Identification of Myosin XI Receptors in Arabidopsis Defines a
... primitive land plants and founded a multigene family that is conserved in all flowering plants. Collectively, these findings indicate that MyoB are membrane-anchored myosin receptors that define a distinct, plant-specific transport vesicle compartment. ...
... primitive land plants and founded a multigene family that is conserved in all flowering plants. Collectively, these findings indicate that MyoB are membrane-anchored myosin receptors that define a distinct, plant-specific transport vesicle compartment. ...
Running Head: Superresolution of cortical
... al., 2013) and inevitably a very narrow field of view when used for in vivo studies (Mattheyses et ...
... al., 2013) and inevitably a very narrow field of view when used for in vivo studies (Mattheyses et ...
Muscle precursor cells isolated from aged rats exhibit
... three reasons: (i) it facilitates cell signaling for both TNFR1 and TNFR2 (Gupta & Gollapudi, 2005); (ii) it was shown to be decreased in T cells from aged humans (Aggarwal et al., 1999); and (iii) it is a known target of NF-κB (Wang et al., 1998). Taken together, we hypothesized that higher TRAF-2 ...
... three reasons: (i) it facilitates cell signaling for both TNFR1 and TNFR2 (Gupta & Gollapudi, 2005); (ii) it was shown to be decreased in T cells from aged humans (Aggarwal et al., 1999); and (iii) it is a known target of NF-κB (Wang et al., 1998). Taken together, we hypothesized that higher TRAF-2 ...
Vesicular transport of newly synthesized opsin from the Golgi
... rim regions (EC, ROS) as well as mitochondria and cytoplasm. The remaining grain compartments consisted of membranous components identified asjunctional items with cytoplasm. Thus, they were identified only in association with surrounding cytoplasm. In each case, the structure was identified by use ...
... rim regions (EC, ROS) as well as mitochondria and cytoplasm. The remaining grain compartments consisted of membranous components identified asjunctional items with cytoplasm. Thus, they were identified only in association with surrounding cytoplasm. In each case, the structure was identified by use ...
Lysosomes in iron metabolism, ageing and apoptosis
... storage diseases, often with a serious outcome, are due to mutated and inactive lysosomal hydrolases. As a consequence, substrates cannot be degraded by these faulty enzymes, but rather accumulate inside the lysosomal compartment. The analogy to lipofuscin accumulation in senescent long-lived postmi ...
... storage diseases, often with a serious outcome, are due to mutated and inactive lysosomal hydrolases. As a consequence, substrates cannot be degraded by these faulty enzymes, but rather accumulate inside the lysosomal compartment. The analogy to lipofuscin accumulation in senescent long-lived postmi ...
isolation and characterization of the membrane
... olism and attendant incompatibilities which possibly occur on each side of the membrane. There are three main views regarding the origin of this membrane: (a) that Rhizobium is taken into the host by endocytosis and that the membrane is derived from the plasma membrane of the host cell (5, 14, 15, ...
... olism and attendant incompatibilities which possibly occur on each side of the membrane. There are three main views regarding the origin of this membrane: (a) that Rhizobium is taken into the host by endocytosis and that the membrane is derived from the plasma membrane of the host cell (5, 14, 15, ...
Allogeneic T regulatory cell–mediated
... allo-skin grafts. Because Treg cells express MHC class II– restricted TCRs, it was of interest to determine whether the skin graft must express MHC class II molecules because this may indicate that suppression is the result of a mechanism that depends on direct recognition of MHC class II molecules ...
... allo-skin grafts. Because Treg cells express MHC class II– restricted TCRs, it was of interest to determine whether the skin graft must express MHC class II molecules because this may indicate that suppression is the result of a mechanism that depends on direct recognition of MHC class II molecules ...
Cell Alloimmunization Hemin Controls T Cell Polarization in Sickle
... For Treg subset analysis at day 7 of CD4+ T cell/monocyte cocultures, cells were harvested and intracellular expression of FOXP3 and Helios in CD4+ cells was analyzed using anti-FOXP3 (clone PCH101; eBioscience, San Jose, CA) and anti-Helios (clone 22F6; BioLegend, San Diego, CA), respectively, as p ...
... For Treg subset analysis at day 7 of CD4+ T cell/monocyte cocultures, cells were harvested and intracellular expression of FOXP3 and Helios in CD4+ cells was analyzed using anti-FOXP3 (clone PCH101; eBioscience, San Jose, CA) and anti-Helios (clone 22F6; BioLegend, San Diego, CA), respectively, as p ...
