Supplementary Motor Area and Presupplementary Motor Area
... We used retrograde transneuronal transport of neurotropic viruses in Cebus monkeys to examine the organization of basal ganglia and cerebellar projections to two cortical areas on the medial wall of the hemisphere, the supplementary motor area (SMA) and the pre-SMA. We found that both of these corti ...
... We used retrograde transneuronal transport of neurotropic viruses in Cebus monkeys to examine the organization of basal ganglia and cerebellar projections to two cortical areas on the medial wall of the hemisphere, the supplementary motor area (SMA) and the pre-SMA. We found that both of these corti ...
Dopamine Neurons Mediate a Fast Excitatory Signal
... in Fig. 1 B), DA release decreased from ⬃1 M at site 4 to 30 nM at site 1, which was 2.5 ⫾ 0.3% of the release in the nAcc (at site 4); sites 3 and 2 were intermediate at 26 ⫾ 3 and 9.5 ⫾ 2.5%, respectively (Fig. 1 F). Bath application of the DAT inhibitor nomifensine (10 M, 10 min) dramatically i ...
... in Fig. 1 B), DA release decreased from ⬃1 M at site 4 to 30 nM at site 1, which was 2.5 ⫾ 0.3% of the release in the nAcc (at site 4); sites 3 and 2 were intermediate at 26 ⫾ 3 and 9.5 ⫾ 2.5%, respectively (Fig. 1 F). Bath application of the DAT inhibitor nomifensine (10 M, 10 min) dramatically i ...
What can mice tell us about how vision works?
... Mammalian RGCs project to more than 20 subcortical targets [40], including the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) of the thalamus, which sends information to the cortex, and several other regions that mediate behaviors ranging from reflexive eye movements to pupil dilation. Of the 24 subcortic ...
... Mammalian RGCs project to more than 20 subcortical targets [40], including the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) of the thalamus, which sends information to the cortex, and several other regions that mediate behaviors ranging from reflexive eye movements to pupil dilation. Of the 24 subcortic ...
Surround suppression explained by long-range
... In species with highly developed neocortices, such as cats and primates, cortical neurons are grouped into columns that share functional similarities1 . In primary visual cortex, columns of neurons have highly similar preferred orientations of visual stimuli2, 3 . However, given that neurons in a co ...
... In species with highly developed neocortices, such as cats and primates, cortical neurons are grouped into columns that share functional similarities1 . In primary visual cortex, columns of neurons have highly similar preferred orientations of visual stimuli2, 3 . However, given that neurons in a co ...
The Involvement of Recurrent Connections in Area CA3 in
... explain the recent experimental findings by Skaggs and McNaughton (1998), who found partially overlapping place cell representations in two distinct but similar-looking parts of an apparatus. Such models generally predict either identical or completely different firing patterns in this situation. In ...
... explain the recent experimental findings by Skaggs and McNaughton (1998), who found partially overlapping place cell representations in two distinct but similar-looking parts of an apparatus. Such models generally predict either identical or completely different firing patterns in this situation. In ...
Functional neuroanatomy of the primate isocortical motor system
... more reliable and they indeed reflect structurally and functionally different entities. The “F” nomenclature of Matelli et al. (cf. Table 1, last column) that is used throughout this article was introduced in 1985 based on regional differences in cytochrome oxidase histochemistry. The terminology wa ...
... more reliable and they indeed reflect structurally and functionally different entities. The “F” nomenclature of Matelli et al. (cf. Table 1, last column) that is used throughout this article was introduced in 1985 based on regional differences in cytochrome oxidase histochemistry. The terminology wa ...
Receptors in lateral hypothalamic area involved in - AJP
... inhibiting the sympathetic nerve response to stimulation of the IC. The effective sites were very similar to those for kynurenate. Unlike AP-5, the non-NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist CNQX had no effect on the sympathetic nerve response to IC stimulation. These results indicate that the IC autono ...
... inhibiting the sympathetic nerve response to stimulation of the IC. The effective sites were very similar to those for kynurenate. Unlike AP-5, the non-NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist CNQX had no effect on the sympathetic nerve response to IC stimulation. These results indicate that the IC autono ...
Early Sensory Pathways for Detection of Fearful Conditioned Stimuli
... 2004a). The stimulus was set at an intensity that resulted in subtle movement of a few (three to five) whiskers but no elicitation of muscle twitches. Local field potential responses to electrical whisker pad stimulation have been analyzed previously and determined to be virtually identical to those ...
