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... into liver parenchyma from the portal area. Oval cells express both ALB and cytokeratin 19 (CK19; KRT19 – Mouse Genome Informatics), which are hepatocytic and cholangiocytic markers, respectively, and are believed to differentiate into hepatocytic and biliary lineages, similar to hepatoblasts in emb ...
... into liver parenchyma from the portal area. Oval cells express both ALB and cytokeratin 19 (CK19; KRT19 – Mouse Genome Informatics), which are hepatocytic and cholangiocytic markers, respectively, and are believed to differentiate into hepatocytic and biliary lineages, similar to hepatoblasts in emb ...
dependent endoderm cell fate specification - EvoDevo
... the nature of the primordial anisotropy that triggered initial gastrulation movements is not known, and no existing model provides a molecular explanation for the initial evolution of a functional gut [3,5]. One ancient polarity that is present in most metazoan eggs is the animal-vegetal (AV) or pri ...
... the nature of the primordial anisotropy that triggered initial gastrulation movements is not known, and no existing model provides a molecular explanation for the initial evolution of a functional gut [3,5]. One ancient polarity that is present in most metazoan eggs is the animal-vegetal (AV) or pri ...
Correlative Imaging of Fluorescent Proteins in Resin
... fluorescence in thin sections means that cells can be imaged using techniques such as photoactivation light microscopy and stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy, allowing a lateral resolution of less than 10 nm to be achieved (Subach et al., 2009; Xu et al., 2012). A number of studies have des ...
... fluorescence in thin sections means that cells can be imaged using techniques such as photoactivation light microscopy and stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy, allowing a lateral resolution of less than 10 nm to be achieved (Subach et al., 2009; Xu et al., 2012). A number of studies have des ...
C. elegans daf-6 Encodes a Patched-Related Protein
... that these vacuoles contained matrix material. Consistent with this observation, EM cross-sections of daf6(e1377) animals revealed that amphid cilia resided within a sheath cell pocket containing material similar in electron density to matrix material (Figure 1O). These findings are also consistent ...
... that these vacuoles contained matrix material. Consistent with this observation, EM cross-sections of daf6(e1377) animals revealed that amphid cilia resided within a sheath cell pocket containing material similar in electron density to matrix material (Figure 1O). These findings are also consistent ...
Spatial and temporal regulation of DNA
... barley grains, not only is the embryo unable to initiate the germination processes, but that the aleurone is impaired in its activities as well (Schuurink et al., 1992; Wang et al., 1995). After contributing their hydrolytic enzymes, the aleurone cells will not become part of the young plant but are ...
... barley grains, not only is the embryo unable to initiate the germination processes, but that the aleurone is impaired in its activities as well (Schuurink et al., 1992; Wang et al., 1995). After contributing their hydrolytic enzymes, the aleurone cells will not become part of the young plant but are ...
pdf-Dokument - Universität Bonn
... 1.1 Vesicular traffic in the secretory and endocytic pathways Eukaryotic cells have a complex internal membrane system, which allows them to release macromolecules through the secretory pathway or to take up nutrients and signal molecules by a process called endocytosis. The secretory pathway is a h ...
... 1.1 Vesicular traffic in the secretory and endocytic pathways Eukaryotic cells have a complex internal membrane system, which allows them to release macromolecules through the secretory pathway or to take up nutrients and signal molecules by a process called endocytosis. The secretory pathway is a h ...
Functional Microsatellite Polymorphism Associated with Divergent
... displayed more affiliative behaviors, such as olfactory investigation and grooming, than a wildtype mouse (Young et al. 1999). Pharmacological manipulations in the prairie vole have demonstrated that activation of V1aR in the ventral pallidum is necessary for pair-bond formation (Lim and Young 2004) ...
