On phenomenal character and Petri dishes
... than could readily be held in a Petri dish. Tye appears to assume that the evidence he mentions from MEG scans is, if not conclusive, at least highly probative. He does not cite the source of the evidence, so I cannot evaluate it; but I doubt that we can yet say with confidence that localized activ ...
... than could readily be held in a Petri dish. Tye appears to assume that the evidence he mentions from MEG scans is, if not conclusive, at least highly probative. He does not cite the source of the evidence, so I cannot evaluate it; but I doubt that we can yet say with confidence that localized activ ...
Topical Review
... sprouting has required direct axonal quantification. This is because the proteins associated with the growth cone, such as GAP43, which have been traditionally used to “map” sprouting axons are in fact not neuron- or sprouting-specific: GAP43 is found in astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and is induced i ...
... sprouting has required direct axonal quantification. This is because the proteins associated with the growth cone, such as GAP43, which have been traditionally used to “map” sprouting axons are in fact not neuron- or sprouting-specific: GAP43 is found in astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and is induced i ...
Response characteristics of neurons in the pulvinar of awake cats to
... and Duncan 1995). The signal necessary for this enhancement could be generated by a saccade-related activation of Pul neurons that are involved in the processing of oculomotor information rather than in object analysis tasks. The analysis of saccade-related responses of single neurons therefore is a ...
... and Duncan 1995). The signal necessary for this enhancement could be generated by a saccade-related activation of Pul neurons that are involved in the processing of oculomotor information rather than in object analysis tasks. The analysis of saccade-related responses of single neurons therefore is a ...
Morphology of Feedback Neurons in the Mushroom Body of the
... Menzel, 1993), indicating postsynaptic terminals in the lobes and presynaptic endings in the calyces for these neurons. Feedback neurons, thus, would transmit information from the output of the MB back to its input regions. Because they are immunoreactive to GABA (Bicker et al., 1985), feedback neur ...
... Menzel, 1993), indicating postsynaptic terminals in the lobes and presynaptic endings in the calyces for these neurons. Feedback neurons, thus, would transmit information from the output of the MB back to its input regions. Because they are immunoreactive to GABA (Bicker et al., 1985), feedback neur ...
RHYTHM GENERATION IN SPINAL CULTURES: IS IT THE
... Rhythm generation in intact preparations 1.1.1. Rhythms as an important feature of CNS function. Neural networks of many regions of the CNS are able to generate synchronized rhythmic activity. In humans rhythmic cortical activity has been recorded for years with electroencephalography (EEG). The var ...
... Rhythm generation in intact preparations 1.1.1. Rhythms as an important feature of CNS function. Neural networks of many regions of the CNS are able to generate synchronized rhythmic activity. In humans rhythmic cortical activity has been recorded for years with electroencephalography (EEG). The var ...
Nervous Systems
... • Modern brain-imaging techniques suggest that consciousness is an emergent property of the brain based on activity in many areas of the cortex Prefrontal cortex ...
... • Modern brain-imaging techniques suggest that consciousness is an emergent property of the brain based on activity in many areas of the cortex Prefrontal cortex ...
Encoding of Movement Fragments in the Motor Cortex
... Figure 1. Evidence for trajectory encoding in the motor cortex. A, Temporal evolution of preferred directions (in 50 ms bins) for four MI neurons relative to movement onset computed in an instructed-delay center-out task to one of eight targets. B, Left, Example of a single successful behavioral tri ...
... Figure 1. Evidence for trajectory encoding in the motor cortex. A, Temporal evolution of preferred directions (in 50 ms bins) for four MI neurons relative to movement onset computed in an instructed-delay center-out task to one of eight targets. B, Left, Example of a single successful behavioral tri ...
Striate cortex increases contrast gain of macaque LGN neurons
... jected forward (Mumford, 1992; Rao & Ballard, 1999). In discussing the latter predictive model with applicability to both corticofugal and corticocortical recurrent projections, Koch and Poggio (1999) note that “it will be critical to unravel the precise function of corticocortical feedback projecti ...
... jected forward (Mumford, 1992; Rao & Ballard, 1999). In discussing the latter predictive model with applicability to both corticofugal and corticocortical recurrent projections, Koch and Poggio (1999) note that “it will be critical to unravel the precise function of corticocortical feedback projecti ...
Computation by Oscillations: Implications of Experimental Data
... of interacting oscillatory dynamics by the speed and direction of the rat can result in a spatially dependent spiking pattern rather than a temporally dependent spiking pattern. The second type of model utilizes attractor dynamics and assumes that specific patterns of synaptic interactions contribut ...
