INFUSION OF NERVE GROWTH FACTOR (NGF) INTO KITTEN
... Following a survival time of 10^12 days to allow transneuronal transport of the tritiated label to geniculocortical terminals, animals were prepared for single-unit electrophysiology (described below). Following the end of the recording session, animals were perfused with 2% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M ...
... Following a survival time of 10^12 days to allow transneuronal transport of the tritiated label to geniculocortical terminals, animals were prepared for single-unit electrophysiology (described below). Following the end of the recording session, animals were perfused with 2% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M ...
Axonal Localization of Integrins in the CNS Is Neuronal Type and
... Clearly, integrins can only stimulate axon regeneration if they are present in the axon at the site of damage. In the current study, we have asked whether integrins are transported into sensory axons including DRG and retinal ganglia neurons (RGCs), and into several types of adult neurons including ...
... Clearly, integrins can only stimulate axon regeneration if they are present in the axon at the site of damage. In the current study, we have asked whether integrins are transported into sensory axons including DRG and retinal ganglia neurons (RGCs), and into several types of adult neurons including ...
A computational model of action selection in the basal ganglia. I. A
... central nervous system. The overall activity level of the neural representation of a given action may determine its salience or propensity to be selected for execution, as proposed by Koechlin and Burnod (1996). Rather than dealing directly with the neural codes for each action, we propose that the ...
... central nervous system. The overall activity level of the neural representation of a given action may determine its salience or propensity to be selected for execution, as proposed by Koechlin and Burnod (1996). Rather than dealing directly with the neural codes for each action, we propose that the ...
Effect of Lesions of the Ventrolateral Preoptic Nucleus on NREM and
... The V L PO cluster is recognizable in normal brains as a dense cellular aggregation whose neurons are slightly larger and more darkly stained than those in the adjacent preoptic region but smaller and less darkly stained than those in supraoptic neurons. However, in lesioned animals these distinctio ...
... The V L PO cluster is recognizable in normal brains as a dense cellular aggregation whose neurons are slightly larger and more darkly stained than those in the adjacent preoptic region but smaller and less darkly stained than those in supraoptic neurons. However, in lesioned animals these distinctio ...
NEOCORTEX
... The third type of cortex has varying populations of granule cells and is called eulaminate, or homotypical, cortex. It includes much of "association cortex," which is a convenient description for cortex whose function has yet to be discovered (Fig. 12.2). \Vithin each of these areas are many subdivi ...
... The third type of cortex has varying populations of granule cells and is called eulaminate, or homotypical, cortex. It includes much of "association cortex," which is a convenient description for cortex whose function has yet to be discovered (Fig. 12.2). \Vithin each of these areas are many subdivi ...
Empathic choice involves vmPFC value signals that are modulated
... make for their children, as well as the decisions of a politician trying to make good choices on behalf of his constituency. We investigated the neurobiological and computational basis of empathic choice using a human fMRI task in which subjects purchased DVDs for themselves with their own money, or ...
... make for their children, as well as the decisions of a politician trying to make good choices on behalf of his constituency. We investigated the neurobiological and computational basis of empathic choice using a human fMRI task in which subjects purchased DVDs for themselves with their own money, or ...
- Wiley Online Library
... into individual facial muscles. The facial motor nucleus was formed by multipolar motoneurons and had an ovoid shape, with its rostrocaudal axis measuring on average 1875 µm. We divided the nucleus into four different subnuclei: medial, intermediate, dorsal and lateral. Retrograde labelling patterns ...
... into individual facial muscles. The facial motor nucleus was formed by multipolar motoneurons and had an ovoid shape, with its rostrocaudal axis measuring on average 1875 µm. We divided the nucleus into four different subnuclei: medial, intermediate, dorsal and lateral. Retrograde labelling patterns ...
View/Open - DukeSpace
... who carefully mapped the supplementary motor area in many animals and showed that it had a regular topography that included rostral eye representation. Brinkman and Porter qualitatively explored this zone in 1979. Unlike all of the prior studies, Schlag and Schlag-Rey explored the region in a highly ...
... who carefully mapped the supplementary motor area in many animals and showed that it had a regular topography that included rostral eye representation. Brinkman and Porter qualitatively explored this zone in 1979. Unlike all of the prior studies, Schlag and Schlag-Rey explored the region in a highly ...
