Divergent Projections from the Anterior Inferotemporal Area TE to
... Figure 3. Cytoarchitecture of TEav, the caudal part of area 36 (36c), area 35, and area 28. A, Nissl-stained section. There is a separation between layers V and VI in TEav but not in 36c. Layer IV is present in area 36 but absent in areas 35 and 28. The presence of intensely stained large neurons in ...
... Figure 3. Cytoarchitecture of TEav, the caudal part of area 36 (36c), area 35, and area 28. A, Nissl-stained section. There is a separation between layers V and VI in TEav but not in 36c. Layer IV is present in area 36 but absent in areas 35 and 28. The presence of intensely stained large neurons in ...
Specificity in Inhibitory Systems Associated with Prefrontal Pathways to
... to inhibitory neurons labeled for calbindin (CB) or parvalbumin (PV), which differ in mode of inhibition. Projection neurons in area 10 originated mostly in layers 2--3 and were intermingled with CB inhibitory neurons. In contrast, projections from area 32 originated predominantly in layers 5--6 amo ...
... to inhibitory neurons labeled for calbindin (CB) or parvalbumin (PV), which differ in mode of inhibition. Projection neurons in area 10 originated mostly in layers 2--3 and were intermingled with CB inhibitory neurons. In contrast, projections from area 32 originated predominantly in layers 5--6 amo ...
Interactions between frontal cortex and basal ganglia in working
... neurons, the capacity of these memories scales as a function of the number of neurons, whereas the capacity of weight-based memories scales as a function of the number of synaptic connections, which is much larger. Because of this fundamental tradeoff between activationand weight-based memory mechan ...
... neurons, the capacity of these memories scales as a function of the number of neurons, whereas the capacity of weight-based memories scales as a function of the number of synaptic connections, which is much larger. Because of this fundamental tradeoff between activationand weight-based memory mechan ...
On the nature of medial temporal lobe contributions to the
... years), or the near or distant future (the next few days or years). These critical conditions were compared with a semantic control task involving analysis of the meaning of words. Compared with the control condition, significant levels of activation were observed during both the past and future con ...
... years), or the near or distant future (the next few days or years). These critical conditions were compared with a semantic control task involving analysis of the meaning of words. Compared with the control condition, significant levels of activation were observed during both the past and future con ...
Neural networks underlying parietal lobe seizures: A
... parietal lobule and the parietal operculum (Nieuwenhuys et al., 2008). We have limited the definition of PL seizures to seizures originating from the posterior parietal cortex (PPC), as previously proposed (Salanova et al., 1995). We have also included seizures from the parietal operculum. The PPC co ...
... parietal lobule and the parietal operculum (Nieuwenhuys et al., 2008). We have limited the definition of PL seizures to seizures originating from the posterior parietal cortex (PPC), as previously proposed (Salanova et al., 1995). We have also included seizures from the parietal operculum. The PPC co ...
Orexins and fear: implications for the treatment of - e
... phobias, panic and posttraumatic stress disorders (PTSD). In rodents, the neurobiological bases of fear memory regulation can be studied by Pavlovian fear conditioning (Figure 2), an experimental scenario in which an initially neutral conditioned stimulus (CS), such as tone or context, is paired wit ...
... phobias, panic and posttraumatic stress disorders (PTSD). In rodents, the neurobiological bases of fear memory regulation can be studied by Pavlovian fear conditioning (Figure 2), an experimental scenario in which an initially neutral conditioned stimulus (CS), such as tone or context, is paired wit ...
Prefrontal cortex in humans and apes: A comparative study of area 10
... wide, its cells have a homogeneous distribution, and a slight size gradient is evident as one approaches layer IV. The pyramids are darkly stained. Layer IV is clearly evident, but thin, and includes small cells with medium staining. Its borders with layers III and V are easily seen. Layer Va includ ...
... wide, its cells have a homogeneous distribution, and a slight size gradient is evident as one approaches layer IV. The pyramids are darkly stained. Layer IV is clearly evident, but thin, and includes small cells with medium staining. Its borders with layers III and V are easily seen. Layer Va includ ...
Prediction of Subjective Affective State From Brain Activations
... sets of voxels, basing this on previous information theoretic approaches used for neuronal activity (Aggelopoulos et al. 2005; Franco et al. 2004; Rolls 2008; Rolls et al. 1997a). This enabled us to measure the amount of information provided by any one voxel, whether each voxel carried independent i ...
