The what, where and how of auditory
... of the auditory cortex and the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex — has a role in auditory-object processing and perception2–5. However, no consensus has been reached on either the roles of different regions in this pathway in specific elements of auditory-object processing and perception or the contri ...
... of the auditory cortex and the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex — has a role in auditory-object processing and perception2–5. However, no consensus has been reached on either the roles of different regions in this pathway in specific elements of auditory-object processing and perception or the contri ...
The Roles of the Amygdala and the Hippocampus in Fear
... THE ROLES OF THE AMYGDALA AND THE HIPPOCAMPUS IN FEAR CONDITIONING ...
... THE ROLES OF THE AMYGDALA AND THE HIPPOCAMPUS IN FEAR CONDITIONING ...
PDF - Oxford Academic - Oxford University Press
... ‘tomeru’ (vt) and ‘tomaru’ (vi); gloss: stop], which are similar to the distinction between ‘raise’ (vt) and ‘rise’ (vi) in English (Tsujimura, 1996). Although most of English verbs can be used as vt or vi without morphological changes, the vt/vi distinction of Japanese verbs is primarily determined ...
... ‘tomeru’ (vt) and ‘tomaru’ (vi); gloss: stop], which are similar to the distinction between ‘raise’ (vt) and ‘rise’ (vi) in English (Tsujimura, 1996). Although most of English verbs can be used as vt or vi without morphological changes, the vt/vi distinction of Japanese verbs is primarily determined ...
hoofdstuk 8 - VU-dare
... A number of studies have investigated the neural correlates of juvenile precursors of psychopathy (Finger et al., 2008; Marsh et al., 2008; Jones et al., 2009; Marsh et al., 2011). Most of these neuroimaging studies investigated psychopathy as a categorical or unidimensional construct, or focused on ...
... A number of studies have investigated the neural correlates of juvenile precursors of psychopathy (Finger et al., 2008; Marsh et al., 2008; Jones et al., 2009; Marsh et al., 2011). Most of these neuroimaging studies investigated psychopathy as a categorical or unidimensional construct, or focused on ...
Neuronal activity (c-Fos) delineating interactions of the cerebral
... The cerebral cortex and basal ganglia (BG) form a neural circuit that is disrupted in disorders such as Parkinson’s disease. We found that neuronal activity (c-Fos) in the BG followed cortical activity, i.e., high in arousal state and low in sleep state. To determine if cortical activity is necessar ...
... The cerebral cortex and basal ganglia (BG) form a neural circuit that is disrupted in disorders such as Parkinson’s disease. We found that neuronal activity (c-Fos) in the BG followed cortical activity, i.e., high in arousal state and low in sleep state. To determine if cortical activity is necessar ...
Choice Coding in Frontal Cortex during Stimulus
... two actions sequentially and each action was followed by one of three juices. The relationship between the predictive events and the juices was randomly varied from trial to trial. The sampling phase was followed by a choice phase in which the subject made a choice guided by the predictive events of ...
... two actions sequentially and each action was followed by one of three juices. The relationship between the predictive events and the juices was randomly varied from trial to trial. The sampling phase was followed by a choice phase in which the subject made a choice guided by the predictive events of ...
Anxiolytic action on the behavioural inhibition system implies
... driven, was the redefinition of the BIS described above. This emphasizes approach–avoidance conflict as a common feature of the inputs to the BIS more than it emphasizes the differences between the stimuli themselves. These two issues, taken together, led us to a modified view of the SHS, and partic ...
... driven, was the redefinition of the BIS described above. This emphasizes approach–avoidance conflict as a common feature of the inputs to the BIS more than it emphasizes the differences between the stimuli themselves. These two issues, taken together, led us to a modified view of the SHS, and partic ...
Task-dependent plasticity of spectrotemporal receptive fields in
... observed (1998) the fact that receptive Weld plasticity occurs in very diVerent tasks, and learning situations, suggests that “it is a general process of information storage and representation”. Each of these earlier studies measured changes in receptive Weld properties of A1 neurons that arose from ...
... observed (1998) the fact that receptive Weld plasticity occurs in very diVerent tasks, and learning situations, suggests that “it is a general process of information storage and representation”. Each of these earlier studies measured changes in receptive Weld properties of A1 neurons that arose from ...