Gao JCN 2000 - Georgia State University
... close of the critical period for ocular dominance plasticity (Chapman et al., 1996; Ruthazer et al., 1999). One aim of this study was to characterize further the neurons involved in the late peak of GABA-ir neurons. We have hypothesized that GABA plays a special role late in cortical development as ...
... close of the critical period for ocular dominance plasticity (Chapman et al., 1996; Ruthazer et al., 1999). One aim of this study was to characterize further the neurons involved in the late peak of GABA-ir neurons. We have hypothesized that GABA plays a special role late in cortical development as ...
Subicular and CA1 hippocampal projections to the accessory
... yielded retrograde-labeled cells in the ventral CA1 (de Olmos et al., 1978), although authors were unsure of this projection due to the large sizes of their injections. The reason could be methodological and/or due to species differences. Sensitive retrograde tracers such as FG gave rise to retrogra ...
... yielded retrograde-labeled cells in the ventral CA1 (de Olmos et al., 1978), although authors were unsure of this projection due to the large sizes of their injections. The reason could be methodological and/or due to species differences. Sensitive retrograde tracers such as FG gave rise to retrogra ...
The encoding and decoding of com-
... (TPC). In this thesis, we first investigate an issue that has persisted TPC since its introduction: to extend the concept to a biologically compatible readout stage. We propose a novel neural readout circuit based on wavelet transform that decodes the TPC over different frequency bands. We show that ...
... (TPC). In this thesis, we first investigate an issue that has persisted TPC since its introduction: to extend the concept to a biologically compatible readout stage. We propose a novel neural readout circuit based on wavelet transform that decodes the TPC over different frequency bands. We show that ...
ARTICLE Hierarchy of orofacial rhythms revealed through whisking and breathing
... airway valve muscles13. The drive for rhythmic whisking remains to be identified. However, whisking persists after decortication7,14 and sensory deafferentation7,15,16, which suggests that it too involves a rhythmic generator in the brainstem. Furthermore, the facial motor neurons that drive the mus ...
... airway valve muscles13. The drive for rhythmic whisking remains to be identified. However, whisking persists after decortication7,14 and sensory deafferentation7,15,16, which suggests that it too involves a rhythmic generator in the brainstem. Furthermore, the facial motor neurons that drive the mus ...
Cortical areas are linked through pathways which originate and
... Structural analysis as defined in this study classifies areas into a few cortical types, determined by the number of identifiable layers in each area and by how distinct the layers are from each other. By contrast, cytoarchitectonic analysis is a more detailed process, which identifies cortical type ...
... Structural analysis as defined in this study classifies areas into a few cortical types, determined by the number of identifiable layers in each area and by how distinct the layers are from each other. By contrast, cytoarchitectonic analysis is a more detailed process, which identifies cortical type ...
Principles of Neural Science - Weizmann Institute of Science
... information from the different sensory systems. These sensory representations are the framework in which the motor systems plan, coordinate, and execute the motor programs responsible for purposeful movement. In this part of the book we shall learn how the motor systems of the brain and spinal cord ...
... information from the different sensory systems. These sensory representations are the framework in which the motor systems plan, coordinate, and execute the motor programs responsible for purposeful movement. In this part of the book we shall learn how the motor systems of the brain and spinal cord ...
full-text PDF - Duke People
... overall feedback functions, the local experienced contingency for these schedules may differ, as they generate very different behavioral patterns. In fixed interval (FI) schedules, the animal can learn to time the interval, and press more quickly towards the end of the interval, resulting in a well- ...
... overall feedback functions, the local experienced contingency for these schedules may differ, as they generate very different behavioral patterns. In fixed interval (FI) schedules, the animal can learn to time the interval, and press more quickly towards the end of the interval, resulting in a well- ...
The Olfactory System - Tim J. van Hartevelt
... Thirdly, olfactory receptor neurons exhibit significant turnover throughout life. Olfactory neurons have a short life span averaging approximately 30–60 days. They are constantly replaced by mitotic division of the basal stem cell population in the olfactory epithelium. The olfactory receptors are t ...
... Thirdly, olfactory receptor neurons exhibit significant turnover throughout life. Olfactory neurons have a short life span averaging approximately 30–60 days. They are constantly replaced by mitotic division of the basal stem cell population in the olfactory epithelium. The olfactory receptors are t ...
