attention - CMU Graphics
... -- For spatial location, these requirements are fulfilled by the retinotopic organization and the well-defined spatial receptive fields in early areas of the visual pathways. -- topographic organization of the feature ...
... -- For spatial location, these requirements are fulfilled by the retinotopic organization and the well-defined spatial receptive fields in early areas of the visual pathways. -- topographic organization of the feature ...
The effect of word imagery on priming effect under a preconscious
... 2012; Vistoli et al., 2011]. Previous studies reported that abnormalities in the semantic network were found in patients with schizophrenia, but not in controls [Jeong and Kubicki, 2010; Jeong et al., 2009]. Research into the semantic priming effect, focusing on the associative relationship between ...
... 2012; Vistoli et al., 2011]. Previous studies reported that abnormalities in the semantic network were found in patients with schizophrenia, but not in controls [Jeong and Kubicki, 2010; Jeong et al., 2009]. Research into the semantic priming effect, focusing on the associative relationship between ...
NervousSystemchapt28
... • The motor cortex – Directs responses • Association areas – Concerned with higher mental activities such as reasoning and language, make up most of the cerebrum • The right and left cerebral hemispheres – Tend to specialize in different mental tasks Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. Publish ...
... • The motor cortex – Directs responses • Association areas – Concerned with higher mental activities such as reasoning and language, make up most of the cerebrum • The right and left cerebral hemispheres – Tend to specialize in different mental tasks Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. Publish ...
motor pathways i-iii
... A. An UMN disorder will deprive the LMNs of the control normally exerted by the UMNs. The LMNs and their connections to skeletal muscles remain intact, but muscle strength, voluntary activity, tone and reflexes are all modified by this loss of control. B. Symptoms and signs of UMN lesions include: 1 ...
... A. An UMN disorder will deprive the LMNs of the control normally exerted by the UMNs. The LMNs and their connections to skeletal muscles remain intact, but muscle strength, voluntary activity, tone and reflexes are all modified by this loss of control. B. Symptoms and signs of UMN lesions include: 1 ...
“Parcelation of the White Matter Using DTI: Insights into the
... fibers is included in the association fiber systems. The commissural system plays an important role in interhemispheric functional integration communicating perceptual, cognitive, learned, and volitional information. The corpus callosum facilitates interhemispheric interactions and integration. It i ...
... fibers is included in the association fiber systems. The commissural system plays an important role in interhemispheric functional integration communicating perceptual, cognitive, learned, and volitional information. The corpus callosum facilitates interhemispheric interactions and integration. It i ...
... expression of spoken language. These findings led neuroscientists at that time to emphatically search for specific brain regions associated with each cognitive, motor or sensory function. The Brodmann areas,3 for example, are used daily in the attempt to localize brain functions. The importance of t ...
pdf
... Anatomical Labeling atlas for SPM8 (ref. 37). We then compared the resulting overlap metrics to a null-distribution obtained by resampling with randomly permuted region labels using all 116 atlas regions. In other words, for each permutation, we computed the overlap scores for voxels from two random ...
... Anatomical Labeling atlas for SPM8 (ref. 37). We then compared the resulting overlap metrics to a null-distribution obtained by resampling with randomly permuted region labels using all 116 atlas regions. In other words, for each permutation, we computed the overlap scores for voxels from two random ...
an integrative theory of prefrontal cortex function
... PFC damage show stereotyped deficits in the WCST. They are able to acquire the initial mapping without much difficulty but are unable to adapt their behavior when the rule varies (Milner 1963). Monkeys with PFC lesions are impaired in an analog of this task (Dias et al 1996b, 1997) and in others whe ...
... PFC damage show stereotyped deficits in the WCST. They are able to acquire the initial mapping without much difficulty but are unable to adapt their behavior when the rule varies (Milner 1963). Monkeys with PFC lesions are impaired in an analog of this task (Dias et al 1996b, 1997) and in others whe ...
High reward expectancy during methylphenidate depresses the
... Our aim was to obtain direct evidence of this relationship between tonic and phasic dopamine response in a pharmacological functional MRI (fMRI) study. Twenty healthy participants entered a double blind study and performed a gambling task (Camara et al., 2010; Gehring and Willoughby, 2010) during fM ...
