Interplay between SCARECROW, GA and LIKE
... Genetic and epigenetic basis of ground tissue patterning 5 SCR does to the MGP promoter. The binding profiles for LHP1 and SCR overlap considerably. Next we performed quantitative RT–PCR and found that the expression levels of MGP and SCR are increased in the lhp1 mutant (Figure 2d), suggesting tha ...
... Genetic and epigenetic basis of ground tissue patterning 5 SCR does to the MGP promoter. The binding profiles for LHP1 and SCR overlap considerably. Next we performed quantitative RT–PCR and found that the expression levels of MGP and SCR are increased in the lhp1 mutant (Figure 2d), suggesting tha ...
Identification of a novel population of muscle stem cells in mice
... centages of desmin-expressing cells were still observed between the populations. Unlike EP cells, most MDSC (60%) do not express the myogenic marker desmin, and a small population (10%) of these cells is Sca-1/CD34; this latter characteristic also is found in primary hematopoietic stem cells (Nak ...
... centages of desmin-expressing cells were still observed between the populations. Unlike EP cells, most MDSC (60%) do not express the myogenic marker desmin, and a small population (10%) of these cells is Sca-1/CD34; this latter characteristic also is found in primary hematopoietic stem cells (Nak ...
Development of functional symbiotic white clover root hairs and
... of the plant host cell wall requires cell-bound cellulolytic enzymes produced by the symbiotic bacteria sandwiched within the typical “shepherd’s crook” structures of curled root hairs (Gage 2004; Robledo et al. 2008). Concomitantly, the root hair cell wall redirects its inward growth, resulting in ...
... of the plant host cell wall requires cell-bound cellulolytic enzymes produced by the symbiotic bacteria sandwiched within the typical “shepherd’s crook” structures of curled root hairs (Gage 2004; Robledo et al. 2008). Concomitantly, the root hair cell wall redirects its inward growth, resulting in ...
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... in the species where GluRS, IleRS, or LeuRS contained such domain, these enzymes would share such subcellular localization, but this has not been demonstrated. Conversely, aaRSs lacking CAAD in Anabaena and other species were all assumed to be soluble, which for the vast majority of them still await ...
... in the species where GluRS, IleRS, or LeuRS contained such domain, these enzymes would share such subcellular localization, but this has not been demonstrated. Conversely, aaRSs lacking CAAD in Anabaena and other species were all assumed to be soluble, which for the vast majority of them still await ...
1 - UvA-DARE - University of Amsterdam
... al., 2007). Despite the highly cell type-specific expression pattern, of these over 70 IF proteins, they all have a similar protein build up. IF proteins consist of an alpha helical rod domain, which is flanked by non-helical head and tail domains (Reeves et al., 1989), see Figure 1. The central rod ...
... al., 2007). Despite the highly cell type-specific expression pattern, of these over 70 IF proteins, they all have a similar protein build up. IF proteins consist of an alpha helical rod domain, which is flanked by non-helical head and tail domains (Reeves et al., 1989), see Figure 1. The central rod ...
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... 6 h of culture (Table 3). Ultrastructural damage to the SER was detectable within 4 h of treatment (Fig. 6) but could be overcome if cholesterol or serum cholesterol (as FCS) was added to the culture within this period. The influence of the age of the embryo on its susceptibility to treatment with 7 ...
... 6 h of culture (Table 3). Ultrastructural damage to the SER was detectable within 4 h of treatment (Fig. 6) but could be overcome if cholesterol or serum cholesterol (as FCS) was added to the culture within this period. The influence of the age of the embryo on its susceptibility to treatment with 7 ...
Nuclear-fallout, a Drosophila protein that cycles from the cytoplasm
... number and distribution throughout all the phases of the cell cycle (reviewed in Kellogg et al., 1994). Animal centrosomes typically contain a perpendicularly oriented pair of microtubule-based centrioles surrounded by an electron-dense pericentriolar material. Each centriole consists of a ring of m ...
... number and distribution throughout all the phases of the cell cycle (reviewed in Kellogg et al., 1994). Animal centrosomes typically contain a perpendicularly oriented pair of microtubule-based centrioles surrounded by an electron-dense pericentriolar material. Each centriole consists of a ring of m ...
Protists Cells: Grow and Develop:
... Heterotrophs, which means they get energy by eating or absorbing food. Examples of hertertrophs are Amoebas and Paramecium (animal like Protists) that move around to get their food. Other Protists are Photoautotrophs that make their own food from the sunlight. Algea is a great example of a photautot ...
... Heterotrophs, which means they get energy by eating or absorbing food. Examples of hertertrophs are Amoebas and Paramecium (animal like Protists) that move around to get their food. Other Protists are Photoautotrophs that make their own food from the sunlight. Algea is a great example of a photautot ...
