The functional role of the parieto-frontal mirror circuit: interpretations
... Mirror neurons in area VIP in the monkey have been described by Ishida and colleagues98. Previous studies showed that VIP neurons encode tactile and visual stimuli delivered in the peripersonal space of the monkey99,100. Ishida and colleagues showed that some of these neurons also respond to stimuli ...
... Mirror neurons in area VIP in the monkey have been described by Ishida and colleagues98. Previous studies showed that VIP neurons encode tactile and visual stimuli delivered in the peripersonal space of the monkey99,100. Ishida and colleagues showed that some of these neurons also respond to stimuli ...
The Spinal Nerve
... Has projections (gray horns) Organization of Gray Matter The gray horns Posterior gray horns contain somatic and visceralsensory nuclei Anterior gray horns contain somatic motor nuclei Lateral gray horns are in thoracic and lumbar segments; contain visceral motor nuclei Gray commissures (axons that ...
... Has projections (gray horns) Organization of Gray Matter The gray horns Posterior gray horns contain somatic and visceralsensory nuclei Anterior gray horns contain somatic motor nuclei Lateral gray horns are in thoracic and lumbar segments; contain visceral motor nuclei Gray commissures (axons that ...
Nonlinear Population Codes - Department of Nonlinear Dynamics
... Theoretical and experimental studies of distributed neuronal representations of sensory and behavioral variables usually assume that the tuning of the mean ring rates is the main source of information. However, recent theoretical studies have investigated the effect of cross-correlations in the tri ...
... Theoretical and experimental studies of distributed neuronal representations of sensory and behavioral variables usually assume that the tuning of the mean ring rates is the main source of information. However, recent theoretical studies have investigated the effect of cross-correlations in the tri ...
Synchronisation hubs in the visual cortex may arise from strong
... To quantify the oscillation strength of the recorded neuronal responses, we computed the oscillation score, as described previously (Muresan et al., 2008). In brief, this measure is based on analysing the power spectrum of autocorrelation histograms (ACHs) computed with 1-ms resolution (see below). ...
... To quantify the oscillation strength of the recorded neuronal responses, we computed the oscillation score, as described previously (Muresan et al., 2008). In brief, this measure is based on analysing the power spectrum of autocorrelation histograms (ACHs) computed with 1-ms resolution (see below). ...
Attention as a decision in information space
... of behavioral tasks suitable for use in experimental animals. In these tasks animals are trained to make simple decisions based on sensory evidence or rewards and express these decisions through specific actions [1,2]. This strategy has been particularly fruitful in the oculomotor system, where monk ...
... of behavioral tasks suitable for use in experimental animals. In these tasks animals are trained to make simple decisions based on sensory evidence or rewards and express these decisions through specific actions [1,2]. This strategy has been particularly fruitful in the oculomotor system, where monk ...
Temporal Profiles of Axon Terminals, Synapses and Spines in the
... solution, and observed with an electron microscope (H9000, Hitachi). Paraffin sections of both faces were separately stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) or periodic acid fuchsin Schiff (PAS) or by Bodian silver impregnation or used for immunohistochemical detection of glial fibrillary acidic protein ...
... solution, and observed with an electron microscope (H9000, Hitachi). Paraffin sections of both faces were separately stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) or periodic acid fuchsin Schiff (PAS) or by Bodian silver impregnation or used for immunohistochemical detection of glial fibrillary acidic protein ...
Auditory Cortical Neurons are Sensitive to Static and Continuously
... pieces conducted sounds transduced by Yamaha OM-2 earphones. For each experiment the sound delivery system was calibrated in situ. The amplitude and phase of the tone, at frequencies between 50 and 30,000 Hz, were stored by computer (PDP 1 l/23 or MicroVax GPX). These calibration data were used toge ...
... pieces conducted sounds transduced by Yamaha OM-2 earphones. For each experiment the sound delivery system was calibrated in situ. The amplitude and phase of the tone, at frequencies between 50 and 30,000 Hz, were stored by computer (PDP 1 l/23 or MicroVax GPX). These calibration data were used toge ...
Structural Repair and Functional Recovery Following Cerebral
... the primary mechanism. Recent observations performed with the help of Dr. Keith We are currently investigating the ability Snyder indicate that the initial guidance of somatostatin and related substances to for many of the regrowing tracts is proact as chemotactic or growth-promoting vided by a conn ...
... the primary mechanism. Recent observations performed with the help of Dr. Keith We are currently investigating the ability Snyder indicate that the initial guidance of somatostatin and related substances to for many of the regrowing tracts is proact as chemotactic or growth-promoting vided by a conn ...
Synaptic Integration in Rat Frontal Cortex Shaped by Network Activity
... known to influence the response characteristics of individual neurons (Arieli et al. 1996; Azouz and Gray 1999; Tsodyks et al. 1999). How each neuron integrates its synaptic input and what are the time constants involved are crucial for the functioning of the network (Abeles 1982; Diesmann et al. 19 ...
