Lizards in an Evolutionary Tree: Ecology and Adaptive Radiation of
... The University of California Press’s series “Organisms and Environment” focuses on the diversity of organisms and the ways they interact with each other and with their environment. The present book is the tenth volume of this series, and describes in great details one of the most spectacular, and pr ...
... The University of California Press’s series “Organisms and Environment” focuses on the diversity of organisms and the ways they interact with each other and with their environment. The present book is the tenth volume of this series, and describes in great details one of the most spectacular, and pr ...
Chauvet
... Includes major atmospheric pool - N2. Only nitrogen fixers can use atmospheric supply directly. Energy-demanding process. N2 reduced to ammonia (NH3). Once N is fixed it is available to organisms. Upon death of an organism, N can be released by fungi and bacteria during decomposition. ...
... Includes major atmospheric pool - N2. Only nitrogen fixers can use atmospheric supply directly. Energy-demanding process. N2 reduced to ammonia (NH3). Once N is fixed it is available to organisms. Upon death of an organism, N can be released by fungi and bacteria during decomposition. ...
Classifying Threats to Biodiversity
... species listed as endangered or threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. Five broadscale threats were examined: habitat degradation or loss; alien species; pollution; overexploitation; and disease. Despite minor differences in the broadscale threats assessed, Wilcove et al. (1998) also dete ...
... species listed as endangered or threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. Five broadscale threats were examined: habitat degradation or loss; alien species; pollution; overexploitation; and disease. Despite minor differences in the broadscale threats assessed, Wilcove et al. (1998) also dete ...
AGE 301: PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY
... In this lesson, the characteristics and global distribution of three fundamental climatic elements, namely temperature, evaporation and precipitation will be discussed. In Physical Geography II, climate was defined as the average conditions of the atmosphere near the earth’s surface over a period of ...
... In this lesson, the characteristics and global distribution of three fundamental climatic elements, namely temperature, evaporation and precipitation will be discussed. In Physical Geography II, climate was defined as the average conditions of the atmosphere near the earth’s surface over a period of ...
Ecosystem Health of Large Lakes - Great Lakes Fishery Commission
... processes and species abundances within “historical” or normal range that allows the system to be sustainable over time. Ecosystem health for Callicott is not necessarily dependent on persistence of individual species or even maintaining biodiversity, nor does it require maintenance of some referen ...
... processes and species abundances within “historical” or normal range that allows the system to be sustainable over time. Ecosystem health for Callicott is not necessarily dependent on persistence of individual species or even maintaining biodiversity, nor does it require maintenance of some referen ...
An empiricist guide to animal personality variation in ecology and
... under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. ...
... under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. ...
Networking Agroecology: Integrating the Diversity of Agroecosystem
... landscapes, let alone how networks of interacting species might be restored (but see Pocock et al., 2012). Simply reversing some of the processes of intensification, by reducing inputs, increasing landscape diversity and increasing on-farm plant diversity, might not be enough. For example, in a gras ...
... landscapes, let alone how networks of interacting species might be restored (but see Pocock et al., 2012). Simply reversing some of the processes of intensification, by reducing inputs, increasing landscape diversity and increasing on-farm plant diversity, might not be enough. For example, in a gras ...
Food webs and trophic levels in a grassland ecosystem
... prompts to keep the discussion lively (answers have been provided). What is a habitat? A habitat is the place where an animal or plant makes its home. What plants and animals live in grasslands habitats? Students may talk about tussock grasses, wildflowers, shru ...
... prompts to keep the discussion lively (answers have been provided). What is a habitat? A habitat is the place where an animal or plant makes its home. What plants and animals live in grasslands habitats? Students may talk about tussock grasses, wildflowers, shru ...
Ecosystem engineers on plants: indirect facilitation of arthropod
... of resources and create new habitats for other species via non-trophic interactions. Leaf-rolling caterpillars can act as ecosystem engineers because they provide shelter to secondary users. In this study, we report the influence of leaf-rolling caterpillars on speciose tropical arthropod communities ...
... of resources and create new habitats for other species via non-trophic interactions. Leaf-rolling caterpillars can act as ecosystem engineers because they provide shelter to secondary users. In this study, we report the influence of leaf-rolling caterpillars on speciose tropical arthropod communities ...
Ecosystem Consequences of Biological Invasions
... range in scale from small, plot-scale studies of individual flux rates to landscape-scale transformations of extensive areas. Species that alter ecological conditions (biotic, abiotic, or both) over larger regions have been termed transformers (Richardson et al. 2000). However, species may change flux ...
... range in scale from small, plot-scale studies of individual flux rates to landscape-scale transformations of extensive areas. Species that alter ecological conditions (biotic, abiotic, or both) over larger regions have been termed transformers (Richardson et al. 2000). However, species may change flux ...
