VASCULAR TISSUE DIFFERENTIATION AND
... evolved to have a variety of organizations (28). In a given cross section of primary stems and roots, the most prominent variation of anatomical structures among different species is the organization of vascular tissues. In the stems of woody plants, the vascular tissue, secondary xylem or wood, pro ...
... evolved to have a variety of organizations (28). In a given cross section of primary stems and roots, the most prominent variation of anatomical structures among different species is the organization of vascular tissues. In the stems of woody plants, the vascular tissue, secondary xylem or wood, pro ...
Role of CD26-adenosine deaminase interaction in T cell
... ecto-ADA co-localize on the cell surface but not inside the cells. This indicates that CD26 does not transport ADA to the T cell plasma membrane. Also, when murine cells transfected with human CD26 are co-cultured with CD26 deficient human cells, murine cells are able to acquire human ADA on their s ...
... ecto-ADA co-localize on the cell surface but not inside the cells. This indicates that CD26 does not transport ADA to the T cell plasma membrane. Also, when murine cells transfected with human CD26 are co-cultured with CD26 deficient human cells, murine cells are able to acquire human ADA on their s ...
dravhandling-hafte - DUO
... of proteins between membrane compartments of the secretory pathway takes place in a sequential manner involving both coated vesicular and tubular carriers. Secretory proteins must be sorted from residential ones and become enriched in transport carriers before undergoing the next step. All proteins ...
... of proteins between membrane compartments of the secretory pathway takes place in a sequential manner involving both coated vesicular and tubular carriers. Secretory proteins must be sorted from residential ones and become enriched in transport carriers before undergoing the next step. All proteins ...
Cell delamination in the mesencephalic neural fold
... of ectodermal and mesodermal markers, such as platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRα) (Weston et al., 2004). This idea is supported by the finding that these cells were found in established mouse strains that label the ectomesenchyme (Breau et al., 2008). Studies have yet to directly ...
... of ectodermal and mesodermal markers, such as platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRα) (Weston et al., 2004). This idea is supported by the finding that these cells were found in established mouse strains that label the ectomesenchyme (Breau et al., 2008). Studies have yet to directly ...
Regeneration in the aging peripheral nervous system The Harvard
... about them, in antagonistic pleiotropy, these traits are actually directly selected for. This theory relies on the fact that many, if not all, genes are pleiotropic, likely exerting some beneficial effects and some negative ones. From an evolutionary point of view, a small beneficial effect early in ...
... about them, in antagonistic pleiotropy, these traits are actually directly selected for. This theory relies on the fact that many, if not all, genes are pleiotropic, likely exerting some beneficial effects and some negative ones. From an evolutionary point of view, a small beneficial effect early in ...
SirA enforces diploidy by inhibiting the replication
... copies of the -7° locus per nucleoid (Fig. 3B). This number is consistent with the chromosomal content of B. subtilis grown under our conditions, where celldoubling time is ~30 min (Haeusser and Levin, 2008). In support of the idea that SirA inhibits replication initiation, following 60 min of induc ...
... copies of the -7° locus per nucleoid (Fig. 3B). This number is consistent with the chromosomal content of B. subtilis grown under our conditions, where celldoubling time is ~30 min (Haeusser and Levin, 2008). In support of the idea that SirA inhibits replication initiation, following 60 min of induc ...
Physiology Lecture 63
... Kupffer cells lining the liver sinusoids, showing phagocytosis of India ink particles into the cytoplasm of the Kupffer cells. Tanveer Raza MD MS MBBS [email protected] ...
... Kupffer cells lining the liver sinusoids, showing phagocytosis of India ink particles into the cytoplasm of the Kupffer cells. Tanveer Raza MD MS MBBS [email protected] ...
PDF
... The sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), although not arranged to form the typical transverse tubule system (the triad) with the extracellular membrane, is present at several locations and, similar to vertebrate striated muscle, might serve as calcium storage (Kier, 1985). At the fiber border the SR forms t ...
... The sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), although not arranged to form the typical transverse tubule system (the triad) with the extracellular membrane, is present at several locations and, similar to vertebrate striated muscle, might serve as calcium storage (Kier, 1985). At the fiber border the SR forms t ...
spleen-facilitated vesiculation Hemoglobin loss
... In previous studies we showed that approximately 20% of hemoglobin is lost from the circulating red blood cell (RBC).1,2 Moreover, it was clear that this loss increases substantially during the second half of the RBC life span.2 In accordance, RBC cohort studies using isotope-labeled glycine demonst ...
... In previous studies we showed that approximately 20% of hemoglobin is lost from the circulating red blood cell (RBC).1,2 Moreover, it was clear that this loss increases substantially during the second half of the RBC life span.2 In accordance, RBC cohort studies using isotope-labeled glycine demonst ...