... Our aim was to obtain direct evidence of this relationship between tonic and phasic dopamine response in a pharmacological functional MRI (fMRI) study. Twenty healthy participants entered a double blind study and performed a gambling task (Camara et al., 2010; Gehring and Willoughby, 2010) during fM ...
![[Frontiers in Bioscience 8, s438-451, May 1, 2003] 438 AROUSAL](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/005320946_1-6eb469e446a066f466aecf70147008ff-300x300.png)
[Frontiers in Bioscience 8, s438-451, May 1, 2003] 438 AROUSAL
... 7. Conclusions and Perspective 8. Acknowledgements 9. References 1. ABSTRACT The brain contains autochthonous neural systems that evoke waking from sleep in response to sensory stimuli, prolong or enhance arousal in response to special stimuli, and also generate and maintain wakefulness regardless o ...
... 7. Conclusions and Perspective 8. Acknowledgements 9. References 1. ABSTRACT The brain contains autochthonous neural systems that evoke waking from sleep in response to sensory stimuli, prolong or enhance arousal in response to special stimuli, and also generate and maintain wakefulness regardless o ...
extracellular and intracellular signaling for neuronal polarity
... also regulate neuronal polarization. In the developing retina, retinal ganglion cells are generated directly from neuroepithelial cells. Shortly after cell division, the retinal ganglion cells reextend a basal process toward the basal surface, where laminin is expressed. Once the basal process conta ...
... also regulate neuronal polarization. In the developing retina, retinal ganglion cells are generated directly from neuroepithelial cells. Shortly after cell division, the retinal ganglion cells reextend a basal process toward the basal surface, where laminin is expressed. Once the basal process conta ...
judasMRT99
... circuits, and programmed cell death. For example, NO mediates the switch from proliferation to cytostasis during the terminal differentiation of neuronal precursor cells (Peunova and Enikolopov, 1995), rapidly and reversibly inhibits growth of neurites of rat dorsal root ganglion neurons in vitro (H ...
... circuits, and programmed cell death. For example, NO mediates the switch from proliferation to cytostasis during the terminal differentiation of neuronal precursor cells (Peunova and Enikolopov, 1995), rapidly and reversibly inhibits growth of neurites of rat dorsal root ganglion neurons in vitro (H ...
How MT cells analyze the motion of visual patterns
... component selective (Fig. 4a) to the most pattern selective (Fig. 4e). Comparing the actual responses with the predictions reveals that the cascade model captures all the main features of these responses. The model predicts the plus-shaped direction-interaction surfaces for the component and interme ...
... component selective (Fig. 4a) to the most pattern selective (Fig. 4e). Comparing the actual responses with the predictions reveals that the cascade model captures all the main features of these responses. The model predicts the plus-shaped direction-interaction surfaces for the component and interme ...
- Hayden Lab
... Recent theories suggest that reward-based choice reflects competition between value signals in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC). We tested this idea by recording vmPFC neurons while macaques performed a gambling task with asynchronous offer presentation. We found that neuronal activity sho ...
... Recent theories suggest that reward-based choice reflects competition between value signals in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC). We tested this idea by recording vmPFC neurons while macaques performed a gambling task with asynchronous offer presentation. We found that neuronal activity sho ...
The role of synaptic ion channels in synaptic
... opening requires both glutamate binding and the relief of a magnesium ion (Mg2+) block, which involves depolarization of the postsynaptic membrane. Kainate receptors are pentameric ion channels that are mostly permeable to sodium and potassium, with a low conductivity for calcium (Ferrer-Montiel & M ...
... opening requires both glutamate binding and the relief of a magnesium ion (Mg2+) block, which involves depolarization of the postsynaptic membrane. Kainate receptors are pentameric ion channels that are mostly permeable to sodium and potassium, with a low conductivity for calcium (Ferrer-Montiel & M ...
The Basal Ganglia
... and tere bral Cortex The bfsal ganglia were traditionally thought to function only ~ voluntary movement. Indeed, fOTsome time it W= s b lieved that the basal ganglia sent their entire output to the motor cortex via the thalamus and thus act as a I through which movement is initiated by different C~ ...
... and tere bral Cortex The bfsal ganglia were traditionally thought to function only ~ voluntary movement. Indeed, fOTsome time it W= s b lieved that the basal ganglia sent their entire output to the motor cortex via the thalamus and thus act as a I through which movement is initiated by different C~ ...
