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solvent selection for whole cell biotransformations in organic media
... for this purpose in microbiology. The effectiveness of the permeabilisation of E. coli cells by toluene has been studied by Deutscher (1974), who found the time of exposure, temperature, pH and growth stage all to be of importance. Using E. coli it was demonstrated that the amount of protein rele ...
... for this purpose in microbiology. The effectiveness of the permeabilisation of E. coli cells by toluene has been studied by Deutscher (1974), who found the time of exposure, temperature, pH and growth stage all to be of importance. Using E. coli it was demonstrated that the amount of protein rele ...
Avian erythrocytes have functional mitochondria, opening
... erythrocytes). Moreover, functional energetic machinery in these cells could permit other energy-requiring functions such as immune responses [32], as suggested for instance by natural and experimental phagocytosis by erythrocytes in amphibians [33]. All this relies on the assumption that avian eryt ...
... erythrocytes). Moreover, functional energetic machinery in these cells could permit other energy-requiring functions such as immune responses [32], as suggested for instance by natural and experimental phagocytosis by erythrocytes in amphibians [33]. All this relies on the assumption that avian eryt ...
PDF + SI - Development - The Company of Biologists
... 1995). FCs are born from the asymmetric division of progenitor cells (PCs) specified at precise positions and times within the somatic mesoderm. Detailed characterization of a few somatic muscle lineages has established that muscle identity (specific shape, size, orientation) reflects the expression ...
... 1995). FCs are born from the asymmetric division of progenitor cells (PCs) specified at precise positions and times within the somatic mesoderm. Detailed characterization of a few somatic muscle lineages has established that muscle identity (specific shape, size, orientation) reflects the expression ...
The SR Protein SRp38 Represses Splicing in M Phase Cells
... to a potent, general repressor that inhibits splicing at an early step. To investigate the cellular function of SRp38, we examined its possible role in cell cycle control. We show first that splicing, like other steps in gene expression, is inhibited in extracts of mitotic cells. Strikingly, SRp38 w ...
... to a potent, general repressor that inhibits splicing at an early step. To investigate the cellular function of SRp38, we examined its possible role in cell cycle control. We show first that splicing, like other steps in gene expression, is inhibited in extracts of mitotic cells. Strikingly, SRp38 w ...
Fatty acid
... • When phospholipids are added to water, they self-assemble into a bilayer, with the hydrophobic tails pointing toward the interior • The structure of phospholipids results in a bilayer arrangement found in cell membranes • Phospholipids are the major component of all cell membranes ...
... • When phospholipids are added to water, they self-assemble into a bilayer, with the hydrophobic tails pointing toward the interior • The structure of phospholipids results in a bilayer arrangement found in cell membranes • Phospholipids are the major component of all cell membranes ...
Full-Text PDF
... 2. A Brief Outline of the Hedgehog Pathway Hh genes are found throughout the animal kingdom. Vertebrates have three hhs: Desert hedgehog (Dhh), Indian hedgehog (Ihh) and Sonic hedgehog (Shh), although Ihh and Shh have undergone duplications in some teleosts [4]. The HH ligand is bound by a large mul ...
... 2. A Brief Outline of the Hedgehog Pathway Hh genes are found throughout the animal kingdom. Vertebrates have three hhs: Desert hedgehog (Dhh), Indian hedgehog (Ihh) and Sonic hedgehog (Shh), although Ihh and Shh have undergone duplications in some teleosts [4]. The HH ligand is bound by a large mul ...
Solid Tumour Section Testis: Spermatocytic seminoma Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... selective proliferation of cells with mutations that give them growth or survival advantage and eventually to tumour formation (Goriely and Wilkie, 2012). ...
... selective proliferation of cells with mutations that give them growth or survival advantage and eventually to tumour formation (Goriely and Wilkie, 2012). ...
Organelle Assembly in Yeast: Characterization of
... model in which much of protein secretion occurs via a default mechanism (5). Proteins competent for entry into the ER but lacking any additional sorting information passively transit from the ER to the Golgi complex and then are secreted via a nonspecific bulk flow mechanism (58). However, proteins ...
... model in which much of protein secretion occurs via a default mechanism (5). Proteins competent for entry into the ER but lacking any additional sorting information passively transit from the ER to the Golgi complex and then are secreted via a nonspecific bulk flow mechanism (58). However, proteins ...
GO - Buffalo Ontology Site
... When a gene is identified three important types of questions need to be addressed: 1. Where is it located in the cell? 2. What functions does it have on the molecular level? 3. To what biological processes do these functions contribute? ...
... When a gene is identified three important types of questions need to be addressed: 1. Where is it located in the cell? 2. What functions does it have on the molecular level? 3. To what biological processes do these functions contribute? ...