Novel Insights into Vacuole-mediated Control of Plant Growth and
... Plant vacuoles are multifunctional organelles that play important roles in plant development and growth. Vacuoles occupy most of the plant cell volume (up to 90%) and control turgor pressure required for cell expansion (Zhang et al., 2014; Marty, 1999). In addition, they are involved in the storage ...
... Plant vacuoles are multifunctional organelles that play important roles in plant development and growth. Vacuoles occupy most of the plant cell volume (up to 90%) and control turgor pressure required for cell expansion (Zhang et al., 2014; Marty, 1999). In addition, they are involved in the storage ...
plantcell.org - Photon Systems Instruments
... theraxanthin and violaxanthin (npq2), the development of NPQ is more rapid than in wild-type cells, although the extent of NPQ remains unchanged (Niyogi et al., 1998). Recent research has focused on whether the role of zeaxanthin in thermal dissipation is direct, with zeaxanthin quenching singlet ch ...
... theraxanthin and violaxanthin (npq2), the development of NPQ is more rapid than in wild-type cells, although the extent of NPQ remains unchanged (Niyogi et al., 1998). Recent research has focused on whether the role of zeaxanthin in thermal dissipation is direct, with zeaxanthin quenching singlet ch ...
Proper Folding and Endoplasmic Reticulum to Golgi
... The abbreviations used are: ER, endoplasmic reticulum; TYR, tyrosinase; WGA, wheat germ agglutinin; TPA, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol13-acetate; IBMX, 3-isobutyl-1-methyl xanthine; PBS, phosphatebuffered saline; CHAPS, 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1propanesulfonate; Endo H, endoglycosidase H; ...
... The abbreviations used are: ER, endoplasmic reticulum; TYR, tyrosinase; WGA, wheat germ agglutinin; TPA, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol13-acetate; IBMX, 3-isobutyl-1-methyl xanthine; PBS, phosphatebuffered saline; CHAPS, 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1propanesulfonate; Endo H, endoglycosidase H; ...
Cotto J. Fox S. Morimoto R . HSF1 granules
... occurring events including oligomerization of the non-DNA binding monomer to the DNA binding trimer, inducible serine phosphorylation, and transcriptional induction of heat shock genes (Sorger and Pelham, 1988; Baler et al., 1993; Sarge et al., 1993; Cotto et al., 1996). During continuous exposure t ...
... occurring events including oligomerization of the non-DNA binding monomer to the DNA binding trimer, inducible serine phosphorylation, and transcriptional induction of heat shock genes (Sorger and Pelham, 1988; Baler et al., 1993; Sarge et al., 1993; Cotto et al., 1996). During continuous exposure t ...
The maize mutant narrow sheath fails to establish
... sequence (Schneeberger et al. 1995). The ROUGH SHEATH1 polypeptide was expressed as a glutathione S-transferase (GST) fusion protein in BL21 cells (using methods detailed by Smith and Johnson, 1988). Bacterial cultures carrying a pGEX2T-RS1 fusion construct were induced with IPTG and GST-RS1 fusion ...
... sequence (Schneeberger et al. 1995). The ROUGH SHEATH1 polypeptide was expressed as a glutathione S-transferase (GST) fusion protein in BL21 cells (using methods detailed by Smith and Johnson, 1988). Bacterial cultures carrying a pGEX2T-RS1 fusion construct were induced with IPTG and GST-RS1 fusion ...
The Biology of Cancer Metastasis: Historical
... errors. But, the analogy from other diseases seems to support what these records have suggested, the dependence of the seed upon the soil” (17). Forty years later, in 1928, Ewing challenged the “seed and soil” hypothesis (19). He proposed that mechanical forces and circulatory patterns between the p ...
... errors. But, the analogy from other diseases seems to support what these records have suggested, the dependence of the seed upon the soil” (17). Forty years later, in 1928, Ewing challenged the “seed and soil” hypothesis (19). He proposed that mechanical forces and circulatory patterns between the p ...
Failsafe Mechanisms Coordinate Cell Division and the Initiation of
... Bacteria can have doubling rates that are ~20-‐25 minutes, which is much faster than the time it takes for chromosome replication to complete (40 minutes) [4, 5]. To solve this dilemma, bacteria employ ...
... Bacteria can have doubling rates that are ~20-‐25 minutes, which is much faster than the time it takes for chromosome replication to complete (40 minutes) [4, 5]. To solve this dilemma, bacteria employ ...
Cell-wall deficient L. monocytogenes L
... In order to determine whether L-forms detected in macrophages were located within primary vacuoles or phagolysosomes and to trace phagolysosomal fusion LysoTracker Yellow HCK-123, a yellow fluorescent dye which stains acidic compartments in live cells with excitation/emission maxima ∼465/535 nm (Inv ...
