The Cellular Basis of Gastrulation in Xenopus laevis: Active
... Holtfreter, 1955; Ikushima and Maru- endodermal epithelium (the archenteron yama, 1971). The fact that the preinvolu- roof)? The answers are not clear. Grafting tion DMZ will not extend autonomously experiments show that the processes of until a developmental age when it normally convergence, extens ...
... Holtfreter, 1955; Ikushima and Maru- endodermal epithelium (the archenteron yama, 1971). The fact that the preinvolu- roof)? The answers are not clear. Grafting tion DMZ will not extend autonomously experiments show that the processes of until a developmental age when it normally convergence, extens ...
What do colony patterns mean? - James A. Shapiro
... modeling B. subtilis DBM Observations: 1. Amino acids necessary (I.B. Holland, personal communication) 2. DBM limited to a special region of the nutritional-mobility space 3. DBM characterized by branches that do not grow in width 4. Tip-splitting occurs when branches separated by a critical distanc ...
... modeling B. subtilis DBM Observations: 1. Amino acids necessary (I.B. Holland, personal communication) 2. DBM limited to a special region of the nutritional-mobility space 3. DBM characterized by branches that do not grow in width 4. Tip-splitting occurs when branches separated by a critical distanc ...
Mitochondrial permeability transition pore as a target for - AJP
... were given either normal buffer or buffer containing the 0.005% ethanol or 0.02% DMSO vehicle controls for the first 30 min of the reoxygenation period. In the hypoxic preconditioning group (n ⫽ 6), immediately before the lethal 90-min period of hypoxia atrial trabeculae were subjected to 3 min of h ...
... were given either normal buffer or buffer containing the 0.005% ethanol or 0.02% DMSO vehicle controls for the first 30 min of the reoxygenation period. In the hypoxic preconditioning group (n ⫽ 6), immediately before the lethal 90-min period of hypoxia atrial trabeculae were subjected to 3 min of h ...
Coordination of Cellular Pattern-Generating Circuits that Control
... Each local three-cell circuit that controls a swimmeret can be considered as a local oscillator that has its own intrinsic frequency, . The activity of this oscillator can be described by one variable, , the phase of this oscillator as it moves around its stable limit-cycle. In a set of similar os ...
... Each local three-cell circuit that controls a swimmeret can be considered as a local oscillator that has its own intrinsic frequency, . The activity of this oscillator can be described by one variable, , the phase of this oscillator as it moves around its stable limit-cycle. In a set of similar os ...
View PDF - G3: Genes | Genomes | Genetics
... with 1% glucose and grown for 16–18 hr to an OD600 of 11–12 to obtain mostly unbudded G1 cells. Cells were then pelleted by centrifugation, washed with sterile water and resuspended to a final OD600 of 2.5 in SPO; 50 mM copper (II) sulfate was added 2 hr after the cells were transferred to SPO to ind ...
... with 1% glucose and grown for 16–18 hr to an OD600 of 11–12 to obtain mostly unbudded G1 cells. Cells were then pelleted by centrifugation, washed with sterile water and resuspended to a final OD600 of 2.5 in SPO; 50 mM copper (II) sulfate was added 2 hr after the cells were transferred to SPO to ind ...
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... region of each ependymal cell, in agreement with a recent report on translational polarity (Fig. 1D) (Mirzadeh et al., 2010). We next compared the centroid position of the area containing basal bodies with that of the whole cell, by dividing each cell into quadrants (dorsal, ventral, posterior, ante ...
... region of each ependymal cell, in agreement with a recent report on translational polarity (Fig. 1D) (Mirzadeh et al., 2010). We next compared the centroid position of the area containing basal bodies with that of the whole cell, by dividing each cell into quadrants (dorsal, ventral, posterior, ante ...
- Mochtar Riady Institute
... note that they were still functional in regulating MDDC function similarly to the fulllength AFP derived from purified human cord blood serum, which presumably are glycosylated. These results indicated that glycosylation of AFP seems to be unnecessary in their immunoregulatory function. Our result ...
... note that they were still functional in regulating MDDC function similarly to the fulllength AFP derived from purified human cord blood serum, which presumably are glycosylated. These results indicated that glycosylation of AFP seems to be unnecessary in their immunoregulatory function. Our result ...
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... Fertilization initiates a cascade of events that leads to breaking the symmetry of the oocyte, as evidenced by a local cessation of actomyosin contractility. What is the nature of the symmetry-breaking cue? It is not the sperm entry site nor paternal genetic material (Sadler and Shakes, 2000 Goldste ...
... Fertilization initiates a cascade of events that leads to breaking the symmetry of the oocyte, as evidenced by a local cessation of actomyosin contractility. What is the nature of the symmetry-breaking cue? It is not the sperm entry site nor paternal genetic material (Sadler and Shakes, 2000 Goldste ...
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... appeared to have no effect on folding of the epithelium. The conclusion that smooth muscle is not required for folding of the epithelium is strengthened by evidence from a more radical experiment. Twelve ellipse-stage intestines from eight embryos were cut open lengthwise to form flat fragments with ...