Auxin and other signals on the move in plants Auxins are a class of
... that get transported throughout the plant by one or several different transport mechanisms. Mineral nutrients, such as nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium and potassium, are taken up from the soil as inorganic materials, assimilated into organic compounds and transported through the pla ...
... that get transported throughout the plant by one or several different transport mechanisms. Mineral nutrients, such as nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium and potassium, are taken up from the soil as inorganic materials, assimilated into organic compounds and transported through the pla ...
Mast Cell-Derived Exosomes Induce Phenotypic and Functional
... understood. They could either stimulate T and B cells directly through the MHC-peptide complex or may be taken up by professional APCs that, in turn, use peptide-loaded MHC molecules present in exosomes to stimulate T lymphocytes. MCs are ubiquitously distributed among tissues, including bone marrow ...
... understood. They could either stimulate T and B cells directly through the MHC-peptide complex or may be taken up by professional APCs that, in turn, use peptide-loaded MHC molecules present in exosomes to stimulate T lymphocytes. MCs are ubiquitously distributed among tissues, including bone marrow ...
The Role of PME-1 in Cancer: Therapeutic Implications
... maintain a state of homeostasis necessary for normal cell function (Brautigan, 2013; Shi, 2009). However, in cancerous cells this homeostasis is disrupted by various molecular changes leading to an increased flux through the pro-survival signaling pathways, which promote malignant growth (Hanahan & ...
... maintain a state of homeostasis necessary for normal cell function (Brautigan, 2013; Shi, 2009). However, in cancerous cells this homeostasis is disrupted by various molecular changes leading to an increased flux through the pro-survival signaling pathways, which promote malignant growth (Hanahan & ...
Nociceptor and Hair Cell Transducer Properties of TRPA1, a
... form the mechanosensory organelle. Models of mechanotransduction, supported by ample physiological and anatomical evidence, imply the presence of one or two mechanosensory channel complexes at or near the top of each stereocilia, connected with each other via an extracellular structure called the ti ...
... form the mechanosensory organelle. Models of mechanotransduction, supported by ample physiological and anatomical evidence, imply the presence of one or two mechanosensory channel complexes at or near the top of each stereocilia, connected with each other via an extracellular structure called the ti ...
Generation of the podocyte and tubular components
... mesonephros is much simpler in structure than the metanephros, being a linear organ with only a few nephrons per body segment, and thus easier to manipulate and analyze. The current study investigated the initial stages of podocyte and tubule specification in the avian mesonephros. It was found that ...
... mesonephros is much simpler in structure than the metanephros, being a linear organ with only a few nephrons per body segment, and thus easier to manipulate and analyze. The current study investigated the initial stages of podocyte and tubule specification in the avian mesonephros. It was found that ...
Processing of 20S prerRNA to 18S ribosomal RNA in yeast requires
... required for the last cytoplasmic steps of 18S rRNA maturation. Here we demonstrate that Rio1p/Rrp10p is such a factor. Previous studies showed that the RIO1 gene is essential for cell viability and conserved from archaebacteria to man. We isolated a RIO1 mutant in a screen for mutations synthetical ...
... required for the last cytoplasmic steps of 18S rRNA maturation. Here we demonstrate that Rio1p/Rrp10p is such a factor. Previous studies showed that the RIO1 gene is essential for cell viability and conserved from archaebacteria to man. We isolated a RIO1 mutant in a screen for mutations synthetical ...
Nicotinamidase modulation of NAD biosynthesis and nicotinamide
... Nicotinamidase modulation of NAD+ biosynthesis and nicotinamide levels separately affect reproductive development and cell survival in C. elegans Tracy L. Vrablik*, Li Huang*,†, Stephanie E. Lange and Wendy Hanna-Rose‡ Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a central molecule in cellular metabo ...
... Nicotinamidase modulation of NAD+ biosynthesis and nicotinamide levels separately affect reproductive development and cell survival in C. elegans Tracy L. Vrablik*, Li Huang*,†, Stephanie E. Lange and Wendy Hanna-Rose‡ Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a central molecule in cellular metabo ...
MAPK-mediated Phosphorylation of GATA-1 Promotes Expression and Cell Survival* Bcl-X □
... to extracellular stimulation, suppresses the suicidal reaction, and prevents cells from disintegration. We previously demonstrated that GATA-1 is a key regulator of the E4bp4 gene and is also an essential component of the antiapoptotic network of IL-3 in an IL-3-dependent pro-B cell line (17). In th ...
