Antisense Oligonucleotides: problems with use and solutions
... can also protect the drug from degradation and also from rapid clearance from the body. The vector must be of small size to allow intercalation between tissues and to allow intracellular transport, they must be nontoxic and stable in the blood stream, they must retain the drug when in the circulatio ...
... can also protect the drug from degradation and also from rapid clearance from the body. The vector must be of small size to allow intercalation between tissues and to allow intracellular transport, they must be nontoxic and stable in the blood stream, they must retain the drug when in the circulatio ...
Differential Auxin-Transporting Activities of PIN
... similar molecular structures, the long-looped PINs exhibit sequence divergence not only in their central loop, but also in certain residues of the transmembrane domains. This structural divergence of long-looped PINs might be indicative of their differential auxintransporting activities, which have ...
... similar molecular structures, the long-looped PINs exhibit sequence divergence not only in their central loop, but also in certain residues of the transmembrane domains. This structural divergence of long-looped PINs might be indicative of their differential auxintransporting activities, which have ...
ABSTRACT Title of Thesis: EXPLORING THE ROLE OF NFκB
... cleaved by Dredd (Stöven et al., 2003, Zhou et al., 2005). Once cleavage of Relish is achieved, the N-terminal portion of Relish translocates to the nucleus to initiate transcription of AMP genes with activity against Gram-negative bacteria (De Gregorio et al., 2002). There are seven known families ...
... cleaved by Dredd (Stöven et al., 2003, Zhou et al., 2005). Once cleavage of Relish is achieved, the N-terminal portion of Relish translocates to the nucleus to initiate transcription of AMP genes with activity against Gram-negative bacteria (De Gregorio et al., 2002). There are seven known families ...
Calcium-induced calcium release supports recruitment of synaptic
... Caffeine reduces postsynaptic activity in auditory fibers. The pharmacological effects observed in our multiunit preparation cannot, however, distinguish between a presynaptic and a postsynaptic contribution of stores to auditory synaptic transmission (Fitzjohn and Collingridge 2002). To obtain furt ...
... Caffeine reduces postsynaptic activity in auditory fibers. The pharmacological effects observed in our multiunit preparation cannot, however, distinguish between a presynaptic and a postsynaptic contribution of stores to auditory synaptic transmission (Fitzjohn and Collingridge 2002). To obtain furt ...
Identification of A Novel, N-ethylmaleimide
... centrifugation. We have termed this activity ETF-1, for endosome--*TGN transport factor-1. Kinetic experiments showed that ETF-1 acts at a very early stage in vesicular transport, which may reflect a role for this factor in the formation of nascent transport vesicles. GTP hydrolysis appears to be re ...
... centrifugation. We have termed this activity ETF-1, for endosome--*TGN transport factor-1. Kinetic experiments showed that ETF-1 acts at a very early stage in vesicular transport, which may reflect a role for this factor in the formation of nascent transport vesicles. GTP hydrolysis appears to be re ...
A Calcium-Regulated Gatekeeper in Phloem Sieve Tubes
... to plug sieve pores after injury. Evert concluded that the most likely function of P-protein is to seal the sieve plate pores of injured sieve elements as a rapid first line of defense against the loss of assimilates. It is possible to obtain electron micrographs from well-preserved and largely unin ...
... to plug sieve pores after injury. Evert concluded that the most likely function of P-protein is to seal the sieve plate pores of injured sieve elements as a rapid first line of defense against the loss of assimilates. It is possible to obtain electron micrographs from well-preserved and largely unin ...
1 CURRICULUM VITAE AMNON LERS University Education and
... Lers, A., Bitoun, R. and Zamir, A. (1989) Outward reading promoters exist on both ends of the transposable element gamma-delta. Mol. Gen. Gent. 216: 138143. Lers, A., Biener, Y. and Zamir, A. (1990) Photoinduction of massive β-carotene accumulation by the alga Dunaliella bardawil: kinetics and depe ...
... Lers, A., Bitoun, R. and Zamir, A. (1989) Outward reading promoters exist on both ends of the transposable element gamma-delta. Mol. Gen. Gent. 216: 138143. Lers, A., Biener, Y. and Zamir, A. (1990) Photoinduction of massive β-carotene accumulation by the alga Dunaliella bardawil: kinetics and depe ...
Calcium-induced calcium release supports recruitment of synaptic
... activity to 44 ± 31% of its initial rate (n = 6, p = 0.001). Similarly, ryanodine, which blocks ...
... activity to 44 ± 31% of its initial rate (n = 6, p = 0.001). Similarly, ryanodine, which blocks ...