... known to influence the response characteristics of individual neurons (Arieli et al. 1996; Azouz and Gray 1999; Tsodyks et al. 1999). How each neuron integrates its synaptic input and what are the time constants involved are crucial for the functioning of the network (Abeles 1982; Diesmann et al. 19 ...
J Comp Physiol (1982) 149: 179 193
... intervals, the step response changes gradually from the form shown in Fig. 7a to that in Fig. 7b. presumably due to an average bright adaptation. As before, the response shows depolarizing transients both at the onset and offset of light, but the potential fluctuations during brightness are much sma ...
... intervals, the step response changes gradually from the form shown in Fig. 7a to that in Fig. 7b. presumably due to an average bright adaptation. As before, the response shows depolarizing transients both at the onset and offset of light, but the potential fluctuations during brightness are much sma ...
Neuron Production, Neuron Number, and Structure Size Are
... Insight Color video camera and SPOT Advanced imaging software (Diagnostic Instruments, Version 2.4.5 for Windows): (a) the hyperstriatum accessorium (HA), (b) the hyperstriatum ventrale and hyperstriatum dorsale together (HV/HD), (c) the neostriatum and ectostriatum together (Neo/Ecto), and (d) the ...
... Insight Color video camera and SPOT Advanced imaging software (Diagnostic Instruments, Version 2.4.5 for Windows): (a) the hyperstriatum accessorium (HA), (b) the hyperstriatum ventrale and hyperstriatum dorsale together (HV/HD), (c) the neostriatum and ectostriatum together (Neo/Ecto), and (d) the ...
Article PDF
... they extend from the cell body to the pial surface. These neurons were also identified according to the shape of their cell bodies and by the presence of basal dendrites. The apical dendrites of most layer III and V pyramidal neurons end in a spray of terminal branches at the pia, however other “mod ...
... they extend from the cell body to the pial surface. These neurons were also identified according to the shape of their cell bodies and by the presence of basal dendrites. The apical dendrites of most layer III and V pyramidal neurons end in a spray of terminal branches at the pia, however other “mod ...
Cholinergic induction of network oscillations at 40 Hz in the
... We next determined whether glutamatergic excitatory mechanisms are necessary for the emergent population oscillation. Metabotropic glutamate receptors are not necessary, because the receptor antagonist (S)-a-methyl-4-carboxyphenylglycine (MCPG, 200– 500 mM; n ¼ 6; Fig. 2c) failed to block carbachol- ...
... We next determined whether glutamatergic excitatory mechanisms are necessary for the emergent population oscillation. Metabotropic glutamate receptors are not necessary, because the receptor antagonist (S)-a-methyl-4-carboxyphenylglycine (MCPG, 200– 500 mM; n ¼ 6; Fig. 2c) failed to block carbachol- ...
C-fos Expression in the Pons and Medulla of the Cat during
... the EEG. Another pair of screws were threaded into the orbital portion of the frontal bone to monitor electro-oculographic (EGG) activity. Bipolar strut electrodes were implanted bilaterally into the lateral geniculate nuclei [A 5.5, L 9, H 5, according to Berman’s (1968) coordinates]; these electro ...
... the EEG. Another pair of screws were threaded into the orbital portion of the frontal bone to monitor electro-oculographic (EGG) activity. Bipolar strut electrodes were implanted bilaterally into the lateral geniculate nuclei [A 5.5, L 9, H 5, according to Berman’s (1968) coordinates]; these electro ...
Volitional enhancement of firing synchrony and oscillation by
... increase in the synchrony of the entrained neurons. This relation of LFP and neuronal firing can be explained by the fact that LFPs are produced by postsynaptic potentials, and periodicity in neuronal firing would be associated with periodicity in LFPs. They also documented the spatial extent of neu ...
... increase in the synchrony of the entrained neurons. This relation of LFP and neuronal firing can be explained by the fact that LFPs are produced by postsynaptic potentials, and periodicity in neuronal firing would be associated with periodicity in LFPs. They also documented the spatial extent of neu ...
Mirror Proposal 8-01 - USC - University of Southern California
... model will involve a self-organization process which exploits bidirectional connectivity across F5, PF and STS areas to illuminate the developing role of STS and PF in the functioning of the mirror neuron system Recognition of Novel and Compound Actions and their Context: The modeling of development ...
... model will involve a self-organization process which exploits bidirectional connectivity across F5, PF and STS areas to illuminate the developing role of STS and PF in the functioning of the mirror neuron system Recognition of Novel and Compound Actions and their Context: The modeling of development ...
the mirror-neuron system - UCSF Center for Integrative Neuroscience
... between the effective observed and the effective executed action. In about one third of them, the effective observed and executed actions are virtually identical (strictly congruent neurons); in the remaining, the effective observed and executed actions are similar or functionally related (broadly c ...