... to extracellular stimulation, suppresses the suicidal reaction, and prevents cells from disintegration. We previously demonstrated that GATA-1 is a key regulator of the E4bp4 gene and is also an essential component of the antiapoptotic network of IL-3 in an IL-3-dependent pro-B cell line (17). In th ...
PDF
... Notch and Wnt are highly conserved signalling pathways that are used repeatedly throughout animal development to generate a diverse array of cell types. However, they often have opposing effects on cell-fate decisions with each pathway promoting an alternate outcome. Commonly, a cell receiving both ...
... Notch and Wnt are highly conserved signalling pathways that are used repeatedly throughout animal development to generate a diverse array of cell types. However, they often have opposing effects on cell-fate decisions with each pathway promoting an alternate outcome. Commonly, a cell receiving both ...
Get PDF - Wiley Online Library
... and avalanche, we find the epiboly traits of each of the alleles to be distinguishable, forming an allelic series. Using in situ analysis, we show that the specification and the formation of the germ layers is unaffected. However, during early gastrulation, convergence movements are slowed in homozygo ...
... and avalanche, we find the epiboly traits of each of the alleles to be distinguishable, forming an allelic series. Using in situ analysis, we show that the specification and the formation of the germ layers is unaffected. However, during early gastrulation, convergence movements are slowed in homozygo ...
Organ-Level Quorum Sensing Directs Regeneration in Hair Stem
... as the inter-follicular distance in mouse skin. In contrast, as we show in the next section, the decay length of the putative distressor induced by plucking appears to be substantially larger—on the order of 1 mm, or four to six inter-follicular distances. Estimating the Range of Action of the Quoru ...
... as the inter-follicular distance in mouse skin. In contrast, as we show in the next section, the decay length of the putative distressor induced by plucking appears to be substantially larger—on the order of 1 mm, or four to six inter-follicular distances. Estimating the Range of Action of the Quoru ...
Unit 7 Review
... 5. In humans, the genotype XX results in a(n) ____________________. 6. In humans, the specific condition caused by an extra chromosome 21 is called ____________________ ____________________. 7. Loss of control and regulation of the ____________________ ____________________ can result in the developm ...
... 5. In humans, the genotype XX results in a(n) ____________________. 6. In humans, the specific condition caused by an extra chromosome 21 is called ____________________ ____________________. 7. Loss of control and regulation of the ____________________ ____________________ can result in the developm ...
Generation of the podocyte and tubular components
... mesonephros is much simpler in structure than the metanephros, being a linear organ with only a few nephrons per body segment, and thus easier to manipulate and analyze. The current study investigated the initial stages of podocyte and tubule specification in the avian mesonephros. It was found that ...
... mesonephros is much simpler in structure than the metanephros, being a linear organ with only a few nephrons per body segment, and thus easier to manipulate and analyze. The current study investigated the initial stages of podocyte and tubule specification in the avian mesonephros. It was found that ...
Cryptic O2 –-generating NADPH oxidase in
... Hamster Ovary cell derived, kindly provided by Immunex, Seattle, WA). In both cases, sDCs were purified as described (MaldonadoLopez et al., 2001; Rizzitelli et al., 2002). The spleen tissue was treated with collagenase in Ca2+/Mg2+-free medium to dissociate the cells. The low density cells enriched ...
... Hamster Ovary cell derived, kindly provided by Immunex, Seattle, WA). In both cases, sDCs were purified as described (MaldonadoLopez et al., 2001; Rizzitelli et al., 2002). The spleen tissue was treated with collagenase in Ca2+/Mg2+-free medium to dissociate the cells. The low density cells enriched ...
The neutrophil in vascular inflammation
... where they release their cytotoxic contents, which induce inappropriate tissue injury leading to multiorgan failure. However, recently, other explanations have been put forth that suggest that sequestration of neutrophils in lungs and liver is beneficial to host survival. New and somewhat unorthodox ...
... where they release their cytotoxic contents, which induce inappropriate tissue injury leading to multiorgan failure. However, recently, other explanations have been put forth that suggest that sequestration of neutrophils in lungs and liver is beneficial to host survival. New and somewhat unorthodox ...
Review Article S-Layer Glycoproteins and Flagellins: Reporters of
... Many archaeal proteins undergo posttranslational modifications. S-layer proteins and flagellins have been used successfully to study a variety of these modifications, including N-linked glycosylation, signal peptide removal and lipid modification. Use of these well-characterized reporter proteins in ...
... Many archaeal proteins undergo posttranslational modifications. S-layer proteins and flagellins have been used successfully to study a variety of these modifications, including N-linked glycosylation, signal peptide removal and lipid modification. Use of these well-characterized reporter proteins in ...
Cytokinesis
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Unk.cilliate.jpg?width=300)
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.