Webb et al 2002 - User Web Areas at the University of York
... Contrast of visual stimuli was specified by Michelson contrast ~L max 2 L min )0~L max 1 L min ). A neuron’s polarity (on or off-center) was determined by comparing its response to bright and dark spots. Its spatial- and temporal-frequency tuning and optimal stimulus size were measured with drifting ...
... Contrast of visual stimuli was specified by Michelson contrast ~L max 2 L min )0~L max 1 L min ). A neuron’s polarity (on or off-center) was determined by comparing its response to bright and dark spots. Its spatial- and temporal-frequency tuning and optimal stimulus size were measured with drifting ...
Increased prefrontal activity and reduced motor cortex
... studies have shown that imagery can be used to improve strength related tasks (Ranganathan et al., 2004), but it is still a controversial issue with large individual differences. Although, one must also remember that there are differences between motor imagery and execution, and it has been shown th ...
... studies have shown that imagery can be used to improve strength related tasks (Ranganathan et al., 2004), but it is still a controversial issue with large individual differences. Although, one must also remember that there are differences between motor imagery and execution, and it has been shown th ...
Monkey Models of Recovery of Voluntary Hand
... neuronal changes following dorsal root injury, we developed a restricted DRL model that is readily reproducible across animals and that can be altered in its extent to test the limits of reorganization and recovery. This model has made it possible to investigate acute, chronic, and long-term changes ...
... neuronal changes following dorsal root injury, we developed a restricted DRL model that is readily reproducible across animals and that can be altered in its extent to test the limits of reorganization and recovery. This model has made it possible to investigate acute, chronic, and long-term changes ...
Skeletal System
... The nervous system is the master controlling and communicating system of the body It is responsible for all behavior Along with the endocrine system it is responsible for regulating and maintaining body homeostasis Cells of the nervous system communicate by means of electrical signals ...
... The nervous system is the master controlling and communicating system of the body It is responsible for all behavior Along with the endocrine system it is responsible for regulating and maintaining body homeostasis Cells of the nervous system communicate by means of electrical signals ...
Neural correlates of odor learning in the honeybee antennal lobe
... throughout the text, recognizing that such ‘units’ may well receive spikes from more than one neuron, possibly two (and in rare cases even three) very closely attached neurons. We included into our analysis only such recordings that were stable with respect to the spike waveforms over the whole time ...
... throughout the text, recognizing that such ‘units’ may well receive spikes from more than one neuron, possibly two (and in rare cases even three) very closely attached neurons. We included into our analysis only such recordings that were stable with respect to the spike waveforms over the whole time ...
Rethinking Mammalian Brain Evolution1
... theory because it is essentially beyond the reach of experimental approaches. Although brains of extinct species are not available for direct inspection and analysis, this does not necessarily mean that theories of brain evolution are empirically untestable. Indeed they are every bit as susceptible ...
... theory because it is essentially beyond the reach of experimental approaches. Although brains of extinct species are not available for direct inspection and analysis, this does not necessarily mean that theories of brain evolution are empirically untestable. Indeed they are every bit as susceptible ...
Teacher Guide
... 12. Considering that salt is also the primary mode of conduction in animal cells (specifically, through sodium-potassium pumps), explain what you think might be the effects of the on nerve cell behavior and function if an organism is deprived of salt. Salt deprivation (hyponatremia) results in overa ...
... 12. Considering that salt is also the primary mode of conduction in animal cells (specifically, through sodium-potassium pumps), explain what you think might be the effects of the on nerve cell behavior and function if an organism is deprived of salt. Salt deprivation (hyponatremia) results in overa ...
Neurophysiological correlates of hypnotic analgesia
... in large part due to its demonstrated effects on analgesia (Montgomery, David, Winkel, Silverstein and Bobbjerg, 2002; Patterson and Jensen, 2003). Hypnosis can profoundly alter sensory awareness and cognitive processing and has been used for years to alleviate pain perception in many different clin ...
... in large part due to its demonstrated effects on analgesia (Montgomery, David, Winkel, Silverstein and Bobbjerg, 2002; Patterson and Jensen, 2003). Hypnosis can profoundly alter sensory awareness and cognitive processing and has been used for years to alleviate pain perception in many different clin ...
I Know What You Are Doing: A - Università degli Studi di Parma
... Figure 1. Example of a Neuron Responding to Action Observation in Full Vision and in Hidden Condition but Not in Mimed Conditions The lower part of each panel illustrates schematically the experimenter’s action as observed from the monkey’s vantage point: the experimenter’s hand started from a fixed ...