Chromosome organization and dynamics during
... Pairing of homologous chromosomes Chromosome pairing is a process in which two homologous chromosome copies find each other among all chromosomes in the nucleus and juxtapose. Pairing includes bringing chromosomes together into a close proximity as well as an intimate homology search to recognize t ...
... Pairing of homologous chromosomes Chromosome pairing is a process in which two homologous chromosome copies find each other among all chromosomes in the nucleus and juxtapose. Pairing includes bringing chromosomes together into a close proximity as well as an intimate homology search to recognize t ...
Dual Modes of Endoplasmic Reticulum-to
... neurons were grown at 37°C in 5% CO2 on coverslips coated with polyD-lysine (Sigma). Neurons were transfected with Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) according to manufacturer’s recommendations, except that 1.5 g of each DNA in 25 l Opti-MEM and 1 l of Lipofectamine 2000 in 25 l Opti- ...
... neurons were grown at 37°C in 5% CO2 on coverslips coated with polyD-lysine (Sigma). Neurons were transfected with Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) according to manufacturer’s recommendations, except that 1.5 g of each DNA in 25 l Opti-MEM and 1 l of Lipofectamine 2000 in 25 l Opti- ...
Masking the Pathogen: Evolutionary Strategies of Fungi and Their
... homologous recombination result in acapsular cells that are predominantly avirulent in mice and complementation restored capsule expression and virulence. These genes are specific to Cryptococcus and suggest unique fungal processes involved in capsular synthesis. For example, while bacterial capsula ...
... homologous recombination result in acapsular cells that are predominantly avirulent in mice and complementation restored capsule expression and virulence. These genes are specific to Cryptococcus and suggest unique fungal processes involved in capsular synthesis. For example, while bacterial capsula ...
The maxillary recess of the sphenoid sinus
... representation of the microanatomy in the region of the lateral nasal wall, axial and sagittal views can provide important additional information [6]. Earlier, Arslan H et al., also by the use of CT, evaluated that infraorbital ethmoid cells (Haller’ cells) are present in 6% only [7]. Due to this im ...
... representation of the microanatomy in the region of the lateral nasal wall, axial and sagittal views can provide important additional information [6]. Earlier, Arslan H et al., also by the use of CT, evaluated that infraorbital ethmoid cells (Haller’ cells) are present in 6% only [7]. Due to this im ...
Coagulation (the basics) and recombinant Factor VIIa Mechanism of
... Recombinant Factor VIIa (rFVIIa) in high concentration binds to platelets; this complex catalysis further coagulation. The local coagulation activation is greatly enhanced ...
... Recombinant Factor VIIa (rFVIIa) in high concentration binds to platelets; this complex catalysis further coagulation. The local coagulation activation is greatly enhanced ...
Biochemical Journal
... MAPK activation, including ASK1 (apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1), DLK1 (dual-leucine-zipper-bearing kinase 1), TAK1 [TGF (transforming growth factor) β-activated kinase 1], TAO (thousand-and-one amino acid) 1 and 2, TPL2 (tumour progression loci 2), MLK3 (mixed-lineage kinase 3), MEKK (MAPK/ER ...
... MAPK activation, including ASK1 (apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1), DLK1 (dual-leucine-zipper-bearing kinase 1), TAK1 [TGF (transforming growth factor) β-activated kinase 1], TAO (thousand-and-one amino acid) 1 and 2, TPL2 (tumour progression loci 2), MLK3 (mixed-lineage kinase 3), MEKK (MAPK/ER ...
Transcriptome Analysis of Proliferating
... during which resources are reallocated to the synthesis of storage compounds, such as starch followed by the accumulation of oils and proteins. Biosynthetic activity then slows as the seed moves through a late maturation phase and prepares to desiccate prior to dormancy. The developing endosperm pla ...
... during which resources are reallocated to the synthesis of storage compounds, such as starch followed by the accumulation of oils and proteins. Biosynthetic activity then slows as the seed moves through a late maturation phase and prepares to desiccate prior to dormancy. The developing endosperm pla ...
FGF1 inhibits p53-dependent apoptosis and cell cycle arrest via an
... lacks a secretion signal peptide, suggesting that neither of these factors are secreted by the classical secretion mechanism, consistent with their primarily intracellular distribution. Furthermore, FGF1, which has been detected in the nuclei of various types of cell, contains ...
... lacks a secretion signal peptide, suggesting that neither of these factors are secreted by the classical secretion mechanism, consistent with their primarily intracellular distribution. Furthermore, FGF1, which has been detected in the nuclei of various types of cell, contains ...
