“balance of nature” metaphor
... become more controversial. Cuddington (2001) argued that even though the BON idea has historical roots that are religious and cultural, this metaphor continues to play a role in modern ecology and in political movements such as environmentalism. She demonstrates that the BON metaphor is not a pre-th ...
... become more controversial. Cuddington (2001) argued that even though the BON idea has historical roots that are religious and cultural, this metaphor continues to play a role in modern ecology and in political movements such as environmentalism. She demonstrates that the BON metaphor is not a pre-th ...
New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science
... limited at low population levels. For example, predation can be expected to contribute a component Allee effect in any small invading population (Gascoigne & Lipcius, 2004). At high population densities, there is ‘safety in numbers’ whereby predators become satiated before all the insects in a popul ...
... limited at low population levels. For example, predation can be expected to contribute a component Allee effect in any small invading population (Gascoigne & Lipcius, 2004). At high population densities, there is ‘safety in numbers’ whereby predators become satiated before all the insects in a popul ...
theodorou
... 1999 – 2002: Species Conservation, Restoration and Population Monitoring Laboratory, Museum of Natural History, Paris, France. 2002 – today: Biodiversity Conservation Laboratory, Department of Environment, University of the Aegean, Mytilene, Greece. ...
... 1999 – 2002: Species Conservation, Restoration and Population Monitoring Laboratory, Museum of Natural History, Paris, France. 2002 – today: Biodiversity Conservation Laboratory, Department of Environment, University of the Aegean, Mytilene, Greece. ...
Full text in pdf format
... apparently not controlled by space limitations is described. The study site is located at depths between 375 and 450 m in the Hawaiian Archipelago, in the channel between the islands of Oahu and Molokai. This habitat is charactenzed by extremely strong bottom currents (0 to 3 knots) and dominated by ...
... apparently not controlled by space limitations is described. The study site is located at depths between 375 and 450 m in the Hawaiian Archipelago, in the channel between the islands of Oahu and Molokai. This habitat is charactenzed by extremely strong bottom currents (0 to 3 knots) and dominated by ...
Ecology of a sympatric pair of coregonid fish: Species interactions
... A major interest in evolutionary ecology is to understand the ecological forces behind evolution and coexistence of closely related sympatric species. Sympatric fish in postglacial lakes frequently display resource polymorphism and segregate available niches. In the dimictic Lake Stechlin (north Ger ...
... A major interest in evolutionary ecology is to understand the ecological forces behind evolution and coexistence of closely related sympatric species. Sympatric fish in postglacial lakes frequently display resource polymorphism and segregate available niches. In the dimictic Lake Stechlin (north Ger ...
Chapter 235 - El Niño and Biodiversity
... dispersal. Such migration and gene exchange often decreases geographic genetic structure. However, rarer and more extreme events may cause entirely new habitats to be colonized, especially by species with plankton. This could promote speciation by creating separated populations in novel selection re ...
... dispersal. Such migration and gene exchange often decreases geographic genetic structure. However, rarer and more extreme events may cause entirely new habitats to be colonized, especially by species with plankton. This could promote speciation by creating separated populations in novel selection re ...
the Question
... and amphibian species found on each island. Which of the following best explains the trend in the table? ...
... and amphibian species found on each island. Which of the following best explains the trend in the table? ...
Network ecology: topological constraints on ecosystem dynamics
... Definitions of ecology are highly variable from Haeckel (cited in (11)) to the modern textbook definitions (11). The common message is the emphasis on interactions between living individuals and their abiotic environment, between conspecific individuals, between populations, between different groups ...
... Definitions of ecology are highly variable from Haeckel (cited in (11)) to the modern textbook definitions (11). The common message is the emphasis on interactions between living individuals and their abiotic environment, between conspecific individuals, between populations, between different groups ...
2/8/11 For the Zoology major, you will take a series of... Zoology Majors (BA and BS)
... geared toward those involving animal biology that would be expected for the Zoology major. Why is the ALLOWED list more extensive? For example, why are all the 200-level Plant Biology courses on the list? A Zoology major may be interested in grazing animals and thus want to take a course in systemat ...
... geared toward those involving animal biology that would be expected for the Zoology major. Why is the ALLOWED list more extensive? For example, why are all the 200-level Plant Biology courses on the list? A Zoology major may be interested in grazing animals and thus want to take a course in systemat ...
Environmental Biology ~ Allan M. Jones ~ 2001
... The last few years have witnessed tremendous changes in the syllabi of environmentallyrelated courses at Advanced Level and in tertiary education. Moreover, there have been major alterations in the way degree and diploma courses are organised in colleges and universities. Syllabus changes reflect th ...