Medullary thymic epithelial cell depletion leads to autoimmune
... revealed an increased presence of plasma cells in the portal infiltrates of Traf6ΔTEC livers (Figure 3A). A marked increase in the number of CD138+ plasma cells in Traf6ΔTEC mice was also found when intrahepatic lymphocyte populations were analyzed by flow cytometry (Figure 3B). This increase in pla ...
... revealed an increased presence of plasma cells in the portal infiltrates of Traf6ΔTEC livers (Figure 3A). A marked increase in the number of CD138+ plasma cells in Traf6ΔTEC mice was also found when intrahepatic lymphocyte populations were analyzed by flow cytometry (Figure 3B). This increase in pla ...
Hormonal regulation of stem cell maintenance in roots
... Auxin acts as a signal for all SCR- and SHR-expressing cells indirectly through PINs and PLTs to acquire a QC identity (Sabatini et al., 2003). SHR and SCR proteins belong to the GRAS family of transcription factors and they direct the QC to maintain the proper functioning of the QC and SCN (Helariu ...
... Auxin acts as a signal for all SCR- and SHR-expressing cells indirectly through PINs and PLTs to acquire a QC identity (Sabatini et al., 2003). SHR and SCR proteins belong to the GRAS family of transcription factors and they direct the QC to maintain the proper functioning of the QC and SCN (Helariu ...
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... formaldehyde agarose gel. Triplicate RNA samples (3 each of DR, GR, GS, and MS) were pooled in equimolar concentration to prepare four samples for sequencing. Four micrograms of pooled RNA sample was used as input material for cDNA library preparation using Illumina TruseqTM RNA library preparation ...
... formaldehyde agarose gel. Triplicate RNA samples (3 each of DR, GR, GS, and MS) were pooled in equimolar concentration to prepare four samples for sequencing. Four micrograms of pooled RNA sample was used as input material for cDNA library preparation using Illumina TruseqTM RNA library preparation ...
MAIT Cells Precursor Derivatives Activating Mouse Derived Riboflavin
... bacteria relates to the riboflavin biosynthesis pathway. Indeed, although the enzymes of the riboflavin synthesis pathway are grouped in a highly regulated operon in Gram-positive bacteria, these enzymes are dispersed in the genome of Gram-negative bacteria, and subtle differences in the nature or t ...
... bacteria relates to the riboflavin biosynthesis pathway. Indeed, although the enzymes of the riboflavin synthesis pathway are grouped in a highly regulated operon in Gram-positive bacteria, these enzymes are dispersed in the genome of Gram-negative bacteria, and subtle differences in the nature or t ...
PubMed Central CANADA
... genes Bcl2 Adenovirus E1B 19 kDa-interacting protein 3 (BNIP3), BNIP3-like (BNIP3L) and Metastatic Lymph Node (MLN)64, and re-sensitized TIR cells to LeTx. Among multiple histone acetylations, histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27Ac) was most significantly decreased in TIR cells in an HDAC8-depend ...
... genes Bcl2 Adenovirus E1B 19 kDa-interacting protein 3 (BNIP3), BNIP3-like (BNIP3L) and Metastatic Lymph Node (MLN)64, and re-sensitized TIR cells to LeTx. Among multiple histone acetylations, histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27Ac) was most significantly decreased in TIR cells in an HDAC8-depend ...
Applied and Environmental Microbiology
... roots were washed on the slides by a gentle stream of species incapable of infecting this host. This saline (0.15 M NaCl). New cover slips were placed criterion was fulfilled when adsorption of bacteover the roots, and the assemblies were filled with to clover root hairs was evaluated by direct sali ...
... roots were washed on the slides by a gentle stream of species incapable of infecting this host. This saline (0.15 M NaCl). New cover slips were placed criterion was fulfilled when adsorption of bacteover the roots, and the assemblies were filled with to clover root hairs was evaluated by direct sali ...
MORPHOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF
... the majority ganglion occasionally reach 1 mm in diameter. Furthermore, of the cells are located near the surfaces of the ganglion and can readily be visualized under the dissecting microscope. In a given preparation it is therefore possible to directly visualize and penetrate many cells with microe ...
... the majority ganglion occasionally reach 1 mm in diameter. Furthermore, of the cells are located near the surfaces of the ganglion and can readily be visualized under the dissecting microscope. In a given preparation it is therefore possible to directly visualize and penetrate many cells with microe ...
Chromatin folding – from biology to polymer models - UvA-DARE
... chromatin folding such an approach is justified as long as the monomer size is larger than the persistence length Lp of the chromatin fibre, i.e. the length over which the fibre is stiff (Box 1). It should be noted that the precise value of Lp for chromatin is not known. There are two basic types of ...
... chromatin folding such an approach is justified as long as the monomer size is larger than the persistence length Lp of the chromatin fibre, i.e. the length over which the fibre is stiff (Box 1). It should be noted that the precise value of Lp for chromatin is not known. There are two basic types of ...
Klebsiella pneumoniae survives within macrophages by
... bacteria after the contact. To synchronize infection, plates were centrifuged at 200 x g during 5 min ...