Scarface, a secreted serine proteaselike protein, regulates polarized
... protein in AS cells using the available antibodies nor address the role of Scarf in the polarized distribution of other BM proteins, such as Perlecan or Collagen IV, as these two proteins were not expressed in AS cells (supplementary Fig S7 online). These results indicate that Scarf depletion causes ...
... protein in AS cells using the available antibodies nor address the role of Scarf in the polarized distribution of other BM proteins, such as Perlecan or Collagen IV, as these two proteins were not expressed in AS cells (supplementary Fig S7 online). These results indicate that Scarf depletion causes ...
Carbon partitioning in sugarcane (Saccharum species)
... Transporters of the plasma membrane appear to play an important role not only in phloem loading and unloading, but also in transferring sucrose between apoplastic and symplastic compartments (Riesmeier et al., 1994; Burkle et al., 1998; Braun and Slewinski, 2009; Chen et al., 2012). A survey of thou ...
... Transporters of the plasma membrane appear to play an important role not only in phloem loading and unloading, but also in transferring sucrose between apoplastic and symplastic compartments (Riesmeier et al., 1994; Burkle et al., 1998; Braun and Slewinski, 2009; Chen et al., 2012). A survey of thou ...
Molecular mapping of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins in focal
... Integrin-mediated adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a pivotal role in the regulation of tissue integrity, cell migration and transmembrane signaling. These adhesions are formed in specialized sub-cellular sites, known as focal adhesions (Burridge and Chrzanowska-Wodnicka, 1996; Geiger ...
... Integrin-mediated adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a pivotal role in the regulation of tissue integrity, cell migration and transmembrane signaling. These adhesions are formed in specialized sub-cellular sites, known as focal adhesions (Burridge and Chrzanowska-Wodnicka, 1996; Geiger ...
Meaningful relationships: the regulation of the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK
... sites whose phosphorylation is required for activation [36]. The other site is tyrosine-341, which is targeted by Src family kinases [37,38]. In addition, abl [39,40] and JAK (Janus kinase) [41,42] family tyrosine kinases also induce Raf-1 activation and tyrosine phosphorylation, but since the phosp ...
... sites whose phosphorylation is required for activation [36]. The other site is tyrosine-341, which is targeted by Src family kinases [37,38]. In addition, abl [39,40] and JAK (Janus kinase) [41,42] family tyrosine kinases also induce Raf-1 activation and tyrosine phosphorylation, but since the phosp ...
The Developmental Capacity of Nuclei taken from Intestinal
... suggested by Briggs, King, & Di Berardino (1960) to account for abnormal cleavage in their experiments. It can be concluded that transplanted nuclei which promote abortive cleavage do so through their inability to divide normally. This prevents them showing the range of cell types that they are gene ...
... suggested by Briggs, King, & Di Berardino (1960) to account for abnormal cleavage in their experiments. It can be concluded that transplanted nuclei which promote abortive cleavage do so through their inability to divide normally. This prevents them showing the range of cell types that they are gene ...
Ca signaling and early embryonic patterning during zebrafish
... 4. The potential down-stream targets of these Ca2+ transients are also discussed as well as how they might integrate with other pattern-forming signaling pathways, known to modulate early developmental events. Introduction There is an accumulating body of evidence to suggest that Ca2+ signaling play ...
... 4. The potential down-stream targets of these Ca2+ transients are also discussed as well as how they might integrate with other pattern-forming signaling pathways, known to modulate early developmental events. Introduction There is an accumulating body of evidence to suggest that Ca2+ signaling play ...
sperm aster in rabbit zygotes: its structure and
... variety of biological systems (3) and (b) the presence of a sperm aster concurrently with the movement of the pronuclei and its dissappearance at the conclusion of migration support the purported role of the sperm aster during fertilization. How microtubules bring about the movements of the pronucle ...
... variety of biological systems (3) and (b) the presence of a sperm aster concurrently with the movement of the pronuclei and its dissappearance at the conclusion of migration support the purported role of the sperm aster during fertilization. How microtubules bring about the movements of the pronucle ...
solvent selection for whole cell biotransformations in organic media
... for this purpose in microbiology. The effectiveness of the permeabilisation of E. coli cells by toluene has been studied by Deutscher (1974), who found the time of exposure, temperature, pH and growth stage all to be of importance. Using E. coli it was demonstrated that the amount of protein rele ...
... for this purpose in microbiology. The effectiveness of the permeabilisation of E. coli cells by toluene has been studied by Deutscher (1974), who found the time of exposure, temperature, pH and growth stage all to be of importance. Using E. coli it was demonstrated that the amount of protein rele ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.