a haunting legacy from isoclines: mammal
... Many of OUf concepts about species coexistence are rooted finnly in the analysis of competitor isoclines whose slopes estimate the average magnitude of competition. Realistically, competition will vary among habitats, and habitat selection will be a major contributor to coexistence. Competition will ...
... Many of OUf concepts about species coexistence are rooted finnly in the analysis of competitor isoclines whose slopes estimate the average magnitude of competition. Realistically, competition will vary among habitats, and habitat selection will be a major contributor to coexistence. Competition will ...
Ecosystems and Population Change Ecosystems and Population
... (a) Ecosystems with greater biodiversity tend to be less fragile. (b) Natural ecosystems usually have greater biodiversity than artificial ecosystems. (c) A biome is geographical region with a particular climate, and the organisms that are adapted to that climate. (d) Introducing exotic species into ...
... (a) Ecosystems with greater biodiversity tend to be less fragile. (b) Natural ecosystems usually have greater biodiversity than artificial ecosystems. (c) A biome is geographical region with a particular climate, and the organisms that are adapted to that climate. (d) Introducing exotic species into ...
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... B) have no effect on the physiology of an organism. C) are biological conditions that impact an organism's survival. D) do not vary in the environment. Answer: A Type: MC Topic: Section 1.1 4) The mechanism that allowed the science of ecology to go beyond just descriptive natural history and instead ...
... B) have no effect on the physiology of an organism. C) are biological conditions that impact an organism's survival. D) do not vary in the environment. Answer: A Type: MC Topic: Section 1.1 4) The mechanism that allowed the science of ecology to go beyond just descriptive natural history and instead ...
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... Geese are known to use the magnetic field of the Earth in navigating their twice yearly migrations. This is an example of which characteristic of life? ...
... Geese are known to use the magnetic field of the Earth in navigating their twice yearly migrations. This is an example of which characteristic of life? ...
DNA - Perry Local Schools
... • A system is a combination of components that function together • Systems biology constructs models for the dynamic behavior of whole biological systems • The systems approach poses questions such as: – How does a drug for blood pressure affect other organs? – How does increasing CO2 alter the bios ...
... • A system is a combination of components that function together • Systems biology constructs models for the dynamic behavior of whole biological systems • The systems approach poses questions such as: – How does a drug for blood pressure affect other organs? – How does increasing CO2 alter the bios ...
Using Stream Leaf Packs to Explore Community Assembly
... that prevent the organisms of interest from being present at a given location? (e.g., dams). There may also be corridors between habitats that will facilitate movement. Abiotic resources and conditions - Can the organism survive and reproduce given these abiotic resources and conditions? Abiotic res ...
... that prevent the organisms of interest from being present at a given location? (e.g., dams). There may also be corridors between habitats that will facilitate movement. Abiotic resources and conditions - Can the organism survive and reproduce given these abiotic resources and conditions? Abiotic res ...
Ecosystems and Their Services - Millennium Ecosystem Assessment
... The Ecosystem Approach is a strategy for the integrated management of land, water and living resources that promotes conservation and sustainable use in an equitable way. Thus, the application of the ecosystem approach will help to reach a balance of the three objectives of the Convention: conservat ...
... The Ecosystem Approach is a strategy for the integrated management of land, water and living resources that promotes conservation and sustainable use in an equitable way. Thus, the application of the ecosystem approach will help to reach a balance of the three objectives of the Convention: conservat ...
Succession - cloudfront.net
... The pioneer species is soon replaced by other populations. Abiotic factors such as soil quality, water, and climate will determine the species that continue the process of succession. Mosses and grasses will be able to grow in the newly created soil. During early succession, plant species like grass ...
... The pioneer species is soon replaced by other populations. Abiotic factors such as soil quality, water, and climate will determine the species that continue the process of succession. Mosses and grasses will be able to grow in the newly created soil. During early succession, plant species like grass ...
HS Biology - Hillside Public Schools
... form of DNA molecules. Genes are regions in the DNA that contain the instructions that code for the formation of proteins, which carry out most of the work of cells. (HSLS1-1) (Note: This Disciplinary Core Idea is also addressed by HS-LS3- 1.) § Multicellular organisms have a hierarchical structural ...
... form of DNA molecules. Genes are regions in the DNA that contain the instructions that code for the formation of proteins, which carry out most of the work of cells. (HSLS1-1) (Note: This Disciplinary Core Idea is also addressed by HS-LS3- 1.) § Multicellular organisms have a hierarchical structural ...
Island biology and the consequences of interspecific
... and others were about the processes that might (or might not) structure communities and whether one could infer process (usually interspecific competition) by examining a pattern, usually the distribution of species among oceanic islands. Simberloff and his colleagues championed the null models appr ...
... and others were about the processes that might (or might not) structure communities and whether one could infer process (usually interspecific competition) by examining a pattern, usually the distribution of species among oceanic islands. Simberloff and his colleagues championed the null models appr ...
Chapter 11. - at Burgers` Zoo!