... sets of voxels, basing this on previous information theoretic approaches used for neuronal activity (Aggelopoulos et al. 2005; Franco et al. 2004; Rolls 2008; Rolls et al. 1997a). This enabled us to measure the amount of information provided by any one voxel, whether each voxel carried independent i ...
Conditioned fear associated phenotypes as robust, translational
... the Beck Depression Index (BDI), respectively) may reflect overlapping symptoms of negative affect (18, 19). Similarly, the symptom dimensions used for a diagnosis may reflect complex sequelae resulting from an overlap in symptom presentation of multiple disorders (20). Fear conditioning allows the ...
... the Beck Depression Index (BDI), respectively) may reflect overlapping symptoms of negative affect (18, 19). Similarly, the symptom dimensions used for a diagnosis may reflect complex sequelae resulting from an overlap in symptom presentation of multiple disorders (20). Fear conditioning allows the ...
development and plasticity of cortical areas and networks
... Other evidence indicates that gradients of gene expression in the neuroepithelium of different cortical areas might regulate the initial arealization of the neocortex. For example, Pax6 is usually expressed in a lowcaudomedial–high-rostrolateral gradient28,29. In Pax6 homozygous mutants, caudolatera ...
... Other evidence indicates that gradients of gene expression in the neuroepithelium of different cortical areas might regulate the initial arealization of the neocortex. For example, Pax6 is usually expressed in a lowcaudomedial–high-rostrolateral gradient28,29. In Pax6 homozygous mutants, caudolatera ...
development and plasticity of cortical areas and networks
... Other evidence indicates that gradients of gene expression in the neuroepithelium of different cortical areas might regulate the initial arealization of the neocortex. For example, Pax6 is usually expressed in a lowcaudomedial–high-rostrolateral gradient28,29. In Pax6 homozygous mutants, caudolatera ...
... Other evidence indicates that gradients of gene expression in the neuroepithelium of different cortical areas might regulate the initial arealization of the neocortex. For example, Pax6 is usually expressed in a lowcaudomedial–high-rostrolateral gradient28,29. In Pax6 homozygous mutants, caudolatera ...
Prefrontal and parietal cortex mediate the interference
... example, the temporal probability of the occurrence of upcoming events, known as the “hazard rate,” modulates the neural firing rate in the lateral intraparietal region in monkeys [3]. Human neuroimaging studies demonstrated that such temporal modulation of firing rate during an anticipation period ...
... example, the temporal probability of the occurrence of upcoming events, known as the “hazard rate,” modulates the neural firing rate in the lateral intraparietal region in monkeys [3]. Human neuroimaging studies demonstrated that such temporal modulation of firing rate during an anticipation period ...
Functional circuitry underlying visual neglect
... phenomena inform us that sufficient neural circuitry exists both for detection of stimuli in the neglected hemifield and for producing orienting responses to the stimuli, but that the circuits are prevented from acting. As a consequence, a potential cure may be effected if the secondary circuits wer ...
... phenomena inform us that sufficient neural circuitry exists both for detection of stimuli in the neglected hemifield and for producing orienting responses to the stimuli, but that the circuits are prevented from acting. As a consequence, a potential cure may be effected if the secondary circuits wer ...
A Study on Finding the Key Motive of Happiness Using Fuzzy
... Happiness is subjective. It is difficult to compare one person’s happiness with another. It can be especially difficult to compare happiness across cultures. The function of man is to live a certain kind of life and this activity implies a rational principle. The function of a good man is the good a ...
... Happiness is subjective. It is difficult to compare one person’s happiness with another. It can be especially difficult to compare happiness across cultures. The function of man is to live a certain kind of life and this activity implies a rational principle. The function of a good man is the good a ...
Spontaneous and Stimulus-Evoked Intrinsic Optical Signals in
... functional organization of auditory cortex remain controversial. Several studies have provided evidence of compartmental organization within the tonotopic representation of primary auditory cortex (A1) in the cat based on clustered or banded distributions of neurons with different response propertie ...
... functional organization of auditory cortex remain controversial. Several studies have provided evidence of compartmental organization within the tonotopic representation of primary auditory cortex (A1) in the cat based on clustered or banded distributions of neurons with different response propertie ...
The History of the EEG
... cross-power spectra yielded 171 coherence values per frequency band. Grand mean values were obtained by averaging amplitude and coherence values across subjects. ...
