Imaging of the Yellow Cameleon 3.6 Indicator
... of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), an oscillating tip-focused Ca21 gradient can be resolved through imaging of a cytosolically expressed Yellow Cameleon 3.6 fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based Ca21 sensor. Both elongation of the root hairs and the associated tip-focused Ca21 gradient sh ...
... of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), an oscillating tip-focused Ca21 gradient can be resolved through imaging of a cytosolically expressed Yellow Cameleon 3.6 fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based Ca21 sensor. Both elongation of the root hairs and the associated tip-focused Ca21 gradient sh ...
Phloem loading and unloading of sugars and amino acids
... & Hepler 1989) by micro-injection of small molecular weight membrane-impermeant fluorescent probes. In all cases (see References above), dye coupling was demonstrated to exist between mesophyll and minor vein cells. However vascular cell types importing the dye could not be resolved with confidence. ...
... & Hepler 1989) by micro-injection of small molecular weight membrane-impermeant fluorescent probes. In all cases (see References above), dye coupling was demonstrated to exist between mesophyll and minor vein cells. However vascular cell types importing the dye could not be resolved with confidence. ...
Evidence That Ternary Complex (eIF2-GTP-tRNAi
... (Figure 1C, green), suggesting that the small ribosomal subunits found at SGs are components of preinitiation complexes. Consistent with this notion, components of the large ribosomal subunit (L5, L37, and Po) do not accumulate at TIA-1/R⫹ SGs (Figure 1, D–F; middle, red). The merged views (Figure 1 ...
... (Figure 1C, green), suggesting that the small ribosomal subunits found at SGs are components of preinitiation complexes. Consistent with this notion, components of the large ribosomal subunit (L5, L37, and Po) do not accumulate at TIA-1/R⫹ SGs (Figure 1, D–F; middle, red). The merged views (Figure 1 ...
Calcium binding chaperones of the endoplasmic reticulum
... hearts and suggests that it may have a role in the process of myocardial cell differentiation and heart development (Barnes and Smoak 1997). It has been found that the selective increase in Grp94 in response to Ca2+ levels protects cardiomyocytes in ischemia (Vitadello et al. 2003). There are severa ...
... hearts and suggests that it may have a role in the process of myocardial cell differentiation and heart development (Barnes and Smoak 1997). It has been found that the selective increase in Grp94 in response to Ca2+ levels protects cardiomyocytes in ischemia (Vitadello et al. 2003). There are severa ...
Determination of the Correlation between Conductance and Architecture of Disordered ß-amyloid Channels
... It has been hypothesized that the insertion of cation preferential channels into neuronal cell membranes disrupts homeostasis and function leading to Alzheimer’s disease. These channels have been shown to be composed of variable numbers of subunits. The nonhomogenous configuration of these subunits ...
... It has been hypothesized that the insertion of cation preferential channels into neuronal cell membranes disrupts homeostasis and function leading to Alzheimer’s disease. These channels have been shown to be composed of variable numbers of subunits. The nonhomogenous configuration of these subunits ...
Nitric oxide is essential for vesicle formation and
... movement of the nucleus is bidirectional (Chytilova et al., 2000; Ketelaar et al., 2002). Chytilova et al. (2000) demonstrated that rapid and, in some cases, long-distance intracellular movement of nuclei within actively growing cells occurs. This fact has been widely observed, and the advantage for ...
... movement of the nucleus is bidirectional (Chytilova et al., 2000; Ketelaar et al., 2002). Chytilova et al. (2000) demonstrated that rapid and, in some cases, long-distance intracellular movement of nuclei within actively growing cells occurs. This fact has been widely observed, and the advantage for ...
Protein phosphorylation in chloroplasts – a survey of
... of phosphorylation, 128 phosphopeptides allowed unambiguous identification of the phosphorylation site while 98 peptides remained ambiguous (see supplemental table 1 in Facette et al., 2013). Of the localized sites, 99 (72%) were phosphorylated at serine, 32 (23%) at threonine, and 6 (4%) at tyrosin ...