Aquatic Insects for Biomonitoring Freshwater Ecosystems: A Report
... Aquatic biodiversity is one of the most essential characteristics of aquatic ecosystem for maintaining its stability. Aquatic ecosystems are under increasing pressure from various kinds of disturbances. This situation threatens both aquatic living resources and human population. Biodiversity loss in ...
... Aquatic biodiversity is one of the most essential characteristics of aquatic ecosystem for maintaining its stability. Aquatic ecosystems are under increasing pressure from various kinds of disturbances. This situation threatens both aquatic living resources and human population. Biodiversity loss in ...
Eric`s CV - Institute on the Environment
... working group for the NSF-funded DataONE project, document recommended data management techniques for ecologists and other life scientists, including noting useful technological tools. Co-authored one of the original example Data Management Plans available on DataONE website. Citizen Science: Led 8 ...
... working group for the NSF-funded DataONE project, document recommended data management techniques for ecologists and other life scientists, including noting useful technological tools. Co-authored one of the original example Data Management Plans available on DataONE website. Citizen Science: Led 8 ...
Niche Evolution, Trophic Structure, and Species Turnover in Model
... speciation events, with concurrent mutations in trait values. Speciation occurs with probability 0.005 in each generation, with one extant species randomly selected as the parent. This constant, community-wide speciation rate is convenient because it supplies new variants at a constant rate regardle ...
... speciation events, with concurrent mutations in trait values. Speciation occurs with probability 0.005 in each generation, with one extant species randomly selected as the parent. This constant, community-wide speciation rate is convenient because it supplies new variants at a constant rate regardle ...
AP Mid-Term Exam Review
... links. You can also go through the pre and post tests here as well. 1. Know the difference between natural capital and solar capital and what each provides. What does it mean to live sustainably? 2. Know the difference between developing and developed countries in terms of growth, economic growth an ...
... links. You can also go through the pre and post tests here as well. 1. Know the difference between natural capital and solar capital and what each provides. What does it mean to live sustainably? 2. Know the difference between developing and developed countries in terms of growth, economic growth an ...
Population Viability Analysis Annual Review of Ecology and
... deterministic and stochastic processes in ecology is artificial because all ecological processes are stochastic. Maynard Smith (97) points out that "the use of deterministic rather than stochastic models can only be justified by mathematical convenience." For heuristic purposes, use of deterministic ...
... deterministic and stochastic processes in ecology is artificial because all ecological processes are stochastic. Maynard Smith (97) points out that "the use of deterministic rather than stochastic models can only be justified by mathematical convenience." For heuristic purposes, use of deterministic ...
spatial selection and inheritance: applying evolutionary concepts to
... and the spatial distribution of populations in heterogeneous space, and focuses empirical efforts on critical parameters estimable from field data. In addition, it highlights the generality of selection and inheritance as mechanisms of ecological as well as evolutionary change and provides opportunit ...
... and the spatial distribution of populations in heterogeneous space, and focuses empirical efforts on critical parameters estimable from field data. In addition, it highlights the generality of selection and inheritance as mechanisms of ecological as well as evolutionary change and provides opportunit ...
Community specificity: life and afterlife effects of genes
... to be fundamentally important, suggesting that specificity is a major driver of the biodiversity and stability of the world’s ecosystems. Genetic specificity by communities Specificity is often defined as the number of different host species with which a plant enemy or mutualist associates. Research ...
... to be fundamentally important, suggesting that specificity is a major driver of the biodiversity and stability of the world’s ecosystems. Genetic specificity by communities Specificity is often defined as the number of different host species with which a plant enemy or mutualist associates. Research ...
Cultural Niche Construction: An Introduction | SpringerLink
... This is not meant to imply that niche construction theory (NCT) always anticipates a perfect synergy between the features of an organism and the factors in its selective environment. It does not. In criticizing static adaptivelandscape concepts prevalent in evolutionary biology, the father of NCT, R ...
... This is not meant to imply that niche construction theory (NCT) always anticipates a perfect synergy between the features of an organism and the factors in its selective environment. It does not. In criticizing static adaptivelandscape concepts prevalent in evolutionary biology, the father of NCT, R ...
Patterns of trophic niche divergence between invasive and native
... in negative consequences for the competing species, or trophic niche divergence, which would facilitate the invader’s integration into the community and their coexistence with native species. 2. Here, the feeding interactions of a highly invasive fish, topmouth gudgeon Pseudorasbora parva, with thre ...