Neural correlates of positive and negative performance feedback in
... whereas no areas were more strongly activated during negative feedback than during positive (e.g., [9-11]). On the other hand, Aron et al. [1] reported stronger midbrain activation during negative feedback than during positive, whereas positive feedback did not yield stronger activation than negativ ...
... whereas no areas were more strongly activated during negative feedback than during positive (e.g., [9-11]). On the other hand, Aron et al. [1] reported stronger midbrain activation during negative feedback than during positive, whereas positive feedback did not yield stronger activation than negativ ...
Inactivation of Parietal and Prefrontal Cortex Reveals
... of these subpopulations were matched to a greater extent (Chafee and Goldman-Rakic 1998) than could be gleaned from independent studies of the two populations using similar, but not identical, tasks (Andersen et al. 1990b; Bruce and Goldberg 1985; Funahashi et al. 1989 –1991; Gnadt and Andersen 1988 ...
... of these subpopulations were matched to a greater extent (Chafee and Goldman-Rakic 1998) than could be gleaned from independent studies of the two populations using similar, but not identical, tasks (Andersen et al. 1990b; Bruce and Goldberg 1985; Funahashi et al. 1989 –1991; Gnadt and Andersen 1988 ...
Altered Resting-State Functional Connectivity of
... are functionally heterogeneous, with distinct roles in learning and expressing fear behaviors. PTSD differences in amygdala-complex function and functional connectivity with cortical and subcortical structures remain unclear. Recent military veterans with PTSD (n ¼ 20) and matched trauma-exposed con ...
... are functionally heterogeneous, with distinct roles in learning and expressing fear behaviors. PTSD differences in amygdala-complex function and functional connectivity with cortical and subcortical structures remain unclear. Recent military veterans with PTSD (n ¼ 20) and matched trauma-exposed con ...
Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Autism Spectrum
... empathize. It was then hypothesized that autism is marked by an extreme systemizing approach above and beyond the normal male’s predisposition to systemization (27–29). Social deficits observed in ASD as well as the increased prevalence in males could be explained by this shift along the empathizing ...
... empathize. It was then hypothesized that autism is marked by an extreme systemizing approach above and beyond the normal male’s predisposition to systemization (27–29). Social deficits observed in ASD as well as the increased prevalence in males could be explained by this shift along the empathizing ...
The functional role of dorso-lateral premotor cortex
... In this context, it is important to define the way in which the term premotor activation has been used in the literature. Most papers on mental rotation (including our own so far) seem to adopt a rather loose anatomical definition, labeling activations as pertaining to premotor cortex when they are ...
... In this context, it is important to define the way in which the term premotor activation has been used in the literature. Most papers on mental rotation (including our own so far) seem to adopt a rather loose anatomical definition, labeling activations as pertaining to premotor cortex when they are ...
Comparing the Functional Representations of Central and Border
... barrels are located centrally within the PMBSF (central whiskers), it is unclear whether a whisker with a barrel at the border of the PMBSF (border whisker) also has a large functional representation. Although whisker responses have been recorded up to ⬃300 m away from the appropriate barrel into t ...
... barrels are located centrally within the PMBSF (central whiskers), it is unclear whether a whisker with a barrel at the border of the PMBSF (border whisker) also has a large functional representation. Although whisker responses have been recorded up to ⬃300 m away from the appropriate barrel into t ...
Limbic structures, emotion, and memory
... a cortical border encircling the brain stem (limbus, Latin for “border”). Paul Broca (1878) held the view that “le grand lobe limbique” was mainly an olfactory structure common to all mammalian brains, although he argued that its functions were not limited to olfaction. Limbic structures are frequen ...
... a cortical border encircling the brain stem (limbus, Latin for “border”). Paul Broca (1878) held the view that “le grand lobe limbique” was mainly an olfactory structure common to all mammalian brains, although he argued that its functions were not limited to olfaction. Limbic structures are frequen ...
cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses
... effects of VGP include effects on verbal memory, some types of attention, sleep, learning and knowledge.2–4 Furthermore, in imaging studies, VGP was shown to cause substantial dopamine release in the dopaminergic system5 as well as addiction.6 Previous cross-sectional studies have revealed that chil ...