... of phosphorylation, 128 phosphopeptides allowed unambiguous identification of the phosphorylation site while 98 peptides remained ambiguous (see supplemental table 1 in Facette et al., 2013). Of the localized sites, 99 (72%) were phosphorylated at serine, 32 (23%) at threonine, and 6 (4%) at tyrosin ...
Involvement of Native TRPC3 Proteins in ATP
... constitutive cation influx with 2 mmol/L Ca2⫹ in the bath likely reflects operation of a highly efficient Ca2⫹ buffering system. In line with this, when cells were exposed to higher Ca2⫹ gradients (10 mmol/L in the bath), a significant yet transient Ca2⫹ influx was observed (not shown). Ba2⫹ is not ...
... constitutive cation influx with 2 mmol/L Ca2⫹ in the bath likely reflects operation of a highly efficient Ca2⫹ buffering system. In line with this, when cells were exposed to higher Ca2⫹ gradients (10 mmol/L in the bath), a significant yet transient Ca2⫹ influx was observed (not shown). Ba2⫹ is not ...
The Vps13p–Cdc31p complex is directly required for TGN late
... Yeast VPS13 is the founding member of a eukaryotic gene family of growing interest in cell biology and medicine. Mutations in three of four human VPS13 genes cause autosomal recessive neurodegenerative or neurodevelopmental disease, making yeast Vps13p an important structural and functional model. U ...
... Yeast VPS13 is the founding member of a eukaryotic gene family of growing interest in cell biology and medicine. Mutations in three of four human VPS13 genes cause autosomal recessive neurodegenerative or neurodevelopmental disease, making yeast Vps13p an important structural and functional model. U ...
Isoform 5 of PIPKIc regulates the endosomal trafficking and
... SNX5 and PIPKIci5 colocalize at endosomes and both are required for EGFR degradation (Sun et al., 2013). Therefore, further studies focused on how these two proteins might regulate the sorting of E-cadherin for degradation. In polarized epithelial cells, the majority of E-cadherin localizes at cell– ...
... SNX5 and PIPKIci5 colocalize at endosomes and both are required for EGFR degradation (Sun et al., 2013). Therefore, further studies focused on how these two proteins might regulate the sorting of E-cadherin for degradation. In polarized epithelial cells, the majority of E-cadherin localizes at cell– ...
Keeping the immune system in check: a role for mitophagy
... known for their role in energy production. However, they also serve many additional roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis by governing cellular signaling pathways such as programmed cell death, cellular differentiation and aging. Mitochondria harbor their own DNA encoding 13 polypeptides that sy ...
... known for their role in energy production. However, they also serve many additional roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis by governing cellular signaling pathways such as programmed cell death, cellular differentiation and aging. Mitochondria harbor their own DNA encoding 13 polypeptides that sy ...
Chicken Acidic Leucine-rich EGF-like Domain Containing Brain
... mass differs from that of the carbohydrate-depleted polypeptide (110 kD) as analyzed by SDS-PAGE. Such differences between predicted and observed sizes have also been reported for other proteins (Rauch et al., 1992 and references therein) and might be due to low binding of SDS by the highly negative ...
... mass differs from that of the carbohydrate-depleted polypeptide (110 kD) as analyzed by SDS-PAGE. Such differences between predicted and observed sizes have also been reported for other proteins (Rauch et al., 1992 and references therein) and might be due to low binding of SDS by the highly negative ...
Dissociation of a ll0-kD Peripheral Membrane Protein from the Golgi
... on the process of biogenesis of organelies and on the ability of eukaryotic cells to establish the highly differentiated state of membrane-bounded compartmentalization. One potential mechanism by which BFA could act is through the disruption of underlying structural elements of the Golgi apparatus, ...
... on the process of biogenesis of organelies and on the ability of eukaryotic cells to establish the highly differentiated state of membrane-bounded compartmentalization. One potential mechanism by which BFA could act is through the disruption of underlying structural elements of the Golgi apparatus, ...
