Selective attention through selective neuronal synchronization
... Selective synchronization and selective attentional processing 1c). Consistent with this hypothesis, the interaction pattern of one neuronal group (A) with two other groups (B and C) can be predicted by their pattern of precise synchronization (Figure 1c). This has recently been demonstrated for in ...
... Selective synchronization and selective attentional processing 1c). Consistent with this hypothesis, the interaction pattern of one neuronal group (A) with two other groups (B and C) can be predicted by their pattern of precise synchronization (Figure 1c). This has recently been demonstrated for in ...
mechanisms and biological role of thalamocortical oscillations
... action potentials followed by increase in their discharge frequency (Fig. 2, left). The enhancement of depolarization in TC neurons over the stimulus duration is probably generated by persistent Na+ current, INaP (Jahnsen and Llinás 1984b; Parri and Crunelli 1998). This firing mode of TC neurons is ...
... action potentials followed by increase in their discharge frequency (Fig. 2, left). The enhancement of depolarization in TC neurons over the stimulus duration is probably generated by persistent Na+ current, INaP (Jahnsen and Llinás 1984b; Parri and Crunelli 1998). This firing mode of TC neurons is ...
C:\Vision\15Higher level Pt 2.wpd
... Since all of the material taken together leads to a substantially different understanding of the cortical portion of the visual system, Figure 15.5.2-1 is offered as an aid to its understanding. While the figure is complex, it is also informative. The recent work related to the thalamic reticular nu ...
... Since all of the material taken together leads to a substantially different understanding of the cortical portion of the visual system, Figure 15.5.2-1 is offered as an aid to its understanding. While the figure is complex, it is also informative. The recent work related to the thalamic reticular nu ...
What clinical disorders tell us about the neural
... inclusive, attempting to describe features common among a group of patients with similar symptoms, whereas scientific studies tend to be exclusive, focusing on one or a few differences between experimental and control subjects. Finally, basic scientists often study saccades in several species (e.g. ...
... inclusive, attempting to describe features common among a group of patients with similar symptoms, whereas scientific studies tend to be exclusive, focusing on one or a few differences between experimental and control subjects. Finally, basic scientists often study saccades in several species (e.g. ...
Cerebral cortical hypoplasia with abnormal morphology of pyramidal
... section was determined by averaging five random polygons (area of POLYGON =150 μm2) of the unstained neuropil. The OD within a rectangular frame at a width of 200 µm and a length covering the entire depth of the cortex was measured in each cortical area as the SMI-32 immunostaining intensity using I ...
... section was determined by averaging five random polygons (area of POLYGON =150 μm2) of the unstained neuropil. The OD within a rectangular frame at a width of 200 µm and a length covering the entire depth of the cortex was measured in each cortical area as the SMI-32 immunostaining intensity using I ...
PDF - Bentham Open
... that anxiety disorders may be linked to insufficient regulatory control from the PFC. Further, PFC dysregulation is associated with increased amygdala reactivity [26-31] and an exaggerated emotional response to threats [11, 32, 33]. For example, prior work has shown that participants with low trait ...
... that anxiety disorders may be linked to insufficient regulatory control from the PFC. Further, PFC dysregulation is associated with increased amygdala reactivity [26-31] and an exaggerated emotional response to threats [11, 32, 33]. For example, prior work has shown that participants with low trait ...
Document
... its axis and its yearly trajectory around the sun. The day-night rhythms in the amount of light, temperature, humidity and many other parameters require constant adaptation of the organism in order to survive. A plant that is dependent on sunlight as the energy source for photosynthesis should store ...
... its axis and its yearly trajectory around the sun. The day-night rhythms in the amount of light, temperature, humidity and many other parameters require constant adaptation of the organism in order to survive. A plant that is dependent on sunlight as the energy source for photosynthesis should store ...
The Reorganization of Primary Auditory Cortex by Invasion of
... volume of LGN and the lateral posterior nuclei of the thalamus (Restrepo et al. 2002). In contrast to the effects of loss of sensory input, sensory experience can increase the volume of related brain regions. Hippocampus is associated with spatial navigation. A study using Magnetic Resonance Imagin ...
... volume of LGN and the lateral posterior nuclei of the thalamus (Restrepo et al. 2002). In contrast to the effects of loss of sensory input, sensory experience can increase the volume of related brain regions. Hippocampus is associated with spatial navigation. A study using Magnetic Resonance Imagin ...