... effects of VGP include effects on verbal memory, some types of attention, sleep, learning and knowledge.2–4 Furthermore, in imaging studies, VGP was shown to cause substantial dopamine release in the dopaminergic system5 as well as addiction.6 Previous cross-sectional studies have revealed that chil ...
Print
... bandwidth. There is equal sizing and spacing of elements within this frequency-level grid. The number of recorded spikes and their arrival times evoked by the corresponding tone burst at a specific sound level are stored in a microcomputer for off-line analysis. Typically, a brief phasic discharge i ...
... bandwidth. There is equal sizing and spacing of elements within this frequency-level grid. The number of recorded spikes and their arrival times evoked by the corresponding tone burst at a specific sound level are stored in a microcomputer for off-line analysis. Typically, a brief phasic discharge i ...
From Neuro-Psychoanalysis to Cognitive and Affective Automation Systems
... dramatically in the not so distant future. Moreover, there is also the demand for systems that can act in highly dynamic, complex, and uncertain environments. Traditional, rule-based models mainly used in the field so far are not adaptive enough to meet these requirements, more flexible descriptions ...
... dramatically in the not so distant future. Moreover, there is also the demand for systems that can act in highly dynamic, complex, and uncertain environments. Traditional, rule-based models mainly used in the field so far are not adaptive enough to meet these requirements, more flexible descriptions ...
Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex: A Bottom-Up View
... The function of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) is one of the major puzzles in cognitive and systems neuroscience. Papez (1937) classified the entire cingulum as part of the brain’s limbic system, thus linking the dACC with emotional processes. Early human lesion studies certainly suppor ...
... The function of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) is one of the major puzzles in cognitive and systems neuroscience. Papez (1937) classified the entire cingulum as part of the brain’s limbic system, thus linking the dACC with emotional processes. Early human lesion studies certainly suppor ...
primary visual cortex and visual awareness
... rather than hard-wired. Perhaps the information represented in V1 is necessary only for certain types of awareness (such as figure–ground segmentation, perception during focal attention, perception of low-level features and so on). Some theories consider consciousness in terms of a dynamic, global n ...
... rather than hard-wired. Perhaps the information represented in V1 is necessary only for certain types of awareness (such as figure–ground segmentation, perception during focal attention, perception of low-level features and so on). Some theories consider consciousness in terms of a dynamic, global n ...
a review with emphasis on the projections of specific thalamic nuclei
... The foregoing discussion well illustrates how knowledge of the details of thalamocortical projections can contribute significantly to our understanding of the organization of the cerebral cortex. An early proponent of this philosophy was A. E. Walker, whose own extensive studies of the primate thala ...
... The foregoing discussion well illustrates how knowledge of the details of thalamocortical projections can contribute significantly to our understanding of the organization of the cerebral cortex. An early proponent of this philosophy was A. E. Walker, whose own extensive studies of the primate thala ...
Mirror neurons in humans: Consisting or confounding
... this fMRI study does not allow us to draw any firm conclusion about ‘mirror’ type of activity, mainly because of methodological problems. First, the analyses were performed by merging data from two different experiments (one considering only execution and one considering both action observation and ex ...
... this fMRI study does not allow us to draw any firm conclusion about ‘mirror’ type of activity, mainly because of methodological problems. First, the analyses were performed by merging data from two different experiments (one considering only execution and one considering both action observation and ex ...
Circuits through prefrontal cortex, basal ganglia, and ventral anterior
... c New England Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Accepted 22 March 2004 ...
... c New England Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA Accepted 22 March 2004 ...
an integrative theory of prefrontal cortex function
... We assume that cues in the environment activate internal representations within the PFC that can select the appropriate action. This is important when the course of action is uncertain, and especially if one of the alternatives is stronger (i.e. more habitual or more salient) but produces the incorr ...
... We assume that cues in the environment activate internal representations within the PFC that can select the appropriate action. This is important when the course of action is uncertain, and especially if one of the alternatives is stronger (i.e. more habitual or more salient) but produces the incorr ...