... Figure 1. Example of a Neuron Responding to Action Observation in Full Vision and in Hidden Condition but Not in Mimed Conditions The lower part of each panel illustrates schematically the experimenter’s action as observed from the monkey’s vantage point: the experimenter’s hand started from a fixed ...
PDF
... closely resembles that of the prepared movement, while also often involving activation of the OO and SCM muscles (Valls-Solé et al., 1999; Ravichandran et al., 2013). The major difference between prepared actions that are triggered by innocuous or startling auditory stimuli is the latency of the res ...
... closely resembles that of the prepared movement, while also often involving activation of the OO and SCM muscles (Valls-Solé et al., 1999; Ravichandran et al., 2013). The major difference between prepared actions that are triggered by innocuous or startling auditory stimuli is the latency of the res ...
Karuza, E. A., Newport, E. L., Aslin, R. N., Starling, S. J., Tivarus
... potentially separate processes: (1) the storage of elements that occur during exposure, (2) the computation of one or more statistics from the element distributions, and (3) the recognition of statistically coherent (familiar) patterns after they have been learned. In many types of experimental desi ...
... potentially separate processes: (1) the storage of elements that occur during exposure, (2) the computation of one or more statistics from the element distributions, and (3) the recognition of statistically coherent (familiar) patterns after they have been learned. In many types of experimental desi ...
Reelin and apolipoprotein E receptor 2 in the embryonic and mature
... (b) Reelin, synaptic plasticity and spatial learning At some synapses in the mature hippocampus, a short burst of repetitive firing in pre-synaptic cells leads to a change in synaptic behaviour such that a subsequent single pre-synaptic action potential evokes a greatly increased response in the pos ...
... (b) Reelin, synaptic plasticity and spatial learning At some synapses in the mature hippocampus, a short burst of repetitive firing in pre-synaptic cells leads to a change in synaptic behaviour such that a subsequent single pre-synaptic action potential evokes a greatly increased response in the pos ...
Hasselmo M.E. (2007) Arc length coding by interference of
... encoding of sequences in which interference between theta frequency oscillations encodes the position within a sequence based on spatial arc length or time. Arc length can be coded by an oscillatory interference model that accounts for many features of the context-dependent firing properties of hipp ...
... encoding of sequences in which interference between theta frequency oscillations encodes the position within a sequence based on spatial arc length or time. Arc length can be coded by an oscillatory interference model that accounts for many features of the context-dependent firing properties of hipp ...
Enhanced Modulation of Neuronal Activity during
... The present study used 3 saccade tasks (Fig. 1). In both the antisaccade task and the prosaccade task, a gray fixation point (10.7 cd/m2) initially appeared at the center of the screen. After 800 ms, color of the fixation point was changed either to green or red in order to instruct monkeys of the tri ...
... The present study used 3 saccade tasks (Fig. 1). In both the antisaccade task and the prosaccade task, a gray fixation point (10.7 cd/m2) initially appeared at the center of the screen. After 800 ms, color of the fixation point was changed either to green or red in order to instruct monkeys of the tri ...
Sample
... ANS: d, p. 46, C/A, Difficulty=2 2-33. Which activity involves activation of the parasympathetic system? a) picking up a ball b) studying for a final exam c) resting after a stressful drive home d) getting “psyched up” to play an important tennis match ANS: c, p. 46, C/A, Difficulty=2 2-34. Homeosta ...
... ANS: d, p. 46, C/A, Difficulty=2 2-33. Which activity involves activation of the parasympathetic system? a) picking up a ball b) studying for a final exam c) resting after a stressful drive home d) getting “psyched up” to play an important tennis match ANS: c, p. 46, C/A, Difficulty=2 2-34. Homeosta ...
Atonia-Related Regions in the Rodent Pons and Medulla
... NMDA-induced muscle tone change had a latency of 31.8 ⫾ 35.3 s from the pons and 10.5 ⫾ 0.7 s from the medulla and a duration of 146.7 ⫾ 95.2 s from the pons and 55.5 ⫾ 40.4 s from the medulla. The latency of quisqualate (QU)-induced reduction of neck muscle tone was 30.1 ⫾ 37.9 s after pontine and ...
... NMDA-induced muscle tone change had a latency of 31.8 ⫾ 35.3 s from the pons and 10.5 ⫾ 0.7 s from the medulla and a duration of 146.7 ⫾ 95.2 s from the pons and 55.5 ⫾ 40.4 s from the medulla. The latency of quisqualate (QU)-induced reduction of neck muscle tone was 30.1 ⫾ 37.9 s after pontine and ...
