PPT Nts Cellular Respiration
... fermentation to supply ATP, long distance athletes including cyclists, marathon runners, and cross-country skiers must pace themselves. They must rely on aerobic cellular respiration for most of the race, saving the anaerobic spring for the finish. Training for distance events focuses on increasing ...
... fermentation to supply ATP, long distance athletes including cyclists, marathon runners, and cross-country skiers must pace themselves. They must rely on aerobic cellular respiration for most of the race, saving the anaerobic spring for the finish. Training for distance events focuses on increasing ...
lecture CH23 chem131pikul
... • Step [1] reacts acetyl CoA with oxaloacetate to form citrate, and it is catalyzed by citrate synthase. • Step [2] isomerizes the 3o alcohol in citrate to the 2o alcohol in isocitrate; it is catalyzed by aconitase. • Step [3] isocitrate loses CO2 in a decarboxylation reaction catalyzed by isocitrat ...
... • Step [1] reacts acetyl CoA with oxaloacetate to form citrate, and it is catalyzed by citrate synthase. • Step [2] isomerizes the 3o alcohol in citrate to the 2o alcohol in isocitrate; it is catalyzed by aconitase. • Step [3] isocitrate loses CO2 in a decarboxylation reaction catalyzed by isocitrat ...
Integrative Assignment - California State University
... They are possibly the most thoroughly studied organism although mice, E. coli, and Drosophila are also in the running. – Henrik Kibak, Professor of Biology at CSU Monterey Bay. Figure below is from the National Geographic Genographic Project. ...
... They are possibly the most thoroughly studied organism although mice, E. coli, and Drosophila are also in the running. – Henrik Kibak, Professor of Biology at CSU Monterey Bay. Figure below is from the National Geographic Genographic Project. ...
Gene Section SDHB (succinate dehydrogenase complex II,
... © 2002 Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology ...
... © 2002 Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology ...
Hereditary mitochondrial diseases disorders of mitochondrial fatty
... ATP – adenosine triphosphate ...
... ATP – adenosine triphosphate ...
THE CITRIC ACID CYCLE
... The citric acid cycle constitutes the first stage in cellular respiration, the removal of high-energy electrons from carbon fuels. These electrons reduce O2 to generate a proton gradient. The gradient is used to synthesize ATP. ...
... The citric acid cycle constitutes the first stage in cellular respiration, the removal of high-energy electrons from carbon fuels. These electrons reduce O2 to generate a proton gradient. The gradient is used to synthesize ATP. ...
Chapter 6
... Very similar to aerobic respiration in eukaryotes Since prokaryotes have no mitochondria, it all occurs in the cytoplasm. Makes 2 more ATP because the NADH from glycolysis isn’t converted to FADH2 ...
... Very similar to aerobic respiration in eukaryotes Since prokaryotes have no mitochondria, it all occurs in the cytoplasm. Makes 2 more ATP because the NADH from glycolysis isn’t converted to FADH2 ...
mitochondria
... several steps via the electron transport chain. These energy-rich molecules are produced within the matrix via the citric acid cycle but are also produced in the cytoplasm by glycolysis. Reducing equivalents from the cytoplasm can be imported via the malate-aspartate shuttle system of antiporter pro ...
... several steps via the electron transport chain. These energy-rich molecules are produced within the matrix via the citric acid cycle but are also produced in the cytoplasm by glycolysis. Reducing equivalents from the cytoplasm can be imported via the malate-aspartate shuttle system of antiporter pro ...
17_Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate and Krebs cycle
... • Electrons are transferred from succinate to FAD and then to ubiquinone (Q) in electron transport chain • Dehydrogenation is stereospecific; only the trans isomer is formed ...
... • Electrons are transferred from succinate to FAD and then to ubiquinone (Q) in electron transport chain • Dehydrogenation is stereospecific; only the trans isomer is formed ...
Energy for Cells
... of carriers that pass electrons from one to the other. NADH and FADH2 deliver electrons to the chain. Consider that the hydrogen atoms attached to NADH and FADH2 consist of an e and an H. The members of the electron transport chain accept only electrons (e) and not hydrogen ions (H). In Figure 7 ...