Virtual dissection and comparative connectivity of the superior
... with an evolutionarily ancient fronto-parietal network for objectdirected grasping (Rizzolatti and Fadiga, 1998) but human tool-use networks are undoubtedly more complex than macaque object-grasping networks. It has been proposed that use of “complex” tools (those that alter the functional propertie ...
... with an evolutionarily ancient fronto-parietal network for objectdirected grasping (Rizzolatti and Fadiga, 1998) but human tool-use networks are undoubtedly more complex than macaque object-grasping networks. It has been proposed that use of “complex” tools (those that alter the functional propertie ...
Corticomuscular Contributions to the Control of Rhythmic Movement
... The inherent simplicity of human locomotion is deceiving in nature and its complexity becomes apparent when we observe children as they learn to walk or patients suffering from neuromuscular disorders. Human movement requires inputs from supraspinal and spinal centers as well as sensory afferent fee ...
... The inherent simplicity of human locomotion is deceiving in nature and its complexity becomes apparent when we observe children as they learn to walk or patients suffering from neuromuscular disorders. Human movement requires inputs from supraspinal and spinal centers as well as sensory afferent fee ...
A role for subplate neurons in the patterning of
... Subplate neurons can be deleted by injections of kainic acid into the subplate at E43. The vast majority of later-generated neurons of the cortical plate remain intact (Chun and Shatz, 1988b), presumably because at these early ages they are sufficiently immature to be insensitive to kainate neurotox ...
... Subplate neurons can be deleted by injections of kainic acid into the subplate at E43. The vast majority of later-generated neurons of the cortical plate remain intact (Chun and Shatz, 1988b), presumably because at these early ages they are sufficiently immature to be insensitive to kainate neurotox ...
olfaction
... The cribriform plate has multiple small perforations through which an equal number of small nerves pass upward from the olfactory membrane in the nasal cavity to enter the olfactory bulb in the cranial cavity ...
... The cribriform plate has multiple small perforations through which an equal number of small nerves pass upward from the olfactory membrane in the nasal cavity to enter the olfactory bulb in the cranial cavity ...
Response Properties of Neighboring Neurons in the
... anatomical arrangement such as the layered structure of the neocortex, the complex circuitry of the cerebellum, or the laminar structure of the cochlear nucleus (Kandel et al., 2000), the ability to investigate whether responses are grouped in any functional arrangement spatially offers the opportun ...
... anatomical arrangement such as the layered structure of the neocortex, the complex circuitry of the cerebellum, or the laminar structure of the cochlear nucleus (Kandel et al., 2000), the ability to investigate whether responses are grouped in any functional arrangement spatially offers the opportun ...
Topographic Maps in Human Frontal Cortex Revealed in Memory
... subsequent target locations were marked counterclockwise through 12 or 8 equally spaced positions. In the 12 locations version of the task (Sereno et al. 2001), the peripheral locations were arranged clockwise, whereas in the 8 locations version of the task, the 1 and 2 o’clock, 3 and 4 o’clock, 7 a ...
... subsequent target locations were marked counterclockwise through 12 or 8 equally spaced positions. In the 12 locations version of the task (Sereno et al. 2001), the peripheral locations were arranged clockwise, whereas in the 8 locations version of the task, the 1 and 2 o’clock, 3 and 4 o’clock, 7 a ...
[ H]GABA and - The University of Sydney
... glial cultures (Balcar et al., 1979; Larsson et al., ...
... glial cultures (Balcar et al., 1979; Larsson et al., ...
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... challenge. Moreover, cognition involves a large network of brain structures; therefore, it is critical to elucidate neuronal interactions between different brain regions, increasingly with the help of multielectrode recordings and imaging techniques. Coherent oscillations, more generally neuronal sy ...
... challenge. Moreover, cognition involves a large network of brain structures; therefore, it is critical to elucidate neuronal interactions between different brain regions, increasingly with the help of multielectrode recordings and imaging techniques. Coherent oscillations, more generally neuronal sy ...
Coincidence Detection or Temporal Integration?
... of coordination with the other two neurons during one or more of the three stimuli (airjet 1 or airjet 2 or combined airjet stimulation), but not necessarily in response to the same stimulus. After applying these criteria to our sample of 360 neuronal trios, we identified 26 trios that showed signif ...
... of coordination with the other two neurons during one or more of the three stimuli (airjet 1 or airjet 2 or combined airjet stimulation), but not necessarily in response to the same stimulus. After applying these criteria to our sample of 360 neuronal trios, we identified 26 trios that showed signif ...