... cross-power spectra yielded 171 coherence values per frequency band. Grand mean values were obtained by averaging amplitude and coherence values across subjects. ...
Spontaneous and Stimulus-Evoked Intrinsic Optical Signals in
... functional organization of auditory cortex remain controversial. Several studies have provided evidence of compartmental organization within the tonotopic representation of primary auditory cortex (A1) in the cat based on clustered or banded distributions of neurons with different response propertie ...
... functional organization of auditory cortex remain controversial. Several studies have provided evidence of compartmental organization within the tonotopic representation of primary auditory cortex (A1) in the cat based on clustered or banded distributions of neurons with different response propertie ...
The GABAergic system in schizophrenia
... further hypofunctioning of the glutamatergic system through feedback mechanisms. Several classes of compounds, including benzodiazepines (BZD), muscurinic receptor antagonist and haloperidol, blocked NMDAinduced neurotoxicity in the posterior cingulate and retrospenial regions of experimental animal ...
... further hypofunctioning of the glutamatergic system through feedback mechanisms. Several classes of compounds, including benzodiazepines (BZD), muscurinic receptor antagonist and haloperidol, blocked NMDAinduced neurotoxicity in the posterior cingulate and retrospenial regions of experimental animal ...
Virtual dissection and comparative connectivity of the superior
... posterior inferior prefrontal and ventral premotor cortex with anterior inferior parietal cortex. Functionally, SLF has been linked with motor planning and visuospatial processing in humans and monkeys (Petrides and Pandya, 2002; Thiebaut de Schotten et al., 2011a) and is thus one likely locus of ev ...
... posterior inferior prefrontal and ventral premotor cortex with anterior inferior parietal cortex. Functionally, SLF has been linked with motor planning and visuospatial processing in humans and monkeys (Petrides and Pandya, 2002; Thiebaut de Schotten et al., 2011a) and is thus one likely locus of ev ...
Cerebral correlates of delta waves during non
... NREM sleep than during wakefulness in normal human subjects and as this study was aimed at exploring the cerebral correlates of rhythms that characterize NREM sleep, the presence of waking values of delta power is likely to obscure the interpretation of the results. Therefore, in our second analysis ...
... NREM sleep than during wakefulness in normal human subjects and as this study was aimed at exploring the cerebral correlates of rhythms that characterize NREM sleep, the presence of waking values of delta power is likely to obscure the interpretation of the results. Therefore, in our second analysis ...
The neurobiology of Meditation and its clinical effectiveness in
... left frontal regions. This is in line with the evidence for a role of the left frontal lobe in positive emotions whereas the right prefrontal lobe plays a greater role in negative ones (Canli et al., 1998). The intensity of mental activity correlated negatively with theta activity over frontal and m ...
... left frontal regions. This is in line with the evidence for a role of the left frontal lobe in positive emotions whereas the right prefrontal lobe plays a greater role in negative ones (Canli et al., 1998). The intensity of mental activity correlated negatively with theta activity over frontal and m ...
Program - Albion
... When we learn new information we use only a tiny fraction of the neurons in our brain for that particular memory trace. This sparse encoding makes it difficult to study the cellular and molecular changes associated with learning. In this lecture I will discuss recent results from our lab and oth ...
... When we learn new information we use only a tiny fraction of the neurons in our brain for that particular memory trace. This sparse encoding makes it difficult to study the cellular and molecular changes associated with learning. In this lecture I will discuss recent results from our lab and oth ...
K. Lutz, M. Widmer
... results corroborate the finding that unexpected rewards activate, among other regions, the medial prefrontal cortex. They also showed that unexpected omission of rewards activates a distinct region of the medial prefrontal cortex, more anterior to the aforementioned areas. Negative outcomes in these ...
... results corroborate the finding that unexpected rewards activate, among other regions, the medial prefrontal cortex. They also showed that unexpected omission of rewards activates a distinct region of the medial prefrontal cortex, more anterior to the aforementioned areas. Negative outcomes in these ...
`What` Is Happening in the Dorsal Visual Pathway
... The study of the nature of object representations in the dorsal pathway and their behavioral significance is still subject to significant caveats that compel caution in the interpretation of behavioral and neural data. First, in most studies of nonhuman primates, sensitivity of a neural population to ...
... The study of the nature of object representations in the dorsal pathway and their behavioral significance is still subject to significant caveats that compel caution in the interpretation of behavioral and neural data. First, in most studies of nonhuman primates, sensitivity of a neural population to ...