... The last few years have witnessed tremendous changes in the syllabi of environmentallyrelated courses at Advanced Level and in tertiary education. Moreover, there have been major alterations in the way degree and diploma courses are organised in colleges and universities. Syllabus changes reflect th ...
Nitrogen enrichment and plant communities
... and mycorrhizal symbiosis.33 In addition to biological N fixation through symbiosis, plants can also exert feedback control over N cycling although effects of litter chemistry on decomposition and soil microorganism communities34,35 (but see Ref. 36). This concept of multiple resource limitation is ...
... and mycorrhizal symbiosis.33 In addition to biological N fixation through symbiosis, plants can also exert feedback control over N cycling although effects of litter chemistry on decomposition and soil microorganism communities34,35 (but see Ref. 36). This concept of multiple resource limitation is ...
Population Ecology - Bakersfield College
... time and from place to place – Why does a population grow exponentially in some areas and remain stable in others – How do interactions between biotic and abiotic factors influence population characteristics – How do populations respond over generations to their interactions with the biotic and abio ...
... time and from place to place – Why does a population grow exponentially in some areas and remain stable in others – How do interactions between biotic and abiotic factors influence population characteristics – How do populations respond over generations to their interactions with the biotic and abio ...
Natural Selection PhET Simulation
... Lamarck’s idea that the environment altered an individual’s shape and then those changes were inherited was incorrect. Lamarck was a botanist who studied evolution in the 18th century before Darwin. He had opposing ideas that animals were able to choose their evolutionary fate. For example, Lamarck ...
... Lamarck’s idea that the environment altered an individual’s shape and then those changes were inherited was incorrect. Lamarck was a botanist who studied evolution in the 18th century before Darwin. He had opposing ideas that animals were able to choose their evolutionary fate. For example, Lamarck ...
Natural Selection Scripted - UTeach Outreach
... Lamarck’s idea that the environment altered an individual’s shape and then those changes were inherited was incorrect. Lamarck was a botanist who studied evolution in the 18th century before Darwin. He had opposing ideas that animals were able to choose their evolutionary fate. For example, Lamarck ...
... Lamarck’s idea that the environment altered an individual’s shape and then those changes were inherited was incorrect. Lamarck was a botanist who studied evolution in the 18th century before Darwin. He had opposing ideas that animals were able to choose their evolutionary fate. For example, Lamarck ...
Biotic interactions in Antarctic terrestrial ecosystems: Are they a factor?
... springtails of the genus Friesea are typically nematophagous, eudorylaimid nematodes are typically omnivorous). Nematode-trapping fungi have also been described from different locations in the Antarctic (Maslen, 1982). The wider fauna of Victoria Land includes examples of most such taxa. However, we ...
... springtails of the genus Friesea are typically nematophagous, eudorylaimid nematodes are typically omnivorous). Nematode-trapping fungi have also been described from different locations in the Antarctic (Maslen, 1982). The wider fauna of Victoria Land includes examples of most such taxa. However, we ...
Role and consequences of fish diversity in the functioning of African
... communities and ecosystems, as a consequence of landscape transformation and water management, makes it urgent to investigate the role of aquatic species in ecosystems. At present, there are few data with which to examine such questions, and even fewer for African freshwater systems. However, the re ...
... communities and ecosystems, as a consequence of landscape transformation and water management, makes it urgent to investigate the role of aquatic species in ecosystems. At present, there are few data with which to examine such questions, and even fewer for African freshwater systems. However, the re ...
beyond economics and ecology - Pudel Uni
... Stop trying to grow the economy and green up energy consumption! Try, instead, to figure out how best to live. Sajay Samuel’s new collection of essays by Ivan Illich inspires us all to hope for and work on radically discovering the kinds of lives that we have forgotten that we know how to live. Will ...
... Stop trying to grow the economy and green up energy consumption! Try, instead, to figure out how best to live. Sajay Samuel’s new collection of essays by Ivan Illich inspires us all to hope for and work on radically discovering the kinds of lives that we have forgotten that we know how to live. Will ...
Abrupt community change on a rocky shore – biological
... of benthic algae and mussels were visual; the Dethier et al. (1993) study suggests that such estimates may provide the best representation of relative cover. Many details of the Mukkaw Bay site have been published (Paine 1966, Paine et al. 1985). At Tatoosh, study began in 1978 of six original algal ...