... bacteria after the contact. To synchronize infection, plates were centrifuged at 200 x g during 5 min ...
Localization of TGN38 to the trans-Golgi Network
... very little is known about signals for localization to the TGN. Two isoforms of a rat type I integral membrane protein, known as TGN38 and TGN41, have recently been shown to be specifically localized to a membrane-bound compartment with the characteristics of the TGN (Luzio et al., 1990; Reaves et a ...
... very little is known about signals for localization to the TGN. Two isoforms of a rat type I integral membrane protein, known as TGN38 and TGN41, have recently been shown to be specifically localized to a membrane-bound compartment with the characteristics of the TGN (Luzio et al., 1990; Reaves et a ...
The Analysis of Plant Growth - Plant Physiology and Development
... To gain a more complete understanding of plant growth and development, it is first essential to obtain clear and concise descriptions of changes that occur over time. Classically, plant growth has been analyzed in terms of cell number or overall size (i.e., mass). However, these measures tell only p ...
... To gain a more complete understanding of plant growth and development, it is first essential to obtain clear and concise descriptions of changes that occur over time. Classically, plant growth has been analyzed in terms of cell number or overall size (i.e., mass). However, these measures tell only p ...
PLC Biology
... The misuse of drugs The impact of legal/illegal drugs Performance enhancing drugs B1.4 Interdependence Competition Extremophiles Adaptation of plants/animals Environmental change and distribution Indicator species Measuring physical factors B1.5 Biomass Pyramids of Biomass Energy loss in food chains ...
... The misuse of drugs The impact of legal/illegal drugs Performance enhancing drugs B1.4 Interdependence Competition Extremophiles Adaptation of plants/animals Environmental change and distribution Indicator species Measuring physical factors B1.5 Biomass Pyramids of Biomass Energy loss in food chains ...
118 - University of Oxford
... epiblast [93] comprising primitive streak precursor cells that have migrated to this area by a series of ‘polonnaise movements’ [105]. The £rst visible sign of gastrulation is formation of the primitive streak, which arises from Koller’s sickle at the posterior midline of the blastodisc [52] (Figure ...
... epiblast [93] comprising primitive streak precursor cells that have migrated to this area by a series of ‘polonnaise movements’ [105]. The £rst visible sign of gastrulation is formation of the primitive streak, which arises from Koller’s sickle at the posterior midline of the blastodisc [52] (Figure ...
Induction of Lytic Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Infection in EBV
... expression of EBV early genes (12–18). BZLF1 expression is sufficient to trigger induction of lytic infection in both B cells and epithelial cells (12–14, 19 –22), and BRLF1 expression can induce lytic EBV infection efficiently in epithelial cells (22). Thus, delivery of either the BZLF1 or BRLF1 pr ...
... expression of EBV early genes (12–18). BZLF1 expression is sufficient to trigger induction of lytic infection in both B cells and epithelial cells (12–14, 19 –22), and BRLF1 expression can induce lytic EBV infection efficiently in epithelial cells (22). Thus, delivery of either the BZLF1 or BRLF1 pr ...
![[9] John Hiscott1,2,3,4, Hakju Kwon1,2 and Pierre Génin1,2. Hostile](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/009149009_1-886f14ff4241c04e7687727f6a979f26-300x300.png)
[9] John Hiscott1,2,3,4, Hakju Kwon1,2 and Pierre Génin1,2. Hostile
... value was achieved, the cells were washed three times and then reduced using 5mM reducing dithiothreitol (DTT). After reaching a minimal redox value the ...
... value was achieved, the cells were washed three times and then reduced using 5mM reducing dithiothreitol (DTT). After reaching a minimal redox value the ...
Mitosis
Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle in which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus. In general, mitosis (division of the nucleus) is often followed by cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components. Mitosis and cytokinesis together define the mitotic (M) phase of an animal cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells, genetically identical to each other and to their parent cell.The process of mitosis is divided into stages corresponding to the completion of one set of activities and the start of the next. These stages are prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During mitosis, the chromosomes, which have already duplicated, condense and attach to fibers that pull one copy of each chromosome to opposite sides of the cell. The result is two genetically identical daughter nuclei. The cell may then divide by cytokinesis to produce two daughter cells. Producing three or more daughter cells instead of normal two is a mitotic error called tripolar mitosis or multipolar mitosis (direct cell triplication / multiplication). Other errors during mitosis can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) or cause mutations. Certain types of cancer can arise from such mutations.Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotic cells and the process varies in different organisms. For example, animals undergo an ""open"" mitosis, where the nuclear envelope breaks down before the chromosomes separate, while fungi undergo a ""closed"" mitosis, where chromosomes divide within an intact cell nucleus. Furthermore, most animal cells undergo a shape change, known as mitotic cell rounding, to adopt a near spherical morphology at the start of mitosis. Prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus, divide by a different process called binary fission.