Bugging the cell wall of bacteria
... glycopeptides and the lantibiotics. They share the common action of preventing incorporation of Lipid II, thereby weakening the cell wall and eventually killing the cells. The best known member of the glycopeptide class of antibiotics, vancomycin, was used for decades as last resort antibiotic. It b ...
... glycopeptides and the lantibiotics. They share the common action of preventing incorporation of Lipid II, thereby weakening the cell wall and eventually killing the cells. The best known member of the glycopeptide class of antibiotics, vancomycin, was used for decades as last resort antibiotic. It b ...
TBX5 is required for embryonic cardiac cell cycle - UNC
... TBX5 is required for embryonic cardiac cell cycle progression Sarah C. Goetz1,2, Daniel D. Brown1,2 and Frank L. Conlon1,2,3,* Despite the critical importance of TBX5 in normal development and disease, relatively little is known about the mechanisms by which TBX5 functions in the embryonic heart. Ou ...
... TBX5 is required for embryonic cardiac cell cycle progression Sarah C. Goetz1,2, Daniel D. Brown1,2 and Frank L. Conlon1,2,3,* Despite the critical importance of TBX5 in normal development and disease, relatively little is known about the mechanisms by which TBX5 functions in the embryonic heart. Ou ...
NO 3
... The apoplast (apo, greek= away from the plasma) is the continuous system of water and air filled spaces of the cell wall and is in close contact with the soil medium, the contact often being enhanced by numerous root hairs. Water free space(水分自由空间） and Donnan free space（ 杜南自由空间） Cations interact wit ...
... The apoplast (apo, greek= away from the plasma) is the continuous system of water and air filled spaces of the cell wall and is in close contact with the soil medium, the contact often being enhanced by numerous root hairs. Water free space(水分自由空间） and Donnan free space（ 杜南自由空间） Cations interact wit ...
Study of moss vacuoles and functional
... The endomembrane system (secretory pathway) of plant cells has been studied by analogy with those of animals and yeasts, which have been well characterized. In plants, the secretory pathway comprises the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) as site of protein and lipid synthesis, the Golgi apparatus (GA) as m ...
... The endomembrane system (secretory pathway) of plant cells has been studied by analogy with those of animals and yeasts, which have been well characterized. In plants, the secretory pathway comprises the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) as site of protein and lipid synthesis, the Golgi apparatus (GA) as m ...
ExamplePoster3 - Bridgewater College
... FACTORS INFLUENCING THE SYNTHESIS OF POLYHYDROXYBUTYRATE DEPOLYMERASE IN STREPTOMYCES SP. 5A Matthew B. Persinger, Matthew Shull, and Stephen F. Baron, Biology Dept., Bridgewater College, Bridgewater, VA 22812 ...
... FACTORS INFLUENCING THE SYNTHESIS OF POLYHYDROXYBUTYRATE DEPOLYMERASE IN STREPTOMYCES SP. 5A Matthew B. Persinger, Matthew Shull, and Stephen F. Baron, Biology Dept., Bridgewater College, Bridgewater, VA 22812 ...
Maternal Torso-Like Coordinates Tissue Folding During
... with chromosomes carrying tsl2 or tsl3 alleles produced embryos with only terminal defects and no ventral holes (Fig. 1E). However, in transheterozygotes for tslΔ and the tsl4 and tsl5 alleles, both of which are known to be stronger with respect to the terminal class phenotype (Savant-Bhonsale and ...
... with chromosomes carrying tsl2 or tsl3 alleles produced embryos with only terminal defects and no ventral holes (Fig. 1E). However, in transheterozygotes for tslΔ and the tsl4 and tsl5 alleles, both of which are known to be stronger with respect to the terminal class phenotype (Savant-Bhonsale and ...
Review The cellular functions of clathrin
... hydrophobic amino acid, X is any amino acid and brackets enclose alternatives) such as those present in AP-1, AP-2 and β-arrestin [26]. There is a second interaction site on this domain that can accommodate W-box motifs (PWXXW) such as those found in amphiphysin [27]. Second, X-ray analysis of cryst ...
... hydrophobic amino acid, X is any amino acid and brackets enclose alternatives) such as those present in AP-1, AP-2 and β-arrestin [26]. There is a second interaction site on this domain that can accommodate W-box motifs (PWXXW) such as those found in amphiphysin [27]. Second, X-ray analysis of cryst ...
Mitochondria in Lung Biology and Pathology: More than - AJP-Lung
... that therapeutic strategies aimed at reconstituting normal mitochondrial population and ...
... that therapeutic strategies aimed at reconstituting normal mitochondrial population and ...