... of carriers that pass electrons from one to the other. NADH and FADH2 deliver electrons to the chain. Consider that the hydrogen atoms attached to NADH and FADH2 consist of an e and an H. The members of the electron transport chain accept only electrons (e) and not hydrogen ions (H). In Figure 7 ...
Oxidation of Carbohydrate
... ATP-PCr System • Phosphocreatine (PCr): ATP recycling – PCr + creatine kinase Cr + Pi + energy – PCr energy cannot be used for cellular work – PCr energy can be used to reassemble ATP ...
... ATP-PCr System • Phosphocreatine (PCr): ATP recycling – PCr + creatine kinase Cr + Pi + energy – PCr energy cannot be used for cellular work – PCr energy can be used to reassemble ATP ...
Chapter 25: Metabolism
... – More difficult to break apart – Produce toxic by-product, ammonia (NH3) which is converted into urea in liver – Body needs protein for structural and functional cell components ...
... – More difficult to break apart – Produce toxic by-product, ammonia (NH3) which is converted into urea in liver – Body needs protein for structural and functional cell components ...
Nutrition, Metabolism and Thermoregulation
... Ah, glucose -- ah, sugar sugar --You help me make ATPWhen my predators are chasing me. Ah, glucose -- you're an aldehyde sugar, And you're sweeter than a woman's kiss 'Cause I need you for glycolysis. I just can't believe the way my muscles break you down. (My glycogen is almost ...
... Ah, glucose -- ah, sugar sugar --You help me make ATPWhen my predators are chasing me. Ah, glucose -- you're an aldehyde sugar, And you're sweeter than a woman's kiss 'Cause I need you for glycolysis. I just can't believe the way my muscles break you down. (My glycogen is almost ...
Cellular Respiration
... – Each acetyl oxidized to two CO2 molecules – Remaining 4 carbons from oxaloacetate converted back to oxaloacetate (thus “cyclic”) ...
... – Each acetyl oxidized to two CO2 molecules – Remaining 4 carbons from oxaloacetate converted back to oxaloacetate (thus “cyclic”) ...
METABOLISM: BASIC CONSEPTS & DESIGN
... phosphoryl-group donor in all of these reactions is ATP. So ATP is an activated carrier of phosphoryl groups because it is an exergonic process. ...
... phosphoryl-group donor in all of these reactions is ATP. So ATP is an activated carrier of phosphoryl groups because it is an exergonic process. ...
b-oxidation - mustafaaltinisik.org.uk
... • Acyl-CoAs are converted to acyl-carnitines by carnitine acyltransferase. • A translocator then imports Acyl carnitine into the matrix while simultaneously exporting free carnitine to the cytosol • Acyl-carnitine is then converted back to acylCoA in the matrix ...
... • Acyl-CoAs are converted to acyl-carnitines by carnitine acyltransferase. • A translocator then imports Acyl carnitine into the matrix while simultaneously exporting free carnitine to the cytosol • Acyl-carnitine is then converted back to acylCoA in the matrix ...
Electron transport chain
An electron transport chain (ETC) is a series of compounds that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox reactions, and couples this electron transfer with the transfer of protons (H+ ions) across a membrane. This creates an electrochemical proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis, or the generation of chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The final acceptor of electrons in the electron transport chain is molecular oxygen.Electron transport chains are used for extracting energy via redox reactions from sunlight in photosynthesis or, such as in the case of the oxidation of sugars, cellular respiration. In eukaryotes, an important electron transport chain is found in the inner mitochondrial membrane where it serves as the site of oxidative phosphorylation through the use of ATP synthase. It is also found in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast in photosynthetic eukaryotes. In bacteria, the electron transport chain is located in their cell membrane.In chloroplasts, light drives the conversion of water to oxygen and NADP+ to NADPH with transfer of H+ ions across chloroplast membranes. In mitochondria, it is the conversion of oxygen to water, NADH to NAD+ and succinate to fumarate that are required to generate the proton gradient. Electron transport chains are major sites of premature electron leakage to oxygen, generating superoxide and potentially resulting in increased oxidative stress.