... fish-only systems and where there is a greater reliance upon nutrient cycling rather than the physical removal of accumulating pollutants either chemically or physically by performing water changes. It is, therefore, a necessity to create systems for coral exhibits where the provision of substrates ...
... fish-only systems and where there is a greater reliance upon nutrient cycling rather than the physical removal of accumulating pollutants either chemically or physically by performing water changes. It is, therefore, a necessity to create systems for coral exhibits where the provision of substrates ...
752-4740-1-SP - Oecologia Australis
... to different conclusions. For example, Ryti & Case (1988), in experiments with ants that carry seeds in the desert, showed that removal of the neighboring colonies did not influence the types and quantities of resources collected by Veromessor pergandei (Mayr, 1886) or colonies of Pogonomyrmex calif ...
... to different conclusions. For example, Ryti & Case (1988), in experiments with ants that carry seeds in the desert, showed that removal of the neighboring colonies did not influence the types and quantities of resources collected by Veromessor pergandei (Mayr, 1886) or colonies of Pogonomyrmex calif ...
Biotic and Abiotic factors
... 1. What are the factors that affect the distribution of an organism on the rocky shore? 2. How have the organisms become adapted to the rocky shore? 3. From your observations of the organisms on the rocky shore give specific examples of how the organisms observed have adapted to survive the rocky sh ...
... 1. What are the factors that affect the distribution of an organism on the rocky shore? 2. How have the organisms become adapted to the rocky shore? 3. From your observations of the organisms on the rocky shore give specific examples of how the organisms observed have adapted to survive the rocky sh ...
Facilitation in the conceptual melting pot
... us to think carefully about ideas that have developed concerning any ecological process. Several papers in the Special Feature take the opportunity to consider facilitation beyond the direct – or well-known indirect (e.g. grazer-mediated) – facilitative interactions in plant communities. The paper b ...
... us to think carefully about ideas that have developed concerning any ecological process. Several papers in the Special Feature take the opportunity to consider facilitation beyond the direct – or well-known indirect (e.g. grazer-mediated) – facilitative interactions in plant communities. The paper b ...
ATTENUATION OF TOP-DOWN AND BOTTOM-UP FORCES IN A COMPLEX TERRESTRIAL COMMUNITY D
... predator. However, many terrestrial food webs are reticulate, with heterogeneous weak interactions dampening cascading indirect effects among nonadjacent levels (Polis and Strong 1996, McCann et al. 1998, Neutel et al. 2002). Interactions among species pairs, perhaps clear and consistent in isolatio ...
... predator. However, many terrestrial food webs are reticulate, with heterogeneous weak interactions dampening cascading indirect effects among nonadjacent levels (Polis and Strong 1996, McCann et al. 1998, Neutel et al. 2002). Interactions among species pairs, perhaps clear and consistent in isolatio ...
CONSERVATION PLANNING IN THE GREATER ADDO NATIONAL
... reproductive output and other life history strategies. However, for most of the species considered here these data are not available and hence this is, again, a first approximation that can be modified as species and population specific information becomes available. 2000 individuals: This is a firs ...
... reproductive output and other life history strategies. However, for most of the species considered here these data are not available and hence this is, again, a first approximation that can be modified as species and population specific information becomes available. 2000 individuals: This is a firs ...
Food web assembly rules
... consumer-resource equations, we demonstrate fundamental constraints on node diversity in a food web, termed food web assembly rules. For consumer-resource relationships, the competitive exclusion principle states that when two consumers compete for the exact same resource within an environment, one ...
... consumer-resource equations, we demonstrate fundamental constraints on node diversity in a food web, termed food web assembly rules. For consumer-resource relationships, the competitive exclusion principle states that when two consumers compete for the exact same resource within an environment, one ...
Interactions between granivorous and omnivorous ants in a desert
... responses of two common omnivorous ants, Forelius cf pruinosus and Dorymyrmex insana, in a desert grassland were analysed. The food competition hypothesis predicts that granivore removal will have no net effect on omnivores. The spatial competition hypothesis predicts compensatory increases in omniv ...
... responses of two common omnivorous ants, Forelius cf pruinosus and Dorymyrmex insana, in a desert grassland were analysed. The food competition hypothesis predicts that granivore removal will have no net effect on omnivores. The spatial competition hypothesis predicts compensatory increases in omniv ...
... temperature increases on the populations, communities, and associated ecosystem services of assemblages of ground-foraging ants. Ants are a model taxon for studying effects of global climatic change because they comprise the dominant fraction of animal biomass in many terrestrial communities and bec ...
Preston et al. 2012 comm invasions
... Abstract. With many ecosystems now supporting multiple nonnative species from different trophic levels, it can be challenging to disentangle the net effects of invaders within a community context. Here, we combined wetland surveys with a mesocosm experiment to examine the individual and combined eff ...
... Abstract. With many ecosystems now supporting multiple nonnative species from different trophic levels, it can be challenging to disentangle the net effects of invaders within a community context. Here, we combined wetland surveys with a mesocosm experiment to examine the individual and combined eff ...