... 2004a). The stimulus was set at an intensity that resulted in subtle movement of a few (three to five) whiskers but no elicitation of muscle twitches. Local field potential responses to electrical whisker pad stimulation have been analyzed previously and determined to be virtually identical to those ...
thesis - ETDA
... antagonistic muscles leading to twisting and repetitive movements or sustained abnormal postures (Fahn S, 1987). However, a great deal of confusion exists because the term dystonia refers to both the behavioral symptom of certain abnormal hyperkinetic involuntary movements and to the syndrome or dis ...
... antagonistic muscles leading to twisting and repetitive movements or sustained abnormal postures (Fahn S, 1987). However, a great deal of confusion exists because the term dystonia refers to both the behavioral symptom of certain abnormal hyperkinetic involuntary movements and to the syndrome or dis ...
Differential Classical Conditioning of the Gill
... conditioning, but in which the US was withheld (CS-alone experiments, n ⫽ 10). Before comparing the pretest and post-test responses, we first statistically compared the GWRs to stimulation of the right and left sides of the siphon. There were no significant differences on any of the tests; we theref ...
... conditioning, but in which the US was withheld (CS-alone experiments, n ⫽ 10). Before comparing the pretest and post-test responses, we first statistically compared the GWRs to stimulation of the right and left sides of the siphon. There were no significant differences on any of the tests; we theref ...
Ch. 14 CNS textbook
... rior median sulcus, just miss dividing the cord into separate symmetrical halves. The anterior fissure is the deeper and the wider of the two grooves—a useful factor to remember when you examine spinal cord diagrams. It enables you to tell at a glance which part of the cord is anterior and which is ...
... rior median sulcus, just miss dividing the cord into separate symmetrical halves. The anterior fissure is the deeper and the wider of the two grooves—a useful factor to remember when you examine spinal cord diagrams. It enables you to tell at a glance which part of the cord is anterior and which is ...
Grid Cell Firing May Arise From Interference of Theta Frequency
... This section demonstrates how Eq. (1), determined entirely from experimental data, can be used to derive the model of grid cells presented by Burgess et al. (2005, 2007). This derivation demonstrates that the model is not just an ad hoc account for grid cell properties, but is specifically indicated ...
... This section demonstrates how Eq. (1), determined entirely from experimental data, can be used to derive the model of grid cells presented by Burgess et al. (2005, 2007). This derivation demonstrates that the model is not just an ad hoc account for grid cell properties, but is specifically indicated ...
In VivoCalcium Imaging Reveals Functional Rewiring of Single
... taking on the functional roles of lost tissues. Although this model is well supported by data, it is not clear how activity in single neurons is altered in relation to cortical functional maps. It is conceivable that individual surviving neurons could adopt new roles at the expense of their usual fu ...
... taking on the functional roles of lost tissues. Although this model is well supported by data, it is not clear how activity in single neurons is altered in relation to cortical functional maps. It is conceivable that individual surviving neurons could adopt new roles at the expense of their usual fu ...
Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology, Second Edition
... tremors, facial & other pain, sexual dysfunction, depression,etc. Drugs used: steroids, immunosuppresants © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning ...
... tremors, facial & other pain, sexual dysfunction, depression,etc. Drugs used: steroids, immunosuppresants © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning ...
Document
... to lamina IV, these tracts cells are also known as the Nucleus Proprius (e.g. spinal thalamic tract or anterolateral system; pain and temperature, some tactile) • Receives afferent input from dorsal roots and descending fibers, most importantly Corticospinal ...
... to lamina IV, these tracts cells are also known as the Nucleus Proprius (e.g. spinal thalamic tract or anterolateral system; pain and temperature, some tactile) • Receives afferent input from dorsal roots and descending fibers, most importantly Corticospinal ...
Evidence for implication of primate area V1 in neural 3
... stimulation of clusters of disparity selective MT neurons can bias the monkey perceptual judgements of depth, and this bias is predictable from the disparity preference of neurons at the stimulation site [21]. There is still the unexplored possibility in primates, using such an approach, that interm ...
... stimulation of clusters of disparity selective MT neurons can bias the monkey perceptual judgements of depth, and this bias is predictable from the disparity preference of neurons at the stimulation site [21]. There is still the unexplored possibility in primates, using such an approach, that interm ...
Posterior White Column
... to lamina IV, these tracts cells are also known as the Nucleus Proprius (e.g. spinal thalamic tract or anterolateral system; pain and temperature, some tactile) • Receives afferent input from dorsal roots and descending fibers, most importantly Corticospinal ...
... to lamina IV, these tracts cells are also known as the Nucleus Proprius (e.g. spinal thalamic tract or anterolateral system; pain and temperature, some tactile) • Receives afferent input from dorsal roots and descending fibers, most importantly Corticospinal ...