... of benthic algae and mussels were visual; the Dethier et al. (1993) study suggests that such estimates may provide the best representation of relative cover. Many details of the Mukkaw Bay site have been published (Paine 1966, Paine et al. 1985). At Tatoosh, study began in 1978 of six original algal ...
- Wiley Online Library
... The factors affecting patterns of harvest selectivity in terrestrial ecosystems can be broadly organized into: (i) hunter preferences and (ii) opportunities to be selective via (a) management regulations (quotas; economic costs etc.), (b) hunting methods (stalking vs. drives etc.), (c) animal trait v ...
... The factors affecting patterns of harvest selectivity in terrestrial ecosystems can be broadly organized into: (i) hunter preferences and (ii) opportunities to be selective via (a) management regulations (quotas; economic costs etc.), (b) hunting methods (stalking vs. drives etc.), (c) animal trait v ...
Biojeopardy: Ecology
... territorial or compete for the same resources often. (example is birds’ nesting habits) ...
... territorial or compete for the same resources often. (example is birds’ nesting habits) ...
19Molles5e
... Includes major atmospheric pool - N2. Only nitrogen fixers can use atmospheric supply directly. Energy-demanding process. N2 reduced to ammonia (NH3). Once N is fixed it is available to organisms. Upon death of an organism, N can be released by fungi and bacteria during decomposition. ...
... Includes major atmospheric pool - N2. Only nitrogen fixers can use atmospheric supply directly. Energy-demanding process. N2 reduced to ammonia (NH3). Once N is fixed it is available to organisms. Upon death of an organism, N can be released by fungi and bacteria during decomposition. ...
Evolutionary diversification, coevolution between populations and
... their local habitats and partly to the distribution of populations over space within regions. Ecological niche modeling draws attention to the population niche as it is distributed across spatial environmental gradients, whereas phylogenetic community analysis emphasizes the evolutionary diversificat ...
... their local habitats and partly to the distribution of populations over space within regions. Ecological niche modeling draws attention to the population niche as it is distributed across spatial environmental gradients, whereas phylogenetic community analysis emphasizes the evolutionary diversificat ...
Ecology
Ecology (from Greek: οἶκος, ""house""; -λογία, ""study of"") is the scientific analysis and study of interactions among organisms and their environment. It is an interdisciplinary field that includes biology and Earth science. Ecology includes the study of interactions organisms have with each other, other organisms, and with abiotic components of their environment. Topics of interest to ecologists include the diversity, distribution, amount (biomass), and number (population) of particular organisms; as well as cooperation and competition between organisms, both within and among ecosystems. Ecosystems are composed of dynamically interacting parts including organisms, the communities they make up, and the non-living components of their environment. Ecosystem processes, such as primary production, pedogenesis, nutrient cycling, and various niche construction activities, regulate the flux of energy and matter through an environment. These processes are sustained by organisms with specific life history traits, and the variety of organisms is called biodiversity. Biodiversity, which refers to the varieties of species, genes, and ecosystems, enhances certain ecosystem services.Ecology is not synonymous with environment, environmentalism, natural history, or environmental science. It is closely related to evolutionary biology, genetics, and ethology. An important focus for ecologists is to improve the understanding of how biodiversity affects ecological function. Ecologists seek to explain: Life processes, interactions and adaptations The movement of materials and energy through living communities The successional development of ecosystems The abundance and distribution of organisms and biodiversity in the context of the environment.Ecology is a human science as well. There are many practical applications of ecology in conservation biology, wetland management, natural resource management (agroecology, agriculture, forestry, agroforestry, fisheries), city planning (urban ecology), community health, economics, basic and applied science, and human social interaction (human ecology). For example, the Circles of Sustainability approach treats ecology as more than the environment 'out there'. It is not treated as separate from humans. Organisms (including humans) and resources compose ecosystems which, in turn, maintain biophysical feedback mechanisms that moderate processes acting on living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) components of the planet. Ecosystems sustain life-supporting functions and produce natural capital like biomass production (food, fuel, fiber and medicine), the regulation of climate, global biogeochemical cycles, water filtration, soil formation, erosion control, flood protection and many other natural features of scientific, historical, economic, or intrinsic value.The word ""ecology"" (""Ökologie"") was coined in 1866 by the German scientist Ernst Haeckel (1834–1919). Ecological thought is derivative of established currents in philosophy, particularly from ethics and politics. Ancient Greek philosophers such as Hippocrates and Aristotle laid the foundations of ecology in their studies on natural history. Modern ecology became a much more rigorous science in the late 19th century. Evolutionary concepts relating to adaptation and natural selection became the cornerstones of modern ecological theory.