin (5 mg/ml; Sigma Chemical Co.). P23 (anti–Pselectin) was coupled to Sepharose (CNBr-activated 4B; Pharmacia Biotech AB, Uppsala, Sweden) (Ma et al., 1994), the platelet lysate was passed over the P23 column twice, and P-selectin was eluted with acetate buffer (50 mM, pH 3 ...
hepatitis c virus entry: molecular mechanisms and - HAL
... N-terminal region of E1 have been shown to inhibit HCV-LP binding (15, 28) as well as HCV infection of a ...
... N-terminal region of E1 have been shown to inhibit HCV-LP binding (15, 28) as well as HCV infection of a ...
Daughter-Specific Transcription Factors Regulate Cell Size Control
... obvious in mother cells. In part this is because mother cells are almost always born larger than daughters [3], but it has also been shown that daughters are slower to pass Start than mothers even when both are made equally large (greater than normal mother or daughter size) [19]. This finding sugge ...
... obvious in mother cells. In part this is because mother cells are almost always born larger than daughters [3], but it has also been shown that daughters are slower to pass Start than mothers even when both are made equally large (greater than normal mother or daughter size) [19]. This finding sugge ...
Plasma membrane HATPase regulation is required for auxin
... need to be transported in or out of a cell with a larger volume than a cell with a smaller volume. In addition, for the nearly cylindrical cells found in etiolated hypocotyls, the ratio of cell surface to cell volume decreases with increasing diameter. Considering that the cell surface is the interf ...
... need to be transported in or out of a cell with a larger volume than a cell with a smaller volume. In addition, for the nearly cylindrical cells found in etiolated hypocotyls, the ratio of cell surface to cell volume decreases with increasing diameter. Considering that the cell surface is the interf ...
Diuretics - AState.edu
... Effect of two or more diuretics from different classes is additive or synergistic if there sites or mechanisms of action are different ...
... Effect of two or more diuretics from different classes is additive or synergistic if there sites or mechanisms of action are different ...
Levels of Ycg1 Limit Condensin Function during the Cell Cycle
... One important factor involved in controlling interphase and mitotic chromosome conformations is the condensin complex [4]. Condensin is a conserved eukaryotic complex that is comprised of five protein subunits: two core ATPase subunits (Smc2 and Smc4), a kleisin subunit (CAP-H/Brn1), and two HEAT-re ...
... One important factor involved in controlling interphase and mitotic chromosome conformations is the condensin complex [4]. Condensin is a conserved eukaryotic complex that is comprised of five protein subunits: two core ATPase subunits (Smc2 and Smc4), a kleisin subunit (CAP-H/Brn1), and two HEAT-re ...
Phloem Structure and Function
... In terms of phloem transport, the osmotic differential is maintained as assimilates (sugars) are ‘loaded’ into sieve elements in source tissues (location of photosynthate production or remobilization) and ‘unloaded’ from sieve elements in sink tissues (location of photosynthate consumption or storage ...
... In terms of phloem transport, the osmotic differential is maintained as assimilates (sugars) are ‘loaded’ into sieve elements in source tissues (location of photosynthate production or remobilization) and ‘unloaded’ from sieve elements in sink tissues (location of photosynthate consumption or storage ...
Antibody Binding to Cryptococcus neoformans Impairs Budding by
... cell’s volume) and is essential for virulence (4, 5). The cryptococcal capsule exhibits strong antiphagocytic properties (6, 7), isolating the fungal cell from host immune factors and pattern recognition receptors on immune cells (8). Macromolecular analysis of extracted PSs suggests that the capsul ...
... cell’s volume) and is essential for virulence (4, 5). The cryptococcal capsule exhibits strong antiphagocytic properties (6, 7), isolating the fungal cell from host immune factors and pattern recognition receptors on immune cells (8). Macromolecular analysis of extracted PSs suggests that the capsul ...
Micronuclei Bearing Acentric Extrachromosomal Chromatin Are
... the chromosome-type micronuclei. It has been reported that at least some chromosome-type micronuclei lack a nuclear lamina and are devoid of lamin B protein (a major constituent of the nuclear lamina) and the nuclear pore complex (11-13). On the other hand, generation of DM-type micronuclei depended ...
... the chromosome-type micronuclei. It has been reported that at least some chromosome-type micronuclei lack a nuclear lamina and are devoid of lamin B protein (a major constituent of the nuclear lamina) and the nuclear pore complex (11-13). On the other hand, generation of DM-type micronuclei depended ...