... of interacting oscillatory dynamics by the speed and direction of the rat can result in a spatially dependent spiking pattern rather than a temporally dependent spiking pattern. The second type of model utilizes attractor dynamics and assumes that specific patterns of synaptic interactions contribut ...
Dynamical Properties of Neuronal Systems with
... As a central result, we introduce a novel mean-field method that makes it possible to calculate the average activity of heterogeneous, degree-correlated neuronal networks without having to simulate each neuron explicitly. The method is based on grouping neurons with equal number of inputs (their in-d ...
... As a central result, we introduce a novel mean-field method that makes it possible to calculate the average activity of heterogeneous, degree-correlated neuronal networks without having to simulate each neuron explicitly. The method is based on grouping neurons with equal number of inputs (their in-d ...
Full version (PDF file)
... demonstrated that dorsal agranular insular cortex and dorsal prelimbic cortex project primarily to the dorsal NAc core, while the ventral NAc core is mainly innervated by pathways originating in the ventral prelimbic cortex, ventral agranular insular cortex and olfactory tubercle (Groenewegen et al. ...
... demonstrated that dorsal agranular insular cortex and dorsal prelimbic cortex project primarily to the dorsal NAc core, while the ventral NAc core is mainly innervated by pathways originating in the ventral prelimbic cortex, ventral agranular insular cortex and olfactory tubercle (Groenewegen et al. ...
A1 - 58 - University of Pittsburgh
... measurement, and interpretation of electrical signals as portrayed through muscle contraction and relaxation [5]. To properly explain how EMG devices function, both processes must be assessed in extreme detail, then apply them to the specific materials used in EMG devices. This context will then all ...
... measurement, and interpretation of electrical signals as portrayed through muscle contraction and relaxation [5]. To properly explain how EMG devices function, both processes must be assessed in extreme detail, then apply them to the specific materials used in EMG devices. This context will then all ...
Changes in the N1-P2 Complex after Speech
... However, perception can be altered by experience. With little training, listeners can learn to form arbitrary categories (Carney, Widen, & Viemeister, 1977; McClaskey, Pisoni, & Carrell, 1983). For example, monolingual speakers of English were trained to distinguish between two pre-voiced /ba/ sylla ...
... However, perception can be altered by experience. With little training, listeners can learn to form arbitrary categories (Carney, Widen, & Viemeister, 1977; McClaskey, Pisoni, & Carrell, 1983). For example, monolingual speakers of English were trained to distinguish between two pre-voiced /ba/ sylla ...
Preliminary fMRI findings concerning the influence of 5‐HTP on food
... food (high calories, proteins, carbohydrates) and nonfood movie stimuli. Results: Within the 5-HTP group, a comparison of food and nonfood stimuli showed significant responses that included the limbic system, the basal ganglia, and the prefrontal, temporal, and parietal cortices. For the vitamin C ...
... food (high calories, proteins, carbohydrates) and nonfood movie stimuli. Results: Within the 5-HTP group, a comparison of food and nonfood stimuli showed significant responses that included the limbic system, the basal ganglia, and the prefrontal, temporal, and parietal cortices. For the vitamin C ...
Rapid Whole Brain Imaging Of Neural Activities In Freely
... alternative because of its higher imaging speed, but its spatial resolution is relatively low. ...
... alternative because of its higher imaging speed, but its spatial resolution is relatively low. ...
Control of breathing by interacting pontine and
... of inspiration. The model was used to study the effects of: (1) “vagotomy” (removal of pulmonary feedback), (2) suppression of pontine activity attenuating pontine feedback, and (3) these perturbations applied together on the respiratory pattern and durations of inspiration (TI ) and expiration (TE ...
... of inspiration. The model was used to study the effects of: (1) “vagotomy” (removal of pulmonary feedback), (2) suppression of pontine activity attenuating pontine feedback, and (3) these perturbations applied together on the respiratory pattern and durations of inspiration (TI ) and expiration (TE ...
UShape Representation in the Inferior Temporal Cortex of MonkeysU
... weighted sum of each unit's output. A recognition system relying on such an architecture has a strongly viewdependent performance when presented with a novel object, but it achieves object constancy by familiarizing itself with a small number of object views [9]. In support of this model are experim ...
... weighted sum of each unit's output. A recognition system relying on such an architecture has a strongly viewdependent performance when presented with a novel object, but it achieves object constancy by familiarizing itself with a small number of object views [9]. In support of this model are experim ...