... In order to determine whether L-forms detected in macrophages were located within primary vacuoles or phagolysosomes and to trace phagolysosomal fusion LysoTracker Yellow HCK-123, a yellow fluorescent dye which stains acidic compartments in live cells with excitation/emission maxima ∼465/535 nm (Inv ...
Oxide Expression of Foxp3 in T Cells via Nitric Myelin Basic Protein
... known as regulatory T cells (Tregs), that can recognize self-reactive T cells and suppress them by a complex mechanism that is not yet fully understood. There are several kinds of Tregs, for example, naturally occurring, inducible, or IL-10–producing Tregs, and several controversies lie in choosing ...
... known as regulatory T cells (Tregs), that can recognize self-reactive T cells and suppress them by a complex mechanism that is not yet fully understood. There are several kinds of Tregs, for example, naturally occurring, inducible, or IL-10–producing Tregs, and several controversies lie in choosing ...
Inflammation and proliferation – a causal event of host response to
... activation of various chemokine mediators, including NFkB, the master regulator of inflammation. H. pylori infection is also associated with an increase in expression of cell cycle regulators, thereby leading to mucosal cell hyper-proliferation. Thus, H. pylori-associated infections manifest activat ...
... activation of various chemokine mediators, including NFkB, the master regulator of inflammation. H. pylori infection is also associated with an increase in expression of cell cycle regulators, thereby leading to mucosal cell hyper-proliferation. Thus, H. pylori-associated infections manifest activat ...
Second Messengers Mediate Increases in Cytosolic Calcium in
... Ca21) and hence gauge the involvement of external/internal Ca21 stores in the [Ca21]cyt responses to cAMP/cGMP. Both types of cyclic-nucleotide derivatives caused similar transient [Ca21]cyt elevations, unequivocally indicating that the mononucleotide parts of the molecules were responsible. The tra ...
... Ca21) and hence gauge the involvement of external/internal Ca21 stores in the [Ca21]cyt responses to cAMP/cGMP. Both types of cyclic-nucleotide derivatives caused similar transient [Ca21]cyt elevations, unequivocally indicating that the mononucleotide parts of the molecules were responsible. The tra ...
CDK5 is a major regulator of the tumor suppressor DLC1
... To establish whether an endogenous protein complex containing DLC1 and CDK5 exists in vivo, we performed coimmunoprecipitation (co-IP) experiments from two non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) lines, H1703 and H157, which expressed both proteins. DLC1 and CDK5 formed a protein complex in both lines (F ...
... To establish whether an endogenous protein complex containing DLC1 and CDK5 exists in vivo, we performed coimmunoprecipitation (co-IP) experiments from two non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) lines, H1703 and H157, which expressed both proteins. DLC1 and CDK5 formed a protein complex in both lines (F ...
The Role of Lysosomes in Molluscan Inflammation1
... Marine Biomedical Research Program and Department of Anatomy (Cell Biology), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29412 ...
... Marine Biomedical Research Program and Department of Anatomy (Cell Biology), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29412 ...
Ciliostasis is a key early event during colonization of canine tracheal
... parapertussis is the ciliated respiratory epithelium. Previous studies have implicated adherence of bacteria to cilia, induction of mucus production, induction of ciliostasis and damage to the ciliated epithelium in Bordetella pathogenesis. This paper describes the use of an air-interface organ cult ...
... parapertussis is the ciliated respiratory epithelium. Previous studies have implicated adherence of bacteria to cilia, induction of mucus production, induction of ciliostasis and damage to the ciliated epithelium in Bordetella pathogenesis. This paper describes the use of an air-interface organ cult ...
View/Open - Queen Mary University of London
... Figure 1 Spatial sampling of a Barrett’s segment and associated oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC). (A) Overview of the opened resection specimen shows columnar metaplasia across the gastro-oesophageal junction (arrows) and a nodular OAC (arrowhead). The rectangular box indicates the longitudinal stri ...
... Figure 1 Spatial sampling of a Barrett’s segment and associated oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC). (A) Overview of the opened resection specimen shows columnar metaplasia across the gastro-oesophageal junction (arrows) and a nodular OAC (arrowhead). The rectangular box indicates the longitudinal stri ...
Cell culture
Cell culture is the process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside of their natural environment. In practice, the term ""cell culture"" now refers to the culturing of cells derived from multicellular eukaryotes, especially animal cells, in contrast with other types of culture that also grow cells, such as plant tissue culture, fungal culture, and microbiological culture (of microbes). The historical development and methods of cell culture are closely interrelated to those of tissue culture and organ culture. Viral culture is also related, with cells as hosts for the viruses. The laboratory technique of maintaining live cell lines (a population of cells descended from a single cell and containing the same genetic makeup) separated from their original tissue source became more robust in the middle 20th century.