Slides 3.1
... Epithelium Characteristics Cells fit closely together Tissue layer always has one free surface The lower surface is bound by a basement membrane Avascular (have no blood supply) Regenerate easily if well nourished Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
... Epithelium Characteristics Cells fit closely together Tissue layer always has one free surface The lower surface is bound by a basement membrane Avascular (have no blood supply) Regenerate easily if well nourished Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
The Role of the Plant Nucleolus in Pre-mRNA Processing
... to the mature 5.8S, 18S and 25–28S rRNAs. Processing of pre-rRNAs involves (a) cleavage of the transcript into precursors of the mature rRNAs and trimming of these precursors to their final size and (b) modification of specific rRNA nucleotides. The best-characterised pathway of pre-rRNA processing ...
... to the mature 5.8S, 18S and 25–28S rRNAs. Processing of pre-rRNAs involves (a) cleavage of the transcript into precursors of the mature rRNAs and trimming of these precursors to their final size and (b) modification of specific rRNA nucleotides. The best-characterised pathway of pre-rRNA processing ...
Spatiotemporal Patterning of Reactive Oxygen Production and Ca2+
... propagated through the cell as a unidirectional wave with an estimated velocity of 15 m/s, reaching peak levels of at least 1 M (Figure 1E). The apical Ca2 gradient also was apparent on return to seawater (Figure 1E, a and b). Smaller excursions at resting Ca2 were observed occasionally, occurri ...
... propagated through the cell as a unidirectional wave with an estimated velocity of 15 m/s, reaching peak levels of at least 1 M (Figure 1E). The apical Ca2 gradient also was apparent on return to seawater (Figure 1E, a and b). Smaller excursions at resting Ca2 were observed occasionally, occurri ...
Penicillin Production
... There are two different categories of penicillin. Biosynthetic penicillin is natural penicillin that is harvested from the mould itself through fermentation. The other form of penicillin is known as semi-synthetic. There are all kinds of what are called semisynthetic derivatives of penicillin - like ...
... There are two different categories of penicillin. Biosynthetic penicillin is natural penicillin that is harvested from the mould itself through fermentation. The other form of penicillin is known as semi-synthetic. There are all kinds of what are called semisynthetic derivatives of penicillin - like ...
Serine/Threonine Kinase 3-Phosphoinositide
... To execute persistent migration, cells establish leading and trailing edges in which different signaling pathways stimulate membrane protrusion and retraction, respectively. In most cases, cell orientation is determined by external gradients of soluble and/or adhesive factors. Even in the absence of ...
... To execute persistent migration, cells establish leading and trailing edges in which different signaling pathways stimulate membrane protrusion and retraction, respectively. In most cases, cell orientation is determined by external gradients of soluble and/or adhesive factors. Even in the absence of ...
Full Text - Molecular Cancer Research
... and CDC25C. CDC25A seems to act alone in controlling entry from G1 to S and intra-S progression, whereas all 3 CDC25 genes function in G2–M progression (16). The developmental roles of Cdc25 have been partially defined. In mice, Cdc25A is essential for embryonic development. Cdc25A/ embryos are res ...
... and CDC25C. CDC25A seems to act alone in controlling entry from G1 to S and intra-S progression, whereas all 3 CDC25 genes function in G2–M progression (16). The developmental roles of Cdc25 have been partially defined. In mice, Cdc25A is essential for embryonic development. Cdc25A/ embryos are res ...
A novel role for microglia in minimizing excitotoxicity | BMC Biology
... whose function is a longstanding mystery. Unlike other glial cells - the astrocytes and oligodendrocytes - micro glia derive from cells of the immune system. As such, they act as first responders to direct CNS damage and peripheral insults, a response characterized by rapid hypertrophy of their lon ...
... whose function is a longstanding mystery. Unlike other glial cells - the astrocytes and oligodendrocytes - micro glia derive from cells of the immune system. As such, they act as first responders to direct CNS damage and peripheral insults, a response characterized by rapid hypertrophy of their lon ...
FOXP3: Of Mice and Men
... CD4+ T cells has deleterious effects on their ability to respond normally to TCR-mediated signals (13, 14), the fact that a population of Foxp3+ T cells exists suggests a role for this protein in CD4+ T cell function. Clues for this function come from an initial analysis of the cells that express Fo ...
... CD4+ T cells has deleterious effects on their ability to respond normally to TCR-mediated signals (13, 14), the fact that a population of Foxp3+ T cells exists suggests a role for this protein in CD4+ T cell function. Clues for this function come from an initial analysis of the cells that express Fo ...
Cell culture
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cell_Culture_in_a_tiny_Petri_dish.jpg?width=300)
Cell culture is the process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside of their natural environment. In practice, the term ""cell culture"" now refers to the culturing of cells derived from multicellular eukaryotes, especially animal cells, in contrast with other types of culture that also grow cells, such as plant tissue culture, fungal culture, and microbiological culture (of microbes). The historical development and methods of cell culture are closely interrelated to those of tissue culture and organ culture. Viral culture is also related, with cells as hosts for the viruses. The laboratory technique of maintaining live cell lines (a population of cells descended from a single cell and containing the same genetic makeup) separated from their original tissue source became more robust in the middle 20th century.