Nicotine injections into the ventral tegmental area increase
... stimulatory effect of locally applied nicotine was completely blocked by pretreatment with mecamylamine (1.0 mg/kg, s.c.). Repeated intra-tegmental iniections of a subthreshold dose of nicotine (2.0 btg/side every 2 days), gradually increased locomotion, compared to the effect of acute intra-tegment ...
... stimulatory effect of locally applied nicotine was completely blocked by pretreatment with mecamylamine (1.0 mg/kg, s.c.). Repeated intra-tegmental iniections of a subthreshold dose of nicotine (2.0 btg/side every 2 days), gradually increased locomotion, compared to the effect of acute intra-tegment ...
Retinotopic Organization and Functional Subdivisions of the Human
... below. In all of the visual displays, a central fixation point was present, and subjects were instructed to maintain fixation for the duration of each scanning run while passively viewing the stimuli. Rotating hemifield and expanding ring stimuli (see Fig. 1 A, B) were used to determine the polar an ...
... below. In all of the visual displays, a central fixation point was present, and subjects were instructed to maintain fixation for the duration of each scanning run while passively viewing the stimuli. Rotating hemifield and expanding ring stimuli (see Fig. 1 A, B) were used to determine the polar an ...
Topographic Organization of Connections Between the Hypothalamus and
... Prefrontal cortices have been implicated in autonomic function, but their role in this activity is not well understood. Orbital and medial prefrontal cortices receive input from cortical and subcortical structures associated with emotions. Thus, the prefrontal cortex may be an essential link for aut ...
... Prefrontal cortices have been implicated in autonomic function, but their role in this activity is not well understood. Orbital and medial prefrontal cortices receive input from cortical and subcortical structures associated with emotions. Thus, the prefrontal cortex may be an essential link for aut ...
Diversity of laminar connections linking periarcuate and
... probes to visualize the distribution of CB or PV in lateral intraparietal areas along with fluorescent tracers (FE). Matched series of sections were incubated in primary antibody for either CB or PV (as described above). The tissue was then placed overnight in goat antimouse IgG conjugated with the fl ...
... probes to visualize the distribution of CB or PV in lateral intraparietal areas along with fluorescent tracers (FE). Matched series of sections were incubated in primary antibody for either CB or PV (as described above). The tissue was then placed overnight in goat antimouse IgG conjugated with the fl ...
glial versus neuronal uptake of glutamate
... (Harvey et al. 1975; Collins, 1979). Lesions of the entorhinal input to the dentate gyrus result in a decrease of glutamate uptake and of Ca*+-dependent, K+-induced release (Nadler et al. 1976). Glutamate uptake, and its loss after lesions of excitatory inputs to the hippocampus were shown in autora ...
... (Harvey et al. 1975; Collins, 1979). Lesions of the entorhinal input to the dentate gyrus result in a decrease of glutamate uptake and of Ca*+-dependent, K+-induced release (Nadler et al. 1976). Glutamate uptake, and its loss after lesions of excitatory inputs to the hippocampus were shown in autora ...
Subregions of the human superior frontal gyrus and their connections
... (rsFC) can reveal functional correlation between every two regions by evaluating the temporal coherence of the low frequency blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signals. The combination of these methods will simultaneously show both the anatomical and functional connection patterns of a brain area, ...
... (rsFC) can reveal functional correlation between every two regions by evaluating the temporal coherence of the low frequency blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signals. The combination of these methods will simultaneously show both the anatomical and functional connection patterns of a brain area, ...
View PDF - MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit
... interneurons are prime candidates for mediating the effects of excitatory inputs to striatum and have been studied extensively in relation to reinforcement learning through their putative identification as “tonically active neurons” (TANs) in behaving animals. TANs are particularly sensitive to moti ...
... interneurons are prime candidates for mediating the effects of excitatory inputs to striatum and have been studied extensively in relation to reinforcement learning through their putative identification as “tonically active neurons” (TANs) in behaving animals. TANs are particularly sensitive to moti ...
Effects of Brain Damage (cont`d.)
... The Forebrain • The forebrain is the most anterior and prominent part of the mammalian brain and consists of two cerebral hemispheres – Consists of the outer cortex and subcortical regions – Outer portion is known as the “cerebral cortex” – Each side receives sensory information and controls motor ...
... The Forebrain • The forebrain is the most anterior and prominent part of the mammalian brain and consists of two cerebral hemispheres – Consists of the outer cortex and subcortical regions – Outer portion is known as the “cerebral cortex” – Each side receives sensory information and controls motor ...