... in negative consequences for the competing species, or trophic niche divergence, which would facilitate the invader’s integration into the community and their coexistence with native species. 2. Here, the feeding interactions of a highly invasive fish, topmouth gudgeon Pseudorasbora parva, with thre ...
shading facilitates sessile invertebrate - Ron Etter
... potential (Peterson 2003). Many correlational studies have related species distributions and diversity to abiotic heterogeneity (reviewed in Hutchings et al. 2000), but experimental studies of the mechanisms driving these patterns are rare (but see, e.g., Crain et al. 2004, Baack et al. 2006). Under ...
... potential (Peterson 2003). Many correlational studies have related species distributions and diversity to abiotic heterogeneity (reviewed in Hutchings et al. 2000), but experimental studies of the mechanisms driving these patterns are rare (but see, e.g., Crain et al. 2004, Baack et al. 2006). Under ...
Cultural Niche Construction: An Introduction - synergy
... This is not meant to imply that niche construction theory (NCT) always anticipates a perfect synergy between the features of an organism and the factors in its selective environment. It does not. In criticizing static adaptivelandscape concepts prevalent in evolutionary biology, the father of NCT, R ...
... This is not meant to imply that niche construction theory (NCT) always anticipates a perfect synergy between the features of an organism and the factors in its selective environment. It does not. In criticizing static adaptivelandscape concepts prevalent in evolutionary biology, the father of NCT, R ...
a haunting legacy from isoclines: mammal
... Many of OUf concepts about species coexistence are rooted finnly in the analysis of competitor isoclines whose slopes estimate the average magnitude of competition. Realistically, competition will vary among habitats, and habitat selection will be a major contributor to coexistence. Competition will ...
... Many of OUf concepts about species coexistence are rooted finnly in the analysis of competitor isoclines whose slopes estimate the average magnitude of competition. Realistically, competition will vary among habitats, and habitat selection will be a major contributor to coexistence. Competition will ...
FREE Sample Here
... B) have no effect on the physiology of an organism. C) are biological conditions that impact an organism's survival. D) do not vary in the environment. Answer: A Type: MC Topic: Section 1.1 4) The mechanism that allowed the science of ecology to go beyond just descriptive natural history and instead ...
... B) have no effect on the physiology of an organism. C) are biological conditions that impact an organism's survival. D) do not vary in the environment. Answer: A Type: MC Topic: Section 1.1 4) The mechanism that allowed the science of ecology to go beyond just descriptive natural history and instead ...
Ecology
Ecology (from Greek: οἶκος, ""house""; -λογία, ""study of"") is the scientific analysis and study of interactions among organisms and their environment. It is an interdisciplinary field that includes biology and Earth science. Ecology includes the study of interactions organisms have with each other, other organisms, and with abiotic components of their environment. Topics of interest to ecologists include the diversity, distribution, amount (biomass), and number (population) of particular organisms; as well as cooperation and competition between organisms, both within and among ecosystems. Ecosystems are composed of dynamically interacting parts including organisms, the communities they make up, and the non-living components of their environment. Ecosystem processes, such as primary production, pedogenesis, nutrient cycling, and various niche construction activities, regulate the flux of energy and matter through an environment. These processes are sustained by organisms with specific life history traits, and the variety of organisms is called biodiversity. Biodiversity, which refers to the varieties of species, genes, and ecosystems, enhances certain ecosystem services.Ecology is not synonymous with environment, environmentalism, natural history, or environmental science. It is closely related to evolutionary biology, genetics, and ethology. An important focus for ecologists is to improve the understanding of how biodiversity affects ecological function. Ecologists seek to explain: Life processes, interactions and adaptations The movement of materials and energy through living communities The successional development of ecosystems The abundance and distribution of organisms and biodiversity in the context of the environment.Ecology is a human science as well. There are many practical applications of ecology in conservation biology, wetland management, natural resource management (agroecology, agriculture, forestry, agroforestry, fisheries), city planning (urban ecology), community health, economics, basic and applied science, and human social interaction (human ecology). For example, the Circles of Sustainability approach treats ecology as more than the environment 'out there'. It is not treated as separate from humans. Organisms (including humans) and resources compose ecosystems which, in turn, maintain biophysical feedback mechanisms that moderate processes acting on living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) components of the planet. Ecosystems sustain life-supporting functions and produce natural capital like biomass production (food, fuel, fiber and medicine), the regulation of climate, global biogeochemical cycles, water filtration, soil formation, erosion control, flood protection and many other natural features of scientific, historical, economic, or intrinsic value.The word ""ecology"" (""Ökologie"") was coined in 1866 by the German scientist Ernst Haeckel (1834–1919). Ecological thought is derivative of established currents in philosophy, particularly from ethics and politics. Ancient Greek philosophers such as Hippocrates and Aristotle laid the foundations of ecology in their studies on natural history. Modern ecology became a much more rigorous science in the late 19th century. Evolutionary concepts relating to adaptation and natural selection became the cornerstones of modern ecological theory.