... between the effective observed and the effective executed action. In about one third of them, the effective observed and executed actions are virtually identical (strictly congruent neurons); in the remaining, the effective observed and executed actions are similar or functionally related (broadly c ...
the mirror-neuron system - Psychology and Neuroscience
... between the effective observed and the effective executed action. In about one third of them, the effective observed and executed actions are virtually identical (strictly congruent neurons); in the remaining, the effective observed and executed actions are similar or functionally related (broadly c ...
... between the effective observed and the effective executed action. In about one third of them, the effective observed and executed actions are virtually identical (strictly congruent neurons); in the remaining, the effective observed and executed actions are similar or functionally related (broadly c ...
Neural correlates for perception of 3d surface orientation from texture
... (24 ). In humans, the caudal intraparietal area, a human homolog of CIP, was activated when subjects attended to a 3D visual feature defined by texture gradients (25) and other kinds of depth cues (26, 27 ). However, it is uncertain how texture gradient signals are processed before they reach CIP. A ...
... (24 ). In humans, the caudal intraparietal area, a human homolog of CIP, was activated when subjects attended to a 3D visual feature defined by texture gradients (25) and other kinds of depth cues (26, 27 ). However, it is uncertain how texture gradient signals are processed before they reach CIP. A ...
Wang et al 2photon calcium imaging of odor in fly brain cell 2003
... response to odors are revealed by these initial experiments. Different odors elicit different patterns of glomerular activation and these patterns are conserved among different animals. At odor concentrations likely to be encountered in nature, the map is sparse and glomeruli are narrowly tuned. The ...
... response to odors are revealed by these initial experiments. Different odors elicit different patterns of glomerular activation and these patterns are conserved among different animals. At odor concentrations likely to be encountered in nature, the map is sparse and glomeruli are narrowly tuned. The ...
The Peripheral Nervous System
... • Although the somatic nervous system is generally under conscious control, some actions of the system occur automatically. • For example, if you accidentally step on a tack with your bare foot, your leg may recoil before you are even aware of the pain. • This rapid response (a reflex) is caused by ...
... • Although the somatic nervous system is generally under conscious control, some actions of the system occur automatically. • For example, if you accidentally step on a tack with your bare foot, your leg may recoil before you are even aware of the pain. • This rapid response (a reflex) is caused by ...
Down - 서울대 Biointelligence lab
... Fig. 5.15 (A) Estimate of mutual information between face stimuli and firing rate responses of C cells in the inferior-temporal cortex. The set of stimuli consisted 20 faces (stars). 8 faces (crosses), and 4 face(squares). (B) the information in the population of cells relative to the umber of stimu ...
... Fig. 5.15 (A) Estimate of mutual information between face stimuli and firing rate responses of C cells in the inferior-temporal cortex. The set of stimuli consisted 20 faces (stars). 8 faces (crosses), and 4 face(squares). (B) the information in the population of cells relative to the umber of stimu ...
Chemosensory Systems
... associated with one of the hundreds of olfactory receptors (OR). Olfactory sensory neurons (OSN) have dendrites with olfactory cilia containing the G-protein-coupled OR and axons that communicate to the olfactory bulb. OSN can regenerate, giving them an unusual ability to recover from injury. OSN lo ...
... associated with one of the hundreds of olfactory receptors (OR). Olfactory sensory neurons (OSN) have dendrites with olfactory cilia containing the G-protein-coupled OR and axons that communicate to the olfactory bulb. OSN can regenerate, giving them an unusual ability to recover from injury. OSN lo ...
Down - 서울대 Biointelligence lab
... Fig. 5.15 (A) Estimate of mutual information between face stimuli and firing rate responses of C cells in the inferior-temporal cortex. The set of stimuli consisted 20 faces (stars). 8 faces (crosses), and 4 face(squares). (B) the information in the population of cells relative to the umber of stimu ...
... Fig. 5.15 (A) Estimate of mutual information between face stimuli and firing rate responses of C cells in the inferior-temporal cortex. The set of stimuli consisted 20 faces (stars). 8 faces (crosses), and 4 face(squares). (B) the information in the population of cells relative to the umber of stimu ...
Princeton-Learning
... truck, a bicycle, and even a child’s wagon. The dog has undergone a process of (A) stimulus discrimination (B) stimulus generalization (C) spontaneous recovery (D) backward conditioning (E) differential reinforcement 2. Which of the following would be an example of second-order conditioning? (A) a c ...
... truck, a bicycle, and even a child’s wagon. The dog has undergone a process of (A) stimulus discrimination (B) stimulus generalization (C) spontaneous recovery (D) backward conditioning (E) differential reinforcement 2. Which of the following would be an example of second-order conditioning? (A) a c ...
Caridoid escape reaction
The caridoid escape reaction, also known as lobstering or tail-flipping, refers to an innate escape mechanism in marine and freshwater crustaceans such as lobsters, krill, shrimp and crayfish.The reaction, most extensively researched in crayfish, allows crustaceans to escape predators through rapid abdominal flexions that produce powerful swimming strokes — thrusting the crustacean backwards through the water and away from danger. The type of response depends on the part of the crustacean stimulated, but this behavior is complex and is regulated both spatially and temporally through the interactions of several neurons.