Synaptic plasticity: taming the beast
... but also acquires stability problems. To avoid excessively high or low firing rates, the total amount of excitatory drive to a neuron or within a network must be tightly regulated, which is difficult to do if synapses are modified independently. What is needed is a mechanism that maintains an approp ...
... but also acquires stability problems. To avoid excessively high or low firing rates, the total amount of excitatory drive to a neuron or within a network must be tightly regulated, which is difficult to do if synapses are modified independently. What is needed is a mechanism that maintains an approp ...
The dorsal raphe nucleus—From silver stainings to a role in
... periaqueductal gray matter of the midbrain. A majority of the nucleus' neurons utilize its major neurotransmitter, serotonin, but several other transmitters are also present. It comes as no surprise that the first detailed outline of what was later to be called DRN was presented by Santiago Ramón y ...
... periaqueductal gray matter of the midbrain. A majority of the nucleus' neurons utilize its major neurotransmitter, serotonin, but several other transmitters are also present. It comes as no surprise that the first detailed outline of what was later to be called DRN was presented by Santiago Ramón y ...
Sequence of information processing for emotions based on the
... connections can be used to infer the flow of information by analogy with sensory cortices. Feedforward projections originate from neurons in layers 2–3 of earlier-processing sensory areas, and innervate the middle layers of later-processing sensory areas (reviewed in Felleman and Van Essen, 1991). F ...
... connections can be used to infer the flow of information by analogy with sensory cortices. Feedforward projections originate from neurons in layers 2–3 of earlier-processing sensory areas, and innervate the middle layers of later-processing sensory areas (reviewed in Felleman and Van Essen, 1991). F ...
Anatomy of Neuropsychiatry : The New Anatomy of the
... provide a brief description of the origin and evolution of the concept of the limbic system and some deficiencies attributed to it as a basis for understanding behavior and human neuropsychiatric disorders. Chapter 3 describes the “new” anatomy—an alternative way to conceptualize brain systems subsu ...
... provide a brief description of the origin and evolution of the concept of the limbic system and some deficiencies attributed to it as a basis for understanding behavior and human neuropsychiatric disorders. Chapter 3 describes the “new” anatomy—an alternative way to conceptualize brain systems subsu ...
Cadherin Expression by Embryonic Divisions and
... cadherin-7, R-cadherin, and N-cadherin), which were analyzed previously in the diencephalon of the chicken (Redies et al., 2000). The analysis was carried out at an intermediate stage of telencephalic development when most gray matter structures have already been formed and assume their final topolo ...
... cadherin-7, R-cadherin, and N-cadherin), which were analyzed previously in the diencephalon of the chicken (Redies et al., 2000). The analysis was carried out at an intermediate stage of telencephalic development when most gray matter structures have already been formed and assume their final topolo ...
Number, Density, and Surface/Cytoplasmic
... that express a GAT1–green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion in place of the wild-type (WT) GAT1 gene. We calibrated the fluorescence measurements by exploiting previously described transparent beads that themselves have known GFP densities (Chiu et al., 2001) and by extending the calibrations with ge ...
... that express a GAT1–green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion in place of the wild-type (WT) GAT1 gene. We calibrated the fluorescence measurements by exploiting previously described transparent beads that themselves have known GFP densities (Chiu et al., 2001) and by extending the calibrations with ge ...
... Distinct patterns of serum immunoreactivity as evidence for multiple brain-directed autoantibodies in juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) have been reported in sera from the Cln3–/– mouse model of juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (JNCL ...
Novelty exploration training tasks - Repositório da Universidade de
... function were monitored and metabolic plus behavioral parameters evaluated before and after microinjection in each area of genetic information encoding hKir2.1 channels through a lentivirus. ...
... function were monitored and metabolic plus behavioral parameters evaluated before and after microinjection in each area of genetic information encoding hKir2.1 channels through a lentivirus. ...
Intrinsic Connections of Macaque of Cells Outside Lamina 4c` Striate
... since these cells do not fill from injections that are confined to lamina 4Cp (see Fig. 11 of Fitzpatrick et al., 1985). Retrograde transport from microinjections in lamina 6 to a few widely scattered neurons in laminae 2/3A and 4A (see Fig. 20) provides additional support for the sparse projection ...
... since these cells do not fill from injections that are confined to lamina 4Cp (see Fig. 11 of Fitzpatrick et al., 1985). Retrograde transport from microinjections in lamina 6 to a few widely scattered neurons in laminae 2/3A and 4A (see Fig. 20) provides additional support for the sparse projection ...