Localisation of the Ki-67 antigen within the nucleolus
... number of antigens are found in the nucleolus of proliferating cells only (Freeman et al., 1988 and references therein; Waseem and Lane, 1990). However, pKi-67 appears unique in that it associates with nucleoli of proliferating cells only and with chromosomes during mitosis. The nucleolus contains r ...
... number of antigens are found in the nucleolus of proliferating cells only (Freeman et al., 1988 and references therein; Waseem and Lane, 1990). However, pKi-67 appears unique in that it associates with nucleoli of proliferating cells only and with chromosomes during mitosis. The nucleolus contains r ...
PDF
... neural plate. First, Syn4 MO was injected at the 32-cell stage into the A1 blastomere, which is fated to contribute to the neural plate but not to the mesoderm (Moody, 1987). Sox2 expression was inhibited in descendants of these Syn4 MO-injected cells (Fig. 2C). This is specific for Syn4 because it ...
... neural plate. First, Syn4 MO was injected at the 32-cell stage into the A1 blastomere, which is fated to contribute to the neural plate but not to the mesoderm (Moody, 1987). Sox2 expression was inhibited in descendants of these Syn4 MO-injected cells (Fig. 2C). This is specific for Syn4 because it ...
Dissecting stimulus-specific Ca2+ signals in amyloplasts and
... Calcium is used by plants as an intracellular messenger in the detection of and response to a plethora of environmental stimuli and contributes to a fine-tuned internal regulation. Interest in the role of different subcellular compartments in Ca2+ homeostasis and signalling has been growing in recen ...
... Calcium is used by plants as an intracellular messenger in the detection of and response to a plethora of environmental stimuli and contributes to a fine-tuned internal regulation. Interest in the role of different subcellular compartments in Ca2+ homeostasis and signalling has been growing in recen ...
Dendritic amplification of inhibitory postsynaptic potentials in a
... experimental studies in both cerebellar Purkinje cells and neocortical pyramidal neurons have shown that voltage-dependent ion channels change the amplitude and time-course of postsynaptic potentials. We investigated the mechanisms involved in the propagation of inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (I ...
... experimental studies in both cerebellar Purkinje cells and neocortical pyramidal neurons have shown that voltage-dependent ion channels change the amplitude and time-course of postsynaptic potentials. We investigated the mechanisms involved in the propagation of inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (I ...
Editorial: Plant Organ Abscission: From Models to Crops
... The shedding of plant organs is a highly coordinated process essential for both vegetative and reproductive development (Addicott, 1982; Sexton and Roberts, 1982; Roberts et al., 2002; Leslie et al., 2007; Roberts and Gonzalez-Carranza, 2007; Estornell et al., 2013). Research with model plants, name ...
... The shedding of plant organs is a highly coordinated process essential for both vegetative and reproductive development (Addicott, 1982; Sexton and Roberts, 1982; Roberts et al., 2002; Leslie et al., 2007; Roberts and Gonzalez-Carranza, 2007; Estornell et al., 2013). Research with model plants, name ...
Endoplasmic Reticulum Export Sites and Golgi Bodies Behave as
... ER-to-Golgi protein transport may occur in plants. It was proposed that Golgi bodies move between fixed ERES in an actinmyosin–dependent fashion (stop-and-go model; Nebenführ et al., 1999). This model suggests that Golgi bodies become competent for cargo collection once they come to a halt on an ER ...
... ER-to-Golgi protein transport may occur in plants. It was proposed that Golgi bodies move between fixed ERES in an actinmyosin–dependent fashion (stop-and-go model; Nebenführ et al., 1999). This model suggests that Golgi bodies become competent for cargo collection once they come to a halt on an ER ...
![Plant organ abscission : from models to crops [Editorial]](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/017664906_1-50b6e09180dc533cbe5c526403de01e3-300x300.png)
Plant organ abscission : from models to crops [Editorial]
... The shedding of plant organs is a highly coordinated process essential for both vegetative and reproductive development (Addicott, 1982; Sexton and Roberts, 1982; Roberts et al., 2002; Leslie et al., 2007; Roberts and Gonzalez-Carranza, 2007; Estornell et al., 2013). Research with model plants, name ...