The Use of Extant Non-Indigenous Tortoises as a Restoration Tool
... species, the Government of Mauritius and a local nongovernmental organization, the Mauritian Wildlife Foundation, introduced small populations of unknown sex subadult Aldabran giant and adult male Madagascan radiated tortoises to Round Island in June 2007. Round Island’s native plant communities are ...
... species, the Government of Mauritius and a local nongovernmental organization, the Mauritian Wildlife Foundation, introduced small populations of unknown sex subadult Aldabran giant and adult male Madagascan radiated tortoises to Round Island in June 2007. Round Island’s native plant communities are ...
Inferring species interactions in ecological communities
... of multispecies communities. Theoretical work showed that important properties of the interaction matrix, such as the variance and the mean of the interaction terms, dictate the maximum number of species in a community, as well as its stability (Berlow 1999; Kokkoris et al. 2002). Specifically, recen ...
... of multispecies communities. Theoretical work showed that important properties of the interaction matrix, such as the variance and the mean of the interaction terms, dictate the maximum number of species in a community, as well as its stability (Berlow 1999; Kokkoris et al. 2002). Specifically, recen ...
2002 Benthic Ecology Meeting, Tallahassee, Florida
... Introductions of non-indigenous species have resulted in many ecological problems including the alteration of ecosystems, reduction of biodiversity, and decline of commercially important species. The question of how disturbance affects invasibility has been examined through theoretical and correlati ...
... Introductions of non-indigenous species have resulted in many ecological problems including the alteration of ecosystems, reduction of biodiversity, and decline of commercially important species. The question of how disturbance affects invasibility has been examined through theoretical and correlati ...
Towards novel approaches to modelling biotic interactions in
... (i.e. resources or conditions, Fig. 1d). All three approaches can be described by interaction matrices (either between species, or between species and interaction currencies; Fig. 1b–d). These interaction matrices quantify the effects of many species upon each other for each species pair, either as ...
... (i.e. resources or conditions, Fig. 1d). All three approaches can be described by interaction matrices (either between species, or between species and interaction currencies; Fig. 1b–d). These interaction matrices quantify the effects of many species upon each other for each species pair, either as ...
The inflationary effects of environmental fluctuations in
... integrity of populations and communities (3, 4). One consequence of the movement of individuals into habitats that are either intrinsically low in quality or have strong resident competitors or predators is the creation of population ‘‘sinks’’ (5, 6). In a sink habitat, in the absence of immigration ...
... integrity of populations and communities (3, 4). One consequence of the movement of individuals into habitats that are either intrinsically low in quality or have strong resident competitors or predators is the creation of population ‘‘sinks’’ (5, 6). In a sink habitat, in the absence of immigration ...
Ecology
Ecology (from Greek: οἶκος, ""house""; -λογία, ""study of"") is the scientific analysis and study of interactions among organisms and their environment. It is an interdisciplinary field that includes biology and Earth science. Ecology includes the study of interactions organisms have with each other, other organisms, and with abiotic components of their environment. Topics of interest to ecologists include the diversity, distribution, amount (biomass), and number (population) of particular organisms; as well as cooperation and competition between organisms, both within and among ecosystems. Ecosystems are composed of dynamically interacting parts including organisms, the communities they make up, and the non-living components of their environment. Ecosystem processes, such as primary production, pedogenesis, nutrient cycling, and various niche construction activities, regulate the flux of energy and matter through an environment. These processes are sustained by organisms with specific life history traits, and the variety of organisms is called biodiversity. Biodiversity, which refers to the varieties of species, genes, and ecosystems, enhances certain ecosystem services.Ecology is not synonymous with environment, environmentalism, natural history, or environmental science. It is closely related to evolutionary biology, genetics, and ethology. An important focus for ecologists is to improve the understanding of how biodiversity affects ecological function. Ecologists seek to explain: Life processes, interactions and adaptations The movement of materials and energy through living communities The successional development of ecosystems The abundance and distribution of organisms and biodiversity in the context of the environment.Ecology is a human science as well. There are many practical applications of ecology in conservation biology, wetland management, natural resource management (agroecology, agriculture, forestry, agroforestry, fisheries), city planning (urban ecology), community health, economics, basic and applied science, and human social interaction (human ecology). For example, the Circles of Sustainability approach treats ecology as more than the environment 'out there'. It is not treated as separate from humans. Organisms (including humans) and resources compose ecosystems which, in turn, maintain biophysical feedback mechanisms that moderate processes acting on living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) components of the planet. Ecosystems sustain life-supporting functions and produce natural capital like biomass production (food, fuel, fiber and medicine), the regulation of climate, global biogeochemical cycles, water filtration, soil formation, erosion control, flood protection and many other natural features of scientific, historical, economic, or intrinsic value.The word ""ecology"" (""Ökologie"") was coined in 1866 by the German scientist Ernst Haeckel (1834–1919). Ecological thought is derivative of established currents in philosophy, particularly from ethics and politics. Ancient Greek philosophers such as Hippocrates and Aristotle laid the foundations of ecology in their studies on natural history. Modern ecology became a much more rigorous science in the late 19th century. Evolutionary concepts relating to adaptation and natural selection became the cornerstones of modern ecological theory.