Activities of the Primary and Supplementary Motor Areas Increase in
... fMRI time series data were analyzed using a general linear model (Friston et al., 1995a). The analysis was performed for each task separately on an individual subject basis. Three box-car f unctions were constructed to model premotor, motor, and postmotor phases (Fig. 2, lef t). For each f unction, ...
... fMRI time series data were analyzed using a general linear model (Friston et al., 1995a). The analysis was performed for each task separately on an individual subject basis. Three box-car f unctions were constructed to model premotor, motor, and postmotor phases (Fig. 2, lef t). For each f unction, ...
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... power line contamination. The resistance of all electrodes was kept below 5 k⍀. Data of the BRL database were acquired by use of the 12-bit A/D BSA acquisition system (Neurometrics, Inc., New York, New York, USA) and sampled at 100 Hz. For consistency, we subsequently up-sampled the BRL database to ...
... power line contamination. The resistance of all electrodes was kept below 5 k⍀. Data of the BRL database were acquired by use of the 12-bit A/D BSA acquisition system (Neurometrics, Inc., New York, New York, USA) and sampled at 100 Hz. For consistency, we subsequently up-sampled the BRL database to ...
Modeling multiple time scale firing rate adaptation in a neural
... scale adaptation of a particular weighting in conductancebased models is difficult, as is assessing the effect of differing adaptation dynamics on neural networks. Here, the intent is to describe an approach for modeling multiple time scale rate adaptation in a neural network and demonstrate its use ...
... scale adaptation of a particular weighting in conductancebased models is difficult, as is assessing the effect of differing adaptation dynamics on neural networks. Here, the intent is to describe an approach for modeling multiple time scale rate adaptation in a neural network and demonstrate its use ...
The Output Signal of Purkinje Cells of the Cerebellum and Circadian
... FEO [13]. Rhythmic clock gene expression in the cerebellum is independent from the master clock in the SCN, because in cerebellar brain slices that are isolated from any input signal this rhythmicity persists for several days [3,13]. However, if Purkinje cells harbor an intrinsic circadian oscillato ...
... FEO [13]. Rhythmic clock gene expression in the cerebellum is independent from the master clock in the SCN, because in cerebellar brain slices that are isolated from any input signal this rhythmicity persists for several days [3,13]. However, if Purkinje cells harbor an intrinsic circadian oscillato ...
Temperature Integration at the AC Thermosensory Neurons
... perfusion solution. Therefore, the bath temperaHere, we propose that novel warm temperature integration ture was used as an index for the calcium imaging experiments. occurs in the AC neurons. This initial identification of temperaOptical images of the preparation were acquired during the ture integ ...
... perfusion solution. Therefore, the bath temperaHere, we propose that novel warm temperature integration ture was used as an index for the calcium imaging experiments. occurs in the AC neurons. This initial identification of temperaOptical images of the preparation were acquired during the ture integ ...
View/Open - Minerva Access
... been shown to selectively potentiate feed-forward connections with specific axonal delays, enabling functions such as sound localization in the auditory brainstem of the barn owl. We demonstrate a similar selective potentiation for the recurrent connections in a network with axonal delays correspond ...
... been shown to selectively potentiate feed-forward connections with specific axonal delays, enabling functions such as sound localization in the auditory brainstem of the barn owl. We demonstrate a similar selective potentiation for the recurrent connections in a network with axonal delays correspond ...
The effect of word imagery on priming effect under a preconscious
... 2012; Vistoli et al., 2011]. Previous studies reported that abnormalities in the semantic network were found in patients with schizophrenia, but not in controls [Jeong and Kubicki, 2010; Jeong et al., 2009]. Research into the semantic priming effect, focusing on the associative relationship between ...
... 2012; Vistoli et al., 2011]. Previous studies reported that abnormalities in the semantic network were found in patients with schizophrenia, but not in controls [Jeong and Kubicki, 2010; Jeong et al., 2009]. Research into the semantic priming effect, focusing on the associative relationship between ...
attention - CMU Graphics
... -- For spatial location, these requirements are fulfilled by the retinotopic organization and the well-defined spatial receptive fields in early areas of the visual pathways. -- topographic organization of the feature ...
... -- For spatial location, these requirements are fulfilled by the retinotopic organization and the well-defined spatial receptive fields in early areas of the visual pathways. -- topographic organization of the feature ...