Negative feedback control of the autoimmune
... first i.n. peptide treatment by initial proliferation and expansion accompanied by a cytokine burst (Burkhart et al., 1999). Indeed, splenocytes from Tg4 Rag1/ mice, after successive i.n. MBP Ac1-9[4Y] treatments, showed a fourfold increase in their number at 2 h after the second treatment compare ...
... first i.n. peptide treatment by initial proliferation and expansion accompanied by a cytokine burst (Burkhart et al., 1999). Indeed, splenocytes from Tg4 Rag1/ mice, after successive i.n. MBP Ac1-9[4Y] treatments, showed a fourfold increase in their number at 2 h after the second treatment compare ...
Pericentriolar material structure and dynamics
... limitations in methodology, but also to the fact that the PCM does not behave like most ordered proteinacious assemblies. In the earliest electron micrographs depicting centrosomes in situ, the PCM appeared as a densely stained amorphous mass that surrounded the highly structured centrioles [1]. Ele ...
... limitations in methodology, but also to the fact that the PCM does not behave like most ordered proteinacious assemblies. In the earliest electron micrographs depicting centrosomes in situ, the PCM appeared as a densely stained amorphous mass that surrounded the highly structured centrioles [1]. Ele ...
Plasma membrane HATPase regulation is required for auxin
... (Supplementary Fig S2). Finally, concomitant apoplast acidification and basification on opposing sides enhanced the gradients observed in the acidification-only scenario (Fig 2A). Topological parameters strongly modulate gradient formation Cellular topology has the potential to contribute to the for ...
... (Supplementary Fig S2). Finally, concomitant apoplast acidification and basification on opposing sides enhanced the gradients observed in the acidification-only scenario (Fig 2A). Topological parameters strongly modulate gradient formation Cellular topology has the potential to contribute to the for ...
lecture43.pps
... The same mutations typically have major phenotypic consequences in an intact multicellular organism This implies that many of the major roles of cell surface/secreted glycans involve cellcell or extracellular interactions Nuclear/cytosolic glycans may play more cell-intrinsic roles e.g., in signa ...
... The same mutations typically have major phenotypic consequences in an intact multicellular organism This implies that many of the major roles of cell surface/secreted glycans involve cellcell or extracellular interactions Nuclear/cytosolic glycans may play more cell-intrinsic roles e.g., in signa ...
Effects of Ammonia and Lactate on Hybridoma Growth, Metabolism
... murine hybridoma cell line 163.4653during batch culture. The specific growth rate was reduced by one-half in the presence of an initial ammonia concentration of 4 mM. Increasing ammonia levels accelerated glucose and glutamine consumption, decreased ammonia yield from glutamine, and increased alanin ...
... murine hybridoma cell line 163.4653during batch culture. The specific growth rate was reduced by one-half in the presence of an initial ammonia concentration of 4 mM. Increasing ammonia levels accelerated glucose and glutamine consumption, decreased ammonia yield from glutamine, and increased alanin ...
Mypt1-mediated spatial positioning of Bmp2
... Bmp2a-expressing cells in the LPM fail to align in a V-shaped pocket sandwiching the liver primordium. Mispositioning Bmp2aproducing cells with respect to the liver primordium leads to a reduction in hepatoblast proliferation and final abortion of hepatoblasts by apoptosis, causing the liverless phe ...
... Bmp2a-expressing cells in the LPM fail to align in a V-shaped pocket sandwiching the liver primordium. Mispositioning Bmp2aproducing cells with respect to the liver primordium leads to a reduction in hepatoblast proliferation and final abortion of hepatoblasts by apoptosis, causing the liverless phe ...
Mitosis
Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle in which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus. In general, mitosis (division of the nucleus) is often followed by cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components. Mitosis and cytokinesis together define the mitotic (M) phase of an animal cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells, genetically identical to each other and to their parent cell.The process of mitosis is divided into stages corresponding to the completion of one set of activities and the start of the next. These stages are prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During mitosis, the chromosomes, which have already duplicated, condense and attach to fibers that pull one copy of each chromosome to opposite sides of the cell. The result is two genetically identical daughter nuclei. The cell may then divide by cytokinesis to produce two daughter cells. Producing three or more daughter cells instead of normal two is a mitotic error called tripolar mitosis or multipolar mitosis (direct cell triplication / multiplication). Other errors during mitosis can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) or cause mutations. Certain types of cancer can arise from such mutations.Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotic cells and the process varies in different organisms. For example, animals undergo an ""open"" mitosis, where the nuclear envelope breaks down before the chromosomes separate, while fungi undergo a ""closed"" mitosis, where chromosomes divide within an intact cell nucleus. Furthermore, most animal cells undergo a shape change, known as mitotic cell rounding, to adopt a near spherical morphology at the start of mitosis. Prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus, divide by a different process called binary fission.