... displayed more affiliative behaviors, such as olfactory investigation and grooming, than a wildtype mouse (Young et al. 1999). Pharmacological manipulations in the prairie vole have demonstrated that activation of V1aR in the ventral pallidum is necessary for pair-bond formation (Lim and Young 2004) ...
the Sec7 family of guanine-nucleotide- exchange factors
... BIG1 and BIG2. A third yeast Sec7-domain protein, Syt1p, shares little sequence similarity with members of either of these classes and so it is possible that it represents a third distinct class20. No higher-eukaryotic homologues of Syt1p have yet been identified. The S. cerevisiae Gea1p and Gea2p p ...
... BIG1 and BIG2. A third yeast Sec7-domain protein, Syt1p, shares little sequence similarity with members of either of these classes and so it is possible that it represents a third distinct class20. No higher-eukaryotic homologues of Syt1p have yet been identified. The S. cerevisiae Gea1p and Gea2p p ...
Studies on Plant Cell and Tissue Culture: Ⅳ. Effect of para
... Haploid plants are generally recognized because of their usefulness in various approaches to genetics, cytogenetics, and plant breeding research. Haploid cells in vitro are also considered to play an important role in somatic cell genetics and mutation research. Numerous investigators using various ...
... Haploid plants are generally recognized because of their usefulness in various approaches to genetics, cytogenetics, and plant breeding research. Haploid cells in vitro are also considered to play an important role in somatic cell genetics and mutation research. Numerous investigators using various ...
Root Border-Like Cells of Arabidopsis. Microscopical
... cells can regulate the expression of bacterial genes required for the establishment of plant-microbe associations. While border cells have been largely studied in species such as cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) or pea (Pisum sativum; see Hawes and Lin, 1990; Hawes et al., 1998), the characterization of ...
... cells can regulate the expression of bacterial genes required for the establishment of plant-microbe associations. While border cells have been largely studied in species such as cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) or pea (Pisum sativum; see Hawes and Lin, 1990; Hawes et al., 1998), the characterization of ...
Long-Term Potentiation in Cultures of Single Hippocampal Granule
... were tested for L2AP4 sensitivity, and then in the presence of AP5, the input was tetanized while holding the postsynaptic cell in voltage clamp. As can be seen in Figure 3, normal LTP was induced under these conditions (n 5 4). Thus far, the results suggest that neither glutamate receptors, a rise ...
... were tested for L2AP4 sensitivity, and then in the presence of AP5, the input was tetanized while holding the postsynaptic cell in voltage clamp. As can be seen in Figure 3, normal LTP was induced under these conditions (n 5 4). Thus far, the results suggest that neither glutamate receptors, a rise ...
Phospholipase D promotes Arcanobacterium haemolyticum
... PLDs are ubiquitous enzymes which cleave phospholipids, including phosphatidylcholine (PC) and sphingomyelin (SM), both of which are abundant in the mammalian plasma membrane [17]. SM, with cholesterol and GPI-anchored proteins, predominantly partitions to lipid rafts, which are tightly packed, memb ...
... PLDs are ubiquitous enzymes which cleave phospholipids, including phosphatidylcholine (PC) and sphingomyelin (SM), both of which are abundant in the mammalian plasma membrane [17]. SM, with cholesterol and GPI-anchored proteins, predominantly partitions to lipid rafts, which are tightly packed, memb ...
Minireview
... with the N-terminal tail of histone H4 (residues 16–25) originating from an adjacently packed nucleosome. Although this interaction was essential for crystal formation, there was debate as to whether this contact between nucleosomes was functionally relevant for the formation of high-order chromatin ...
... with the N-terminal tail of histone H4 (residues 16–25) originating from an adjacently packed nucleosome. Although this interaction was essential for crystal formation, there was debate as to whether this contact between nucleosomes was functionally relevant for the formation of high-order chromatin ...
The endocytosis of cellulose synthase in
... proteins involved in CME. A dynamin-related protein, DRP1A, plays a significant ...
... proteins involved in CME. A dynamin-related protein, DRP1A, plays a significant ...
Receptor Cell Biology: Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis
... In most cells, endocytosed ligand enters the peripheral endosomal tubulovesicular organelles and later is found in larger vesicular structures which contain internal membrane (i.e., multivesicular bodies/multivesicular endosomes) before delivery to classical lysosomes. This multivesicular endosome a ...