The Spinal Cord
... to lamina IV, these tracts cells are also known as the Nucleus Proprius (e.g. spinal thalamic tract or anterolateral system; pain and temperature, some tactile) • Receives afferent input from dorsal roots and descending fibers, most importantly Corticospinal ...
... to lamina IV, these tracts cells are also known as the Nucleus Proprius (e.g. spinal thalamic tract or anterolateral system; pain and temperature, some tactile) • Receives afferent input from dorsal roots and descending fibers, most importantly Corticospinal ...
![arXiv:1604.00289v3 [cs.AI] 2 Nov 2016](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/003558001_1-ebbf1f5b4b7daca920a4ae5f6fdbbe61-300x300.png)
arXiv:1604.00289v3 [cs.AI] 2 Nov 2016
... and the web. The media has also covered many of the recent achievements of neural networks, often expressing the view that neural networks have achieved this recent success by virtue of their brain-like computation and thus their ability to emulate human learning and human cognition. In this article ...
... and the web. The media has also covered many of the recent achievements of neural networks, often expressing the view that neural networks have achieved this recent success by virtue of their brain-like computation and thus their ability to emulate human learning and human cognition. In this article ...
Ethanol Neurotoxicity in the Developing Cerebellum
... within the cerebellum and leads to various impairments in brain function [1,2]. In humans, synaptogenesis begins during the third trimester of pregnancy and continues through the first few years of life. In rodents, this period corresponds to postnatal days four to nine (P4–P9). Although neuronal de ...
... within the cerebellum and leads to various impairments in brain function [1,2]. In humans, synaptogenesis begins during the third trimester of pregnancy and continues through the first few years of life. In rodents, this period corresponds to postnatal days four to nine (P4–P9). Although neuronal de ...
When the Sun Prickles Your Nose: An EEG Study Identifying
... expiratory phase (described in detail by [1,2,11]). It is concluded that the sneezing reflex might be modulated by voluntary cortical mechanisms. Furthermore, Songa & Cingi [2] reported that sneezing could result from central nervous system pathologies, such as epilepsy or psychogenic pathologies. H ...
... expiratory phase (described in detail by [1,2,11]). It is concluded that the sneezing reflex might be modulated by voluntary cortical mechanisms. Furthermore, Songa & Cingi [2] reported that sneezing could result from central nervous system pathologies, such as epilepsy or psychogenic pathologies. H ...
Similar Inhibitory Processes Dominate the Responses of Cat Lateral
... Bechara et al. 1995). The lateral amygdaloid (LAT) nucleus, a major recipient of cortical and thalamic sensory pathways to the amygdala (Amaral et al. 1992; LeDoux et al. 1985; Romanski and LeDoux 1992; Russchen 1982b; Turner et al. 1980) and source of afferents to other amygdaloid nuclei (Krettek a ...
... Bechara et al. 1995). The lateral amygdaloid (LAT) nucleus, a major recipient of cortical and thalamic sensory pathways to the amygdala (Amaral et al. 1992; LeDoux et al. 1985; Romanski and LeDoux 1992; Russchen 1982b; Turner et al. 1980) and source of afferents to other amygdaloid nuclei (Krettek a ...
Building Machines That Learn and Think Like People
... and the web. The media has also covered many of the recent achievements of neural networks, often expressing the view that neural networks have achieved this recent success by virtue of their brain-like computation and thus their ability to emulate human learning and human cognition. In this articl ...
... and the web. The media has also covered many of the recent achievements of neural networks, often expressing the view that neural networks have achieved this recent success by virtue of their brain-like computation and thus their ability to emulate human learning and human cognition. In this articl ...
~ Pergamon
... We combined data from prefrontal areas with similar laminar definition to determine whether regional differences in the distribution of labelled neurons were related to differences in laminar characteristics noted previously/4 Categories were constructed on the basis of number of layers and laminar ...
... We combined data from prefrontal areas with similar laminar definition to determine whether regional differences in the distribution of labelled neurons were related to differences in laminar characteristics noted previously/4 Categories were constructed on the basis of number of layers and laminar ...
Cholinergic modulation of cognitive processing: insights drawn from computational models Kishan Gupta
... There are two general classes of acetylcholine receptors that can be dissociated by their binding affinity for muscarine and nicotine. At present, computational models of cholinergic function do not usually focus on dissociating the contribution of each of these receptor types. However, each has dis ...
... There are two general classes of acetylcholine receptors that can be dissociated by their binding affinity for muscarine and nicotine. At present, computational models of cholinergic function do not usually focus on dissociating the contribution of each of these receptor types. However, each has dis ...