Diverse functions of perineuronal nets
... N-acetylogalactosamine residues. Proteoglycans are sulphate glycoconjugates, therefore they can be detected by using anionic or cationic iron colloid; this allows differentiation between various groups of neurons with negatively or positively charged PNs (Murakami et al. 2001). The PNs can also be s ...
... N-acetylogalactosamine residues. Proteoglycans are sulphate glycoconjugates, therefore they can be detected by using anionic or cationic iron colloid; this allows differentiation between various groups of neurons with negatively or positively charged PNs (Murakami et al. 2001). The PNs can also be s ...
Dynamics of sensory processing in the dual olfactory pathway of the
... The second difference refers to the concentration dependence of odor responses. In m-PN boutons, the amplitude of the Ca responses typically increased with odor concentration. On the contrary, l-PNs typically responded even for very low concentrations and revealed little or even a negative relation ...
... The second difference refers to the concentration dependence of odor responses. In m-PN boutons, the amplitude of the Ca responses typically increased with odor concentration. On the contrary, l-PNs typically responded even for very low concentrations and revealed little or even a negative relation ...
Neuronal activity (c-Fos) delineating interactions of the cerebral
... forebrain structures, form a dynamic interactive network. The cerebral cortex, along with the thalamus and subcortical systems, sends signals to the BG. The BG in turn, with modulation from midbrain dopaminergic system, integrates and processes this cortical information for output, back to the cereb ...
... forebrain structures, form a dynamic interactive network. The cerebral cortex, along with the thalamus and subcortical systems, sends signals to the BG. The BG in turn, with modulation from midbrain dopaminergic system, integrates and processes this cortical information for output, back to the cereb ...
An unaware agenda: interictal consciousness
... 10 s, temporarily losing time perception altogether. Although CAE is considered a form of generalized epilepsy, animal research shows that its underlying epileptiform discharges originate from specific corticothalamic networks while sparing other regions (Meeren et al., 2002; Nersesyan et al., 2004; ...
... 10 s, temporarily losing time perception altogether. Although CAE is considered a form of generalized epilepsy, animal research shows that its underlying epileptiform discharges originate from specific corticothalamic networks while sparing other regions (Meeren et al., 2002; Nersesyan et al., 2004; ...
I dc
... • Sensitivity of an Attractor with respect to the Phase of the External Quasiperiodic Forcing Phase Sensitivity: Characterized by Differentiating V with respect to at a discrete time t=nP1 (P1=1/f1) |Sn|: bounded for all n Smooth Geometry |Sn|: unbounded (a dense set of singularities) Strang ...
... • Sensitivity of an Attractor with respect to the Phase of the External Quasiperiodic Forcing Phase Sensitivity: Characterized by Differentiating V with respect to at a discrete time t=nP1 (P1=1/f1) |Sn|: bounded for all n Smooth Geometry |Sn|: unbounded (a dense set of singularities) Strang ...
Voluntary Nicotine Consumption Triggers Potentiation of Cortical Excitatory Drives to Midbrain
... (red circles) and inactive (white circles) nose-pokes. B, Oscilloscope traces of impulses from three VTA DA neurons showing typical electrophysiology experiments was perrecordings of two regular and one fast-firing VTA DA neuron in SAL, YOKED, and NIC rats, respectively. C, Analysis of firing activi ...
... (red circles) and inactive (white circles) nose-pokes. B, Oscilloscope traces of impulses from three VTA DA neurons showing typical electrophysiology experiments was perrecordings of two regular and one fast-firing VTA DA neuron in SAL, YOKED, and NIC rats, respectively. C, Analysis of firing activi ...
Lecture 6: Single neuron models
... McCulloch and Pitts knew that spikes (action potential) somehow carry information through the brain: each spike would represent a binary 1 each lack of spike would represent a binary 0 They showed how spikes could be combined to do logical and arithmetical operations From modern perspective there is ...
... McCulloch and Pitts knew that spikes (action potential) somehow carry information through the brain: each spike would represent a binary 1 each lack of spike would represent a binary 0 They showed how spikes could be combined to do logical and arithmetical operations From modern perspective there is ...
Research paper : Why the Mirror Neurons Cannot Support
... Imagine a bee flying towards a flower. We (non-experts on bee studies) do not know the biomechanics and neurodynamics of its movements; we cannot imagine ourselves “in the mental shoes” of a flying insect. We cannot internally simulate its actions. But we do understand the goal of its action; it is ...
... Imagine a bee flying towards a flower. We (non-experts on bee studies) do not know the biomechanics and neurodynamics of its movements; we cannot imagine ourselves “in the mental shoes” of a flying insect. We cannot internally simulate its actions. But we do understand the goal of its action; it is ...