... In most cells, endocytosed ligand enters the peripheral endosomal tubulovesicular organelles and later is found in larger vesicular structures which contain internal membrane (i.e., multivesicular bodies/multivesicular endosomes) before delivery to classical lysosomes. This multivesicular endosome a ...
Oocyte Development in Hydra Involves Selection from Competent
... differentiate into oocytes. The oocyte is singled out from this subset and the competence of the remaining cells to become oocytes dramatically decreases as they adopt the alternative nurse cell fate. Progression through the nurse cell differentiation program requires the presence of the oocyte. Whe ...
... differentiate into oocytes. The oocyte is singled out from this subset and the competence of the remaining cells to become oocytes dramatically decreases as they adopt the alternative nurse cell fate. Progression through the nurse cell differentiation program requires the presence of the oocyte. Whe ...
Subthreshold High-Frequency Electrical Field
... Subthreshold electrical stimulation (SES) has been shown to induce an improvement of angiogenesis in ischemic and nonischemic skeletal muscles, mediated by increased VEGF expression. VEGF plays a key role in physiological and pathological angiogenesis. Cardiomyocytes possess the ability to synthesiz ...
... Subthreshold electrical stimulation (SES) has been shown to induce an improvement of angiogenesis in ischemic and nonischemic skeletal muscles, mediated by increased VEGF expression. VEGF plays a key role in physiological and pathological angiogenesis. Cardiomyocytes possess the ability to synthesiz ...
In all vertebrate embryos examined so far, the first
... Copyright © 2007 American Society of Hematology ...
... Copyright © 2007 American Society of Hematology ...
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... Phases of Cell Growth (cont.) Phase G2: post-synthetic phase in which the cell prepares for mitosis by producing RNA and specialized proteins Mitosis divides the cell into two G1 daughter cells G1 cells may advance again to S phase or pass into a non-proliferative stage (G0) S phase: stage of ...
... Phases of Cell Growth (cont.) Phase G2: post-synthetic phase in which the cell prepares for mitosis by producing RNA and specialized proteins Mitosis divides the cell into two G1 daughter cells G1 cells may advance again to S phase or pass into a non-proliferative stage (G0) S phase: stage of ...
Membrane flow through Golgi compartments
... fluorescence was spread throughout most of the area stained with an antibody against the ER marker protein disulphide isomerase (PDI) (Fig. 3E and F). The second CGN marker, gp74, underwent the same redistribution (not shown). Again, no significant changes in the location and morphology of the SGC ( ...
... fluorescence was spread throughout most of the area stained with an antibody against the ER marker protein disulphide isomerase (PDI) (Fig. 3E and F). The second CGN marker, gp74, underwent the same redistribution (not shown). Again, no significant changes in the location and morphology of the SGC ( ...
Mitosis
Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle in which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus. In general, mitosis (division of the nucleus) is often followed by cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components. Mitosis and cytokinesis together define the mitotic (M) phase of an animal cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells, genetically identical to each other and to their parent cell.The process of mitosis is divided into stages corresponding to the completion of one set of activities and the start of the next. These stages are prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During mitosis, the chromosomes, which have already duplicated, condense and attach to fibers that pull one copy of each chromosome to opposite sides of the cell. The result is two genetically identical daughter nuclei. The cell may then divide by cytokinesis to produce two daughter cells. Producing three or more daughter cells instead of normal two is a mitotic error called tripolar mitosis or multipolar mitosis (direct cell triplication / multiplication). Other errors during mitosis can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) or cause mutations. Certain types of cancer can arise from such mutations.Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotic cells and the process varies in different organisms. For example, animals undergo an ""open"" mitosis, where the nuclear envelope breaks down before the chromosomes separate, while fungi undergo a ""closed"" mitosis, where chromosomes divide within an intact cell nucleus. Furthermore, most animal cells undergo a shape change, known as mitotic cell rounding, to adopt a near spherical morphology at the start of mitosis. Prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus, divide by a different process called binary fission.