... The shedding of plant organs is a highly coordinated process essential for both vegetative and reproductive development (Addicott, 1982; Sexton and Roberts, 1982; Roberts et al., 2002; Leslie et al., 2007; Roberts and Gonzalez-Carranza, 2007; Estornell et al., 2013). Research with model plants, name ...
Funguslike Protists
... Use Target Reading Skills As you read, make an outline about protists that you can use for review. Use the red section headings for the main topics and blue headings for the subtopics. Protists I. What is a protist? II. Animal-like protists A. Protozoans with pseudopods ...
... Use Target Reading Skills As you read, make an outline about protists that you can use for review. Use the red section headings for the main topics and blue headings for the subtopics. Protists I. What is a protist? II. Animal-like protists A. Protozoans with pseudopods ...
Genetic and molecular identification of genes
... efficiency in which the mutant allele (carrying the kanamycin resistance) was transmitted to the next generation by the females and male gametes. TE was calculated as the ratio of kanamycin-resistant plants to kanamycin-sensitive plants resulting from the crossing indicated. ...
... efficiency in which the mutant allele (carrying the kanamycin resistance) was transmitted to the next generation by the females and male gametes. TE was calculated as the ratio of kanamycin-resistant plants to kanamycin-sensitive plants resulting from the crossing indicated. ...
Protoplast isolation - student notes
... enzymes break down the pectin holding cells together. Once the cell wall has been removed the resulting protoplast is spherical in shape. Digestion is usually carried out after incubation in an osmoticum (a solution of higher concentration than the cell contents which causes the cells to plasmolyse) ...
... enzymes break down the pectin holding cells together. Once the cell wall has been removed the resulting protoplast is spherical in shape. Digestion is usually carried out after incubation in an osmoticum (a solution of higher concentration than the cell contents which causes the cells to plasmolyse) ...
Control of Cell Pattern in the Neural Tube: Motor Neuron Induction
... Neural crest cells were defined by their migratory properties, the surface expression of the HNK-1, PI integrin, and p75 antigens (Maxwell et al., 1988; Delannet and Duband, 1992; Bernd, 1985; Stemple and Anderson, 1992), and their ability to differentiate into neurons and melanocytes. Ventral neura ...
... Neural crest cells were defined by their migratory properties, the surface expression of the HNK-1, PI integrin, and p75 antigens (Maxwell et al., 1988; Delannet and Duband, 1992; Bernd, 1985; Stemple and Anderson, 1992), and their ability to differentiate into neurons and melanocytes. Ventral neura ...
biochemical, biophysical and electrophysiological characterisation
... The present study is focused on the production, biochemical and biophysical characterisation as well as crystallisation of the voltage-gated sodium channel from Maricaulis maris MCS10 (NaChMM). Thus, an optimised protocol for the production of milligram quantities (6 mg/L) of highly pure recombinant ...
... The present study is focused on the production, biochemical and biophysical characterisation as well as crystallisation of the voltage-gated sodium channel from Maricaulis maris MCS10 (NaChMM). Thus, an optimised protocol for the production of milligram quantities (6 mg/L) of highly pure recombinant ...
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis (cyto- + kinesis) is the process during cell division in which the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell is divided to form two daughter cells. It usually initiates during the early stages of mitosis, and sometimes meiosis, splitting a mitotic cell in two, to ensure that chromosome number is maintained from one generation to the next. After cytokinesis two (daughter) cells will be formed that are exact copies of the (parent) original cell. After cytokinesis, each daughter cell is in the interphase portion of the cell cycle. In animal cells, one notable exception to the normal process of cytokinesis is oogenesis (the creation of an ovum in the ovarian follicle of the ovary), where the ovum takes almost all the cytoplasm and organelles, leaving very little for the resulting polar bodies, which then die. Another form of mitosis without cytokinesis occurs in the liver, yielding multinucleate cells. In plant cells, a dividing structure known as the cell plate forms within the centre of the cytoplasm and a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.Cytokinesis is distinguished from the prokaryotic process of binary fission.