Addiction to Food and Brain Reward Systems
... most concerning problems. In this population, both of these disorders are prevalent and often comorbid (Hodgkins, Cahill, Seraphine, Frost-Pineda, & Gold, 2004). Remission from one may lead to the development of the other (Hodgkins et al., 2004). The use of tobacco, alcohol, and illicit drugs by ado ...
... most concerning problems. In this population, both of these disorders are prevalent and often comorbid (Hodgkins, Cahill, Seraphine, Frost-Pineda, & Gold, 2004). Remission from one may lead to the development of the other (Hodgkins et al., 2004). The use of tobacco, alcohol, and illicit drugs by ado ...
Habituation, sensitization and Pavlovian conditioning
... flies failed to show habituation, and continued to respond as if there was nothing else but sucrose. Clearly, state-dependence of responsiveness had a qualitative, but not quantitative effect on how appetitive stimuli were processed for immediate responding as well as for memory-formation. Second, h ...
... flies failed to show habituation, and continued to respond as if there was nothing else but sucrose. Clearly, state-dependence of responsiveness had a qualitative, but not quantitative effect on how appetitive stimuli were processed for immediate responding as well as for memory-formation. Second, h ...
Link
... 33], the investigation of the SC during the execution of saccadic eye movements has been limited to a few reports [25,34–36], mostly due to methodological challenges like insufficient spatial resolution and low signal-to-noise ratio for this small and deeply located subcortical brain region. However ...
... 33], the investigation of the SC during the execution of saccadic eye movements has been limited to a few reports [25,34–36], mostly due to methodological challenges like insufficient spatial resolution and low signal-to-noise ratio for this small and deeply located subcortical brain region. However ...
An implantable neural probe with monolithically integrated dielectric
... these opsins can be selectively stimulated by visible light at an appropriate wavelength and cell-type specificity can be achieved with well-controlled spatial and temporal resolution (order of milliseconds) [4]. For example, Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2), when expressed in neurons, reacts rapidly to bl ...
... these opsins can be selectively stimulated by visible light at an appropriate wavelength and cell-type specificity can be achieved with well-controlled spatial and temporal resolution (order of milliseconds) [4]. For example, Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2), when expressed in neurons, reacts rapidly to bl ...
Demonstrating the Implicit Processing of Visually Presented Words
... have legitimate word forms with semantic and phonological representations; related activity was detected in the left medial extrastriate visual cortex and a left prefrontal area. Pseudowords have legitimate word forms from which phonological but not semantic associations can be computed; related act ...
... have legitimate word forms with semantic and phonological representations; related activity was detected in the left medial extrastriate visual cortex and a left prefrontal area. Pseudowords have legitimate word forms from which phonological but not semantic associations can be computed; related act ...
Full Text
... myelin loss and axonal damage (Figure 4). Regions beneath the association areas were most severely affected, and white matter axonal spheroids were most frequent in areas adjacent to areas of severe white matter injury (Figure 5). The pattern of white matter involvement was similar in all case but v ...
... myelin loss and axonal damage (Figure 4). Regions beneath the association areas were most severely affected, and white matter axonal spheroids were most frequent in areas adjacent to areas of severe white matter injury (Figure 5). The pattern of white matter involvement was similar in all case but v ...
File
... • medulla oblongata- most inferior – Heart rate, blood pressure, breathing – Reflexes for cough, sneeze and vomiting ...
... • medulla oblongata- most inferior – Heart rate, blood pressure, breathing – Reflexes for cough, sneeze and vomiting ...
Imaging the premotor areas Nathalie Picard* and Peter L Strick
... In monkeys, it is now established that area 6 on the medial wall of the brain contains two separate areas: the supplementary motor area proper (SMA) in the caudal portion of area 6, and the pre-SMA in the rostral portion (Figure 1a; reviewed in [2,4]). The SMA and pre-SMA are equivalent to fields F3 ...
... In monkeys, it is now established that area 6 on the medial wall of the brain contains two separate areas: the supplementary motor area proper (SMA) in the caudal portion of area 6, and the pre-SMA in the rostral portion (Figure 1a; reviewed in [2,4]). The SMA and pre-SMA are equivalent to fields F3 ...