... appeared to have no effect on folding of the epithelium. The conclusion that smooth muscle is not required for folding of the epithelium is strengthened by evidence from a more radical experiment. Twelve ellipse-stage intestines from eight embryos were cut open lengthwise to form flat fragments with ...
A Chromatin Insulator Determines the Nuclear Localization of DNA
... and at least two proteins. The suppressor of Hairy-wing [su(Hw)] protein contains 12 zinc fingers and interacts with the insulator DNA (Spana and Corces, 1990). The mod(mdg4) protein contains a BTB domain and interacts with su(Hw) (Dorn et al., 1993; Gerasimova et al., 1995; Gerasimova and Corces, 1 ...
... and at least two proteins. The suppressor of Hairy-wing [su(Hw)] protein contains 12 zinc fingers and interacts with the insulator DNA (Spana and Corces, 1990). The mod(mdg4) protein contains a BTB domain and interacts with su(Hw) (Dorn et al., 1993; Gerasimova et al., 1995; Gerasimova and Corces, 1 ...
Integrins and cell differentiation
... Vein by the muscle cells and the subsequent activation of the Egfr pathway in the tendon cells (Yarnitzky et al., 1997). Egfr function in the tendon cells is required for proper expression of at least two genes, the β1 tubulin gene and the stripe gene. Embryos mutant for Egfr, or embryos in which a ...
... Vein by the muscle cells and the subsequent activation of the Egfr pathway in the tendon cells (Yarnitzky et al., 1997). Egfr function in the tendon cells is required for proper expression of at least two genes, the β1 tubulin gene and the stripe gene. Embryos mutant for Egfr, or embryos in which a ...
Cellular origin of the basement membrane in embryonic chicken
... glomeruli and species-specific antibodies, deserves special attention. These authors explanted 11-day-old mouse embryonic kidney rudiments on chicken chorioallantoic membrane. During incubation. the chicken vessels invade the mouse tissue. forming hybrid glomeruli composed of mouse epithelium and ch ...
... glomeruli and species-specific antibodies, deserves special attention. These authors explanted 11-day-old mouse embryonic kidney rudiments on chicken chorioallantoic membrane. During incubation. the chicken vessels invade the mouse tissue. forming hybrid glomeruli composed of mouse epithelium and ch ...
Lim, K et al Science 2015
... the target cells (1–4). However, many of these chemokines are derived from newly recruited innate immune cells during the initial infection (1, 5–7) and little is known about how these innate immunederived chemotactic signals are present in the tissue microenvironment and how they act to recruit T c ...
... the target cells (1–4). However, many of these chemokines are derived from newly recruited innate immune cells during the initial infection (1, 5–7) and little is known about how these innate immunederived chemotactic signals are present in the tissue microenvironment and how they act to recruit T c ...
IGF-1 induces rat glomerular mesangial cells to accumulate
... LDL (AcLDL) binding and degradation; and levels of protein expression of sterol-regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR), PPAR␣, PPAR␥ and PPAR␦, scavenger receptor (SR) SR-B1, CD36, ATP-binding cassette A-1 (ABCA-1), and 3-hydroxy-3-me ...
... LDL (AcLDL) binding and degradation; and levels of protein expression of sterol-regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR), PPAR␣, PPAR␥ and PPAR␦, scavenger receptor (SR) SR-B1, CD36, ATP-binding cassette A-1 (ABCA-1), and 3-hydroxy-3-me ...
Tese Hugo Fraga
... in the different protocol steps. In the image are showed EC derived from proliferation cycles (Control); EC only subjected to 60 min cryotreatment (Cryotreated); EC after 60 min cryotreatment and slow cooling in Mr. Frosty, but not immersed in LN (After Mr. Frosty); cryotreated EC for 60 min subject ...
... in the different protocol steps. In the image are showed EC derived from proliferation cycles (Control); EC only subjected to 60 min cryotreatment (Cryotreated); EC after 60 min cryotreatment and slow cooling in Mr. Frosty, but not immersed in LN (After Mr. Frosty); cryotreated EC for 60 min subject ...
Full Text - The International Journal of Developmental Biology
... of extraembryonic coelom separates these two somatopleural tissues from the splanchnopleural tissue, which becomes the later yolk sac. The amnion encloses the developing embryo by the end of E3 (Adamstone, 1948; Lillie, 1919; Romanoff, 1960; Wu et al., 2001). The remainder of the extraembryonic soma ...
... of extraembryonic coelom separates these two somatopleural tissues from the splanchnopleural tissue, which becomes the later yolk sac. The amnion encloses the developing embryo by the end of E3 (Adamstone, 1948; Lillie, 1919; Romanoff, 1960; Wu et al., 2001). The remainder of the extraembryonic soma ...
Maturing reticulocytes internalize plasma membrane
... Institute for Transfusion Sciences, Bristol, United Kingdom; 2National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Bristol, United Kingdom; and Biology Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, University of Bristol School of Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Bristol, United Kingdom ...
... Institute for Transfusion Sciences, Bristol, United Kingdom; 2National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Bristol, United Kingdom; and Biology Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, University of Bristol School of Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Bristol, United Kingdom ...
Microbiology of the Rumen - Iowa State University: Animal Science
... 500-20,000 α-(1, 4)-D-glucose units with a few α-1, 6 branches. Amylose can form an extended shape. Hydrogen bonding occurs between aligned chains. The aligned chains may form double stranded crystallites that are resistant to amylases. Amylopectin is formed by non-random α-1, 6 branching of the amy ...
... 500-20,000 α-(1, 4)-D-glucose units with a few α-1, 6 branches. Amylose can form an extended shape. Hydrogen bonding occurs between aligned chains. The aligned chains may form double stranded crystallites that are resistant to amylases. Amylopectin is formed by non-random α-1, 6 branching of the amy ...
functional differentiation of enterocytes in the follicle
... 1978; Chu, Glock & Ross, 1979). The possibility exists that cells formed in the FAE might have their pattern of differentiation determined, in part, through close contact with underlying lymphoid tissue (Smith & Peacock, 1980). The ability of villus enterocytes to take up different amino acids, whic ...
... 1978; Chu, Glock & Ross, 1979). The possibility exists that cells formed in the FAE might have their pattern of differentiation determined, in part, through close contact with underlying lymphoid tissue (Smith & Peacock, 1980). The ability of villus enterocytes to take up different amino acids, whic ...
Saquinavir, an HIV Protease Inhibitor, Is Transported by P
... The recent discovery of HIV-1 protease inhibitors has introduced a new class of first-line drug therapies for mid-stage and advanced-stage HIV patients. Saquinavir mesylate (Invirase, originally Ro 31-8959) is one such agent and was the first to become clinically available in the United States to HI ...
... The recent discovery of HIV-1 protease inhibitors has introduced a new class of first-line drug therapies for mid-stage and advanced-stage HIV patients. Saquinavir mesylate (Invirase, originally Ro 31-8959) is one such agent and was the first to become clinically available in the United States to HI ...
Hypothetical photosensory structure in ciliated protozoan, Blepharisma
... cell surface within a few minutes (Figs 4C, D). The TBS release occurred at 1.5 h in cases when the encystment was most quickly induced but proceeded much more slowly in the case of typical cells. The cells whose cortical region was deeply stained by the diffusion of TBS could hardly be crushed by a ...
... cell surface within a few minutes (Figs 4C, D). The TBS release occurred at 1.5 h in cases when the encystment was most quickly induced but proceeded much more slowly in the case of typical cells. The cells whose cortical region was deeply stained by the diffusion of TBS could hardly be crushed by a ...
Cancer-Initiating Cells from Colorectal Cancer Patients Escape from
... isolated from human solid tumors, including colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of this study was to obtain an immunological profile of CRC-derived CICs and to identify CIC-associated target molecules for T cell immunotherapy. We have isolated cells with CIC properties along with their putative non-CIC ...
... isolated from human solid tumors, including colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of this study was to obtain an immunological profile of CRC-derived CICs and to identify CIC-associated target molecules for T cell immunotherapy. We have isolated cells with CIC properties along with their putative non-CIC ...
Chromatin and the genome integrity network
... that chromatin primarily regulates the initial accessibil- results are unclear. Likewise, chromatin remodelling by ity of the lesion to the repair machinery. Indeed, a large the budding yeast INO80 complex does not appear to number of the ATP-dependent chromatin-remodelling have an impact on the eff ...
... that chromatin primarily regulates the initial accessibil- results are unclear. Likewise, chromatin remodelling by ity of the lesion to the repair machinery. Indeed, a large the budding yeast INO80 complex does not appear to number of the ATP-dependent chromatin-remodelling have an impact on the eff ...
Mitosis
Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle in which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus. In general, mitosis (division of the nucleus) is often followed by cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components. Mitosis and cytokinesis together define the mitotic (M) phase of an animal cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells, genetically identical to each other and to their parent cell.The process of mitosis is divided into stages corresponding to the completion of one set of activities and the start of the next. These stages are prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During mitosis, the chromosomes, which have already duplicated, condense and attach to fibers that pull one copy of each chromosome to opposite sides of the cell. The result is two genetically identical daughter nuclei. The cell may then divide by cytokinesis to produce two daughter cells. Producing three or more daughter cells instead of normal two is a mitotic error called tripolar mitosis or multipolar mitosis (direct cell triplication / multiplication). Other errors during mitosis can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) or cause mutations. Certain types of cancer can arise from such mutations.Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotic cells and the process varies in different organisms. For example, animals undergo an ""open"" mitosis, where the nuclear envelope breaks down before the chromosomes separate, while fungi undergo a ""closed"" mitosis, where chromosomes divide within an intact cell nucleus. Furthermore, most animal cells undergo a shape change, known as mitotic cell rounding, to adopt a near spherical morphology at the start of mitosis